Neotropical Biology and Conservation

Forest–farm interfaces in tropical landscapes are pivotal hotspots of human–wildlife interaction. However, they remain poorly documented across Central America. This study investi…

Distribution data and reproductive biology of freshwater catfishes of the genus Rhamdia remain insufficiently explored, limiting our knowledge of these ecologically, nutritionally…

Activity of terrestrial ectotherms in seasonal equatorial environments can be challenging due to temporal variations in temperature and water availability. Social interactions amo…

Insular isolation can drive rapid evolutionary divergence, including pronounced dwarfism, in mammals. A dwarfed fox (Urocyon sp.) has inhabited the island of Cozumel, Mexico, for …

Despite their suitable size, bats (Chiroptera) represent rare to occasional prey for the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis), a generalist carnivorous feline with a wide geographic distri…

Surprisingly little is known about the thermal ecology of Mexican kinosternid turtles. We studied the body temperatures of Kinosternon cora, K. durangoense, and K. herrerai from M…

The Bragantina region is one of the most densely settled regions of the Amazon Basin. Rainforests were clear-cut during the last two centuries and replaced by a tessellated rural …

Two new species of Scolia (Scoliinae, Scoliini) are described from Mexico and Panama: Scolia bartletti sp. nov. and Scolia albumtenebris sp. nov., respectively. Morphological diag…

The Amazon Basin is a biodiversity hotspot, with vertically stratified forests fostering complex habitats and high mammal diversity. Although mammals play a critical role in maint…

Terrestrial planarians are important soil predators of a variety of invertebrate groups, including exotic and invasive mollusc species. However, data on prey in natural conditions…

Urbanization is widely recognized as a driver of increased pathogen transmission, primarily through landscape modification and heightened contact rates between hosts and vectors, …

The higher temperatures and lower rainfall generated by global warming can have negative repercussions on the physiological responses of plants. This study aims to understand how …

Landscape alterations have strong impacts on the distribution of genetic variation within and between populations, and understanding these effects can provide insights for design …

The Caatinga, the largest seasonal dry tropical forest in South America, has been experiencing significant environmental disturbances due to deforestation, agricultural expansion,…

In this study, we describe and illustrate nine new species of microcaddisflies: Oxyethira jaramillo sp. nov., Neotrichia afuera sp. nov., Neotrichia aguirrei sp. nov., Neotrichia …

Human-crocodile interaction in the Laguna del Carpintero, Tampico, Tamaulipas, Mexico has been a growing concern for the last several years, with homeless people being the most af…

The histological organization of labial development of trahira Hoplias malabaricus found in a drying pool was compared with normal fish from a similar environment. It was found th…

Domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) significantly threaten endangered vertebrates worldwide. In this study, we report 11 documented cases of dogs chasing, harassing, competing for fo…

Haloarchaea produce metabolites of biotechnological importance and grow in hypersaline environments such as coastal lagoons, marine solar salterns, natural brines, and salt lakes.…

We report and describe unusual types of behaviour of fighting and whistling in a species considered shy and calm. Baird’s tapir is the largest of all Neotropical mammals and lives…

This study reports two notable predation events involving Thamnophis scaliger (Jan 1863) and Crotalus triseriatus (Wagler 1830), which target Ambystoma altamirani (Dugès 1895), a …

Although chromatic disorders are widely reported in the animal kingdom, few reports of true leucism have been published in Neotropical bats. In this note we report our observation…

The Neotropical otter, Lontra annectens, is a predator specialized in aquatic prey, and the main diet of this otter is fish, supplemented mainly by crustaceans and opportunistical…

Jaguar populations (Panthera onca) on the Ecuadorian coast are critically endangered, with only a few dozen individuals remaining in the region. In some areas, no records have bee…

Bats play an integral key ecological role in forests, but there is limited understanding of how their richness and activity vary over time in temperate forests and the effect of h…

This study compares the variation of richness, abundance, and diversity of butterfly species for vegetation communities along an elevational gradient and during different seasons …

Highways are one of the anthropogenic factors that have the greatest impact on terrestrial biodiversity. Barriers, depletion effects, and roads are the most common locations of wi…

Trogonidae make up a family of birds with a mixed diet composed of fruit and animal matter. However, there is little research examining the foraging ecology of Trogon citreolus in…

Polygyny is common among lizards, and sexual dimorphism in coloration and size influences sexual selection by females. Courtship and copulation include ritualized behaviors such a…

Tree cavities used as sleeping sites are a limited resource for arboreal mammals. The shared use of arboreal cavities as sleeping sites between Neotropical mammals is rarely obser…

The sparsity of post-translocation monitoring data for rehabilitated felids leaves a pressing gap in our current understanding of their integration into and use of novel landscape…

The chemical communication signals the presence of individuals and territorial occupation, providing information about identity, sex, and reproductive status. This study aimed to …

The “Mexclapique” Girardinichthys viviparus, is a goodeid endemic to the Valley of Mexico basin. This species is endangered following habitat alterations due to urbanization and p…

Coloration anomalies are widespread across the animal kingdom; however, they pass underreported for some taxa or are extremely rare, like in the case of mammals. Three of those an…

Nematoda is the fourth most diverse animal phylum and is widely distributed. Marine nematodes are generally the most speciose group of meiofauna, yet there are relatively few stud…

The flora and fauna of Panama is species-rich due to its location and topography, and the resulting diversity of microclimates and habitats. The last two summaries (benchmarks) of…

Aquatic shredder insect diversity declines latitudinally toward the equator, contrary to the general latitudinal biodiversity gradient. Shredder diversity along tropical elevation…

Ant diversity in tropical montane rainforests is globally understudied. This is true for Cusuco National Park (CNP), a cloud forest ecosystem in northwestern Honduras that support…

A case of a non-fatal crocodile attack on a human was reported on the banks of the Segovia River on the Honduras and Nicaragua border. The 12-year-old girl survived the attack, on…

In Mexico opossums are difficult to find, and much of their natural history, ecology, and behavior are unknown. Through photographic and visual records, we obtained data on the pr…

We provide new records of Neogale frenata and Potos flavus, two carnivores with elusive behaviors that are challenging to observe in their natural habitats. Through direct records…

Laguna Blanca National Park (LBNP) is located in the mid-west of Neuquén Province, Argentina. It was created in 1940 with the aim of conserving the nesting and breeding habitats o…

Herein we add eight new country records to Panama’s caddisfly fauna (Insecta, Trichoptera): Hydropsychidae – Leptonema turrialbum Flint, McAlpine & Ross, 1987; Polycentropodidae –…

Domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) are recognised worldwide not only as man’s best friend, but also as a form of anthropogenic edge effect impacting wildlife through predation…

Non sustainable land uses are disturbing natural habitats and wild animals’ ecology worldwide. Nevertheless, the sensitisation of key actors combined with research and a consequen…

The mammal community of the Coastal Range of southern Chile has been little studied even though they inhabit an environment under severe threats due to anthropic disturbance. Duri…

The caddisfly genus Protoptila (Trichoptera, Glossosomatidae) in Panama is currently represented by 15 species, including four endemic species and 11 species also found in Costa R…

The study of vegetative and reproductive phenophases of plants is critical for understanding aspects related to plant behavior in different environments. In the tropics, there is …

Fish populations in environments with a high degree of geographic isolation may be prone to mutations expressed in the phenotypes. These mutations may be related to color pattern,…

Although spiders and land planarians constitute diverse groups of terrestrial predators, interactions between them are still unknown. Here, we describe a predatory event of a land…