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Showing 4551 to 4600 of 59105 works
Detecting changes in permafrost active layer thickness from baseflow recession
Permafrost active layer thickness (ALT) is a sensitive indicator of permafrost response to climate change. In recent decades, ALT has increased at sites across the Arctic, concurr…
Structural architecture and deformation history of Tempe Terra, Mars
The structurally complex region of Tempe Terra, located in the northeast of the Tharsis Rise on Mars, preserves deformation related to the growth of Tharsis and lies along the tre…
Solute transport through unsteady hydrologic systems along a plug flow-to-uniform sampling continuum
Unsteady transit time distribution (TTD) theory is a promising new approach for merging hydrologic and water quality models at the catchment scale. A major obstacle to widespread …
Underfilled peripheral foreland development in response to the Proto-Tethys Ocean closure in the North Qilian, NE Tibet…
The North Qilian Ocean (NQO) was the northernmost branch of the Proto-Tethys separating the Central Qilian Terrane (CQT) from the North China Block (NCB) since the Neoproterozoic …
Multi-variable turbulence characteristics of the daytime atmospheric boundary layer over an arid region using measureme…
Turbulence parameterizations (TP) in numerical weather prediction models remains one of the challenging tasks as we lack a comprehensive understanding on the turbulence processes …
Sea level changes can trigger earthquake sequences in a hydrothermal system near Istanbul
Small stress changes such as those from tidal loading can be enough to trigger earthquakes. If small and large earthquakes initiate similarly, high resolution catalogs with low de…
Fire-Pollutant-Atmosphere Interaction and Its Impact on Mortality in Portugal During Wildfire Seasons
Wildfires expose populations to increased morbidity and mortality due to the increase of air pollutant emissions. This study assesses the impact of wildfire exposure in Portugal. …
Quantifying the Safe Operating Space for Land-System SDG Achievement via Machine Learning Meta-Modelling and Scenario D…
We developed a machine learning based meta-model to identify sustainability pathways through rapid scenario generation and defined the safe operating space for achieving them via …
Impacts of basal melting of the Totten Ice Shelf and biological productivity on marine biogeochemical components in Sab…
To clarify the impact of basal melting of the Antarctic ice sheet and biological productivity on biogeochemical processes in Antarctic coastal waters, concentrations of dissolved …
Aquatic organisms as models in biomedical space research
From the word go till nowadays, laboratory biologists have been focused mostly on a few practical biological models, which largely determined and narrowed down our modern vision o…
ENSO Impact on the Declining CO2 Sink Rate
A time-dependent atmospheric CO2 budget model is shown to closely match yearly Mauna Loa CO2 concentrations during 1959-2021. The model assumes an anthropogenic CO2 source, and ye…
Characterizing Multi-Subevent Earthquakes Using the Brune Source Model
Although the Brune source model describes earthquake moment release as a single pulse, it is widely used in studies of complex earthquakes with multiple episodes of high moment re…
3D coseismic surface displacements from historical aerial photographs of the 1987 Edgecumbe earthquake, New Zealand
Earthquake surface deformation provides key constraints on the geometry, kinematics, displacements, and complexity of fault rupture. However, deriving these precise characteristic…
Three-Dimensional Basin Depth Map of the Northern Los Angeles Basins from Gravity and Seismic Measurements
The San Gabriel, Chino, and San Bernardino sedimentary basins in Southern California amplify earthquake ground motions and prolong the duration of shaking due to the basins’ shape…
Electrical ocean conductivity variability from observations and its budget from an ocean state estimate
Because spatio-temporal variations in ocean heat content (OHC) are strongly predicted by ocean conductivity content (OCC) over most of the global ocean, we analyze the dynamical b…
North American hydroclimate during past warms states: A proxy network-model comparison for the Last Interglacial and th…
During the mid-Holocene (MH: ~6,000 years BP) and Last Interglacial LIG (LIG: ~129,000-116,000 years BP) differences in the seasonal and latitudinal distribution of insolation dro…
Should multivariate bias corrections of climate simulations account for changes of rank correlation over time?
Inter-variable dependencies are key properties to characterise many climate phenomena - such as compound events - and their future changes. Yet, climate simulations often have sta…
Challenges in hydrologic-land surface modelling of permafrost signatures - Impacts of parameterization on model fidelit…
Permafrost plays an important role in the hydrology of arctic/subarctic regions. However, permafrost thaw/degradation has been observed over recent decades in the Northern Hemisph…
Automated Symbolic Upscaling: Model Generation for Extended Applicability Regimes, Part 2
In this second part of the two paper series, we detail an algorithmic procedure for systematically implementing the generalized closure form strategy presented in Part 1. After en…
Developing Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves using GPM-IMERG v6 data: A Case Study from South India
With the availability of satellite-based precipitation products, it is pertinent to develop methods to use these data products for the purpose of design of hydraulic structures. T…
North Atlantic tropical cyclone size and storm surge reconstructions from 1950-present
Tropical cyclones (TCs) are one of the greatest threats to coastal communities along the US Atlantic and Gulf coasts due to their extreme winds, rainfall and storm surge. Analyzin…
Near-term forecasts of NEON lakes reveal gradients of environmental predictability across the U.S.
The National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON)’s standardized monitoring program provides an unprecedented opportunity for comparing the predictability of ecosystems. To harne…
Lunar Plasma Environment in Magnetotail Lobe Conditions. First Results from 3-D Hybrid Kinetic Modeling and Comparison …
The study of lunar plasma environment’s response to the magnetotail lobe condition is the main subject of our investigation in this report. Photoionization and charge exchange of …
A decentralized approach for modeling organized convection based on thermal populations on microgrids
In this study a spectral model for convective transport is coupled to a thermal population on a horizontal microgrid, with the goal of exploring new ways of representing impacts o…
The Helicity Sign of Flux Transfer Event Flux Ropes and its Relationship to the Guide Field and Hall Physics in Magneti…
Flux Transfer Events (FTEs) are transient magnetic flux ropes typically found at the Earth’s magnetopause on the dayside. While it is known that FTEs are generated by magnetic rec…
Simple hybrid sea ice nudging method for improving control over partitioning of sea ice concentration and thickness
To assess the effect of ocean-atmosphere coupling in the climate response to forced sea ice loss, the PAMIP (Polar Amplification Model Intercomparison Project) protocol includes c…
Optimization of Irrigation Management using Water Cycle Algorithm: A Robust Strategy to Improve Water Use Efficiency
To obtain an optimum irrigation management strategy, reaching lower water applications as well as highest possible yields, can be complex regarding various plant and environmental…
Resolution Dependence of Southern Ocean Mixed-Phase Clouds in ICON
Extratropical low-level mixed-phase clouds (MPCs) are difficult to represent in global climate models and generate substantial uncertainty in global climate projections. In this s…
Statistical analysis of APXS-derived chemistry of the clay-bearing Glen Torridon region and Mount Sharp group, Gale cra…
The Glen Torridon stratigraphic sequence marks the transition from the low energy lacustrine-dominated Murray formation (Mf) (Jura member: Jm) to the more diverse Carolyn Shoemake…
Using time-lapse borehole NMR relaxation measurements to investigate the relationship between bedrock weathering and pl…
Time-lapse borehole nuclear magnetic resonance (bNMR) relaxation is a promising method for linking water content changes in the unsaturated region of the critical zone with pore-s…
Characterization of Water Sorption by Mineral Dust and Nonproteinaceous Biological Particles at Subzero Temperatures
Atmospheric ice-nucleating particles (INPs) from mineral dust and non-proteinaceous biological sources can influence cloud formation, precipitation, and Earth’s radiation budget d…
Evaluating Uncertainty and Modes of Variability for Antarctic Atmospheric Rivers
Antarctic atmospheric rivers (ARs) are driven by their synoptic environments and lead to profound and varying impacts along the coastlines and over the continent. The definition a…
Rayleigh Wave Attenuation and Amplification Measured at Ocean-Bottom Seismometer Arrays using Helmholtz Tomography
Shear attenuation provides insights into the physical and chemical state of the upper mantle. Yet, observations of attenuation are infrequent in the oceans, despite recent prolife…
Upskilling low-fidelity hydrodynamic models of flood inundation through spatial analysis and Gaussian Process learning
Accurate flood inundation modelling using a complex high-resolution hydrodynamic (high-fidelity) model can be very computationally demanding. To address this issue, efficient appr…
The effect of shock waves on diamagnetic fabrics
Para- and ferro-magnetic fabrics are known to provide essential clues for understanding impact cratering processes. However, research on the effects of shock waves on diamagnetic …
Understanding the history of complex ice crystal habits deduced from a holographic imager
The sizes and shapes of ice crystals influence the radiative properties of clouds, as well as precipitation initiation and aerosol scavenging. However, ice crystal growth mechanis…
Transforming in-situ measurements allows robust estimation of the spatial average of soil moisture despite sensor failu…
Robust estimation of average soil water content with spatial resolution of a few tens to a few hundreds of meters is essential for evaluating models or data assimilation products.…
Characterization of Environmental Seismic Signals in a Post-Wildfire Environment: Examples from the Museum Fire, AZ
The 2019 Museum Fire burned in a mountainous region near the city of Flagstaff, AZ, USA. Due to the high risk of post-wildfire debris flows and flooding entering the city, we depl…
Definition and Classification of Soil Moisture Flash Droughts Over the United States
Flash droughts have recently gained significant attention due to their severe economic and ecological impacts. Despite extensive and growing research on flash drought processes, p…
Emissions Patterns In An Industrialized State: Overlapping Legacies of Time, Space, Climate, Geography, Poverty And Race
Understanding interactions among greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, air pollution, race, and poverty is critical to developing strategies to slow climate warming, and is socially imp…
Evaluating the Retreat, Stabilization, and Regrowth of Crane Glacier against Marine Ice Cliff Process Models
The fastest projected rates of sea level rise appear in models which include “the marine ice cliff instability (MICI),” a hypothesized but mostly unobserved process defined by rap…
Cenozoic structural development of the western flank of the Song Hong Basin, Gulf of Tonkin, Vietnam: linking with onsh…
Cenozoic strike-slip deformation and associated basin formation in Indochina provide critical clues on crustal response during India-Asia collision. Typically, Indochina is consid…
Improving Forecasting Ability of GITM using Data-driven Model Refinement
At altitudes below about 600 km, satellite drag is one of the most important and variable forces acting on a satellite. Neutral mass density predictions in the upper atmosphere ar…
Influence of Himalayan and Tibetan Orography on the Statistics of Monsoon Low Pressure Systems over the Indian Subconti…
Monsoon low pressure systems (LPS) are synoptic scale tropical disturbances that form over the Indian subcontinent along the quasi-stationary trough axis during the monsoon (June …
Statistical characteristics of midlatitude ionospheric F-region backscatter observed by the SuperDARN Jiamusi radar
The Jiamusi (JME) radar is the first high-frequency coherent scatter radar independently developed in China. In this study, we investigate the statistical characteristics of the o…
Intrinsic Dimensionality as a Metric for the Impact of Mission Design Parameters
High-resolution space-based spectral imaging of the Earth’s surface delivers critical information for monitoring changes in the Earth system as well as resource management and uti…
Study on retrievals of ocean wave spectrum by spaceborne SAR in ice-covered areas
Interaction between ocean waves and sea ice may play an important role in sea ice retreat in the Arctic. However, it is difficult to quantify the change of ocean waves propagating…
Onshore entrapment of sea water in coastal aquifers by rapid coastline progradation
We hypothesize that onshore saline groundwater in delta systems may have resulted from rapid shoreline progradation during the Holocene. To explore this hypothesis, we develop a m…
4D-Var data assimilation using an adjoint model of a neural network surrogate model
Four-dimensional variational (4D-Var) data assimilation is an effective method for obtaining physically consistent time-varying states. In this study, a method using a neural netw…
A framework for 210Pb model selection and its application to 37 cores from Eastern Canada to identify the dynamics and …
Lake sedimentation rate represents a synthetic metric of ecosystem functioning. Many localized studies have reported a significant association between land use/land cover changes …
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