First record of the white trevally (Pseudocaranx dentex) in the Black Sea: a new occurrence from Bulgarian coastal waters
This study documents the first confirmed record of the white trevally (Pseudocaranx dentex) in the Black Sea. A specimen (354 mm TL and weight 703 g) was recorded near Varna, Bulgaria, on 24 July 2025. This observation represents the northernmost occurrence of the species along the western Black Sea coast, extending its known distribution beyond the transitional zone of the Bosphorus. The present record from Varna Bay is located approximately 330 km north of the previous northernmost confirmed occurrence in the Bosphorus Strait, marking a substantial northward extension along the western Black Sea coastline. Identification was based on morphological and meristic characteristics. Despite abundant benthic prey in the area, the specimen’s empty stomach may indicate a recent arrival or a trophic mismatch. The finding supports the hypothesis of meridionalization and climate-driven range shifts of thermophilic fishes. Sea surface temperatures in the region have increased by ~0.5 °C per decade since the 1990s, creating favorable conditions for warm-water species. As a fast-growing, generalist predator, P. dentex may alter food web dynamics and interact with native species. This record underscores the need for sustained ichthyofaunal monitoring and further research on the ecological implications of thermophilic newcomers in the Black Sea.
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