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Showing 4801 to 4850 of 59105 works
Origin of Dawnside Subauroral Polarization Streams during Major Geomagnetic Storms
Solar eruptions cause geomagnetic storms in the near-Earth environment, creating spectacular aurorae visible to the human eye and invisible dynamic changes permeating all of geosp…
Assessing watershed-scale environmental flow alterations induced by dams and climate change using a distributed hydrolo…
Hydrological alterations, which can be represented by the extent of the changes in the flow patterns resulting from anthropogenic factors, can reduce aquatic biodiversity by disru…
Short (100 bp) dsDNA Stretches Can Withstand 1mGy Gamma-Irradiation Dose at Jovian Europa’s Surface
The DNA molecules are stable but easily fragmented by ionization radiation, which challenges DNA integrity in searching for evidence for extraterrestrial life on icy satellites. T…
Ion-ion cross-field instability of lower hybrid waves in the inner coma of comet 67P
We show that an ion-ion cross-field streaming instability between cold newborn cometary ions and heated heavy ions that were picked up upstream is likely a contributing source of …
Long-term triggered seismicity on the Mosha fault by Damavand Volcano, N-Iran, Implications on the seismic hazard of Te…
Seismic history of the Mosha fault, the largest and most active fault of Eastern Tehran metropolis (>15 million population) with three documented 6.5
Phantasmagoria of Earth's mantle convection and correct plates movements
First, author explains that mantle convection is physically impossible as factor driving lithosphric plates. Considering all-important earthquakes on the Earth, author shows that …
Alteration at the base of the Siccar Point unconformity and further evidence for an alkaline provenance at Gale crater:…
Chemical data acquired by Curiosity’s Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) during examination of the contact between the upper Mount Sharp group and overlying Stimson formatio…
The influence of the stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation on the tropical easterly jet over the Maritime Continent
This study investigated the influence of the stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) on the tropical easterly jet (TEJ). Easterly (EQBO) and westerly (WQBO) phases of the Q…
First Detection of the Pekeris Internal Global Atmospheric Resonance: Evidence from the 2022 Tonga Eruption and from Gl…
We used observations and model simulation to examine the atmospheric pulses that dominate the far field in the hours after the January 2022 Tonga eruption. We analyzed radiance ob…
Logjam Characteristics as Drivers of Transient Storage in Headwater Streams
Logjams in a stream create backwater conditions and locally force water to flow through the streambed, creating zones of transient storage within the surface and subsurface of a s…
Hot tomato pollen is different, but how?
Tiny tomato pollen has an outsized role in reproduction, providing essential cellular and genetic material for fertilization and fruit generation. Unfortunately, high temperatures…
The Cross Equatorial Transport of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Eruption Plume
On Jan. 15, 2022, the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai (HT) eruption injected SO2 and water into the middle stratosphere. Shortly after the eruption, the water vapor anomaly moved northw…
Using Mapper Graphs to Reveal Morphological Relationships in Passiflora Leaves
As collections of data grow in size, it is increasingly important to have an efficient means of analyzing large data sets. Topological data analysis (TDA) applies concepts from th…
Cassava root phenotyping for arsenic phytoremediation
Arsenic (As) pollutes large regions of Asia. Despite phytoremediation initiatives using hyperaccumulators to remove As from contaminated soil, farmers remain reluctant to employ s…
Love wave tomography of the United States
Love wave phase velocity maps provide essential constraints on radial anisotropy and deformation in the crust and upper mantle. However, the phenomenon of overtone interference ca…
Phytoplankton Blooms Under Antarctic Sea Ice
Areas covered in compact sea ice are often assumed to prohibit upper ocean photosynthesis. Yet under-ice phytoplankton blooms (UIBs) have increasingly been observed in the Arctic,…
Investigating three-dimensional (3D) evolution of submarine landslide initiation and dynamics
Submarine landslides are usually enormous in size but often developed from a minute slip surface. Attention has previously been paid to quantifying the failure initiation of a sub…
A novel approach for deriving river discharge using passive microwaves
We present herein a new basis for measuring river discharge in ungauged catchments. Surrogate runoff (SR) is created using remotely sensed data to compensate for the absence of gr…
Evolution of olivine fabrics during deep subduction and exhumation of continental crust: Insights from the Yinggelisayi…
The different olivine fabrics in ultramafic rocks have been widely used to discuss past tectonic settings, given that the olivine fabrics vary with pressure, temperature and water…
Assessing Coastal Change Forecasts on the Louisiana Coast During the 2020 Hurricane Season
During hurricane season, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) forecasts the probability of coastal change prior to named storm landfall. Forecasts both quantify potential storm effec…
Phenomenology of Avalanche Recordings from Distributed Acoustic Sensing
Avalanches and other hazardous mass movements pose a danger to the population and critical infrastructure in alpine areas. Hence, understanding and continuously monitoring mass mo…
Soil Moisture Memory in Commonly-used Land Surface Models Differ Significantly from SMAP Observation
Weather and climate forecast predictability relies on Land-Atmosphere (L-A) interactions occurring at different time scales. However, evaluation of L-A coupling parameterizations …
Risk analysis of injection-induced seismicity associated with geological CO2 storage through enhanced oil recovery
CO2 enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is being increasingly deployed for the exploitation of depleted conventional oil and gas fields, due to the twofold benefit of improved recovery ef…
Localized geomagnetic disturbance due to ionospheric response to the Hunga Tonga eruption on January 15, 2022
The Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano in the Pacific Ocean erupted on January 15, 2022. The energy released by this submarine eruption caused waves propagating through the lithosp…
Transport-reaction dynamics of particulate organic matter and oxygen in riverbed sediments
This study deals with the riverbed of the Columbia river in the vicinity of the Hanford 300 Area study site in eastern Washington, where fluctuations in river stage take place bot…
Dropsonde Design, Calibration, and Testing for Multi-Point Measurement of Thunderstorm Electrical Structures
Electric field measurements are necessary to understand thunderstorm evolution and lightning initiation. However, most existing measurements are made with single instruments carri…
Stormtime ring current heating of the ionosphere and plasmasphere
The energy deposition from ring current ions into the high density ‘cold’ plasma of the ionosphere and plasmasphere is analyzed, based on a Comprehensive Inner Magnetosphere-Ionos…
Incorporating IMERG Satellite Precipitation Uncertainty into Seasonal and Peak Streamflow Predictions using the Hillslo…
In global applications and data sparse regions, which comprise most of the earth, hydrologic model-based flood monitoring relies on precipitation data from satellite multisensor p…
Brine Volume Fraction as a Habitability Metric for Europa's Ice Shell
Brine systems in Europa’s ice shell have been hypothesized as potential habitats that could be more accessible than the sub-ice ocean. We model the distribution of sub-millimeter-…
A building-scale hydrodynamic model for extreme urban flash flooding simulation: A Confluence Area in Raritan River Bas…
Under Climate change, especially Global Warming, the increased intensity and frequency of extreme precipitation events in more local areas have illustrated the importance of havin…
The climatic water balance captures evolving water resources pressures on the margins of the Himalaya
Evaluation of the climatic water balance (CWB) – i.e. precipitation minus potential evapotranspiration – has strong potential as a tool for investigating patterns of variability a…
Projected Antarctic extreme heat events in a warming world
As global temperatures increase, Antarctica is likely to experience increased frequency, duration, and intensity of extreme temperature events. Here we investigate how the charact…
FORTE Measurements of Global Optical Lightning Waveforms and Implications for Optical Lightning Detection
Lightning processes generate a diverse collection of optical pulses depending on how current traverses the lightning channels. These signals are then broadened spatially and tempo…
Focusing and defocusing of tropical cyclone generated waves by ocean current refraction
Waves generated by tropical cyclones can have devastating effects on coastal regions. However, the role of ocean currents in modifying wave amplitudes, wavelengths, and directions…
Dynamics of magma chamber replenishment under buoyancy and pressure forces
Active magma chambers are periodically replenished upon a combination of buoyancy and pressure forces driving upward motion of initially deep magma. Such periodic replenishments c…
Modeling Spatially Resolved US Carbon Dioxide Emissions from the Supply Chains of Gasoline and Diesel Consumption
Transportation fuels flow through a complex supply chain from the point of crude oil extraction to the point of combustion. We present a model that tracks the movement of gasoline…
Krypton-81 dating constrains timing of deep groundwater flow activation
Krypton-81 dating provides new insights into the timing, mechanisms, and extent of meteoric flushing versus retention of saline fluids in the subsurface in response to changes in …
Response of Surface Ozone to Atmospheric Aerosol Absorption is More Sensitive than to Scattering
Interactions between atmospheric aerosols and ozone have a significant impact on air pollution and the climate. However, the relative importance of the response of surface ozone t…
Representing the Dynamic Response of Vegetation to Nitrogen Limitation in the CLASSIC Land Model
Despite its pivotal feedback to carbon cycling, representing the dynamic response of vegetation to nitrogen limitation is a key challenge for simulating the terrestrial carbon sin…
The influence of strong tides on the formation of Amundsen Sea Polynya
Polynyas play an important role in climate change with an efficient exchange of heat and matter between the atmosphere and the ocean in polar regions. This study investigated the …
Multi-site and multi-year precipitation isotope δ18O forecasting using CNN, Bi-LSTM, CNN-Bi-LSTM, and spatiotemporal cl…
The combined utilization of spatiotemporal clustering and deep learning neural network models were designed to evaluate the applicability of the multi-year and multi-sites precipi…
Frequency bands and gaps of magnetospheric chorus waves generated by resonant beam/plateau electrons
In this paper, the modifications of the whistler dispersion characteristics are investigated which arise if resonant electrons are taken into account. The following chain of proce…
Exploring the potential of neural networks to predict statistics of solar wind turbulence
Time series datasets often have missing or corrupted entries, which need to be ignored in subsequent data analysis. For example, in the context of space physics, calibration issue…
Deciphering the signatures of convective rain cells using simultaneous observations from C-band Synthetic Aperture Rada…
Earth Observation Satellite (EOS)-04 launched on 14 th February 2022, carries a C-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) for Agriculture, Forestry, Hydrology and Flood mapping applic…
Enhanced root growth reduces Nitrous Oxide emissions
Nitrous oxide (N20) is a greenhouse gas that is three hundred times more potent than carbon dioxide. The majority of N20 emissions worldwide are the result of excess soil nitrogen…
5G to 6G: A Paradigm Shift in Radio Channel Modelling
Since the publication of the special collection on Radio Channel Modelling for 5G Millimeter Wave Communications in the Built Environments new frequency bands, new antennas and ne…
Comparison and synthesis of sea-level and deep-sea temperature variations over the past 40 million years
Global ice volume (sea level) and deep-sea temperature are key measures of Earth’s climatic state. We synthesize evidence for multi-centennial to millennial ice-volume and deep-se…
Chapter 5: Ambient Bubble Acoustics -Seep, Rain and Wave Noise
This chapter discusses the sounds emitted by gas bubbles when they are generated underwater. Here we define bubbles to be volumes of gas, surrounded by liquid (here, taken to be w…
Sediment transport and morphodynamics at salt marsh boundary in the shallow bay during cold front passages
Understanding the processes of wetland boundary morphodynamics is critical to evaluating the vulnerability of wetlands. Specifically, analysis of changes in sediment supply at the…
Verification of wave-induced impact on saltmarsh edges based on UAV images and numerical model
The lateral erosion of the salt marshes in Galveston Island wetlands was investigated through field UAV surveys. Using a GNSS receiver on the ground and a GNSS receiver attached t…
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