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Showing 40351 to 40400 of 59105 works

Mixing-Limited Effective Reaction Rates in Porous Media: An Explicit Prediction from Pore-Scale Mixing

Two solutes can share the same volume of a porous medium and still barely react, because sharing a volume is not the same as mixing. As the flow carries them, it stretches each in…

Modification of Antarctic geothermal heat flux by groundwater flow

The geothermal heat flux to the bed of the ice in Antarctica is important for ice flow and basal meltwater production, but is also highly uncertain. In particular, it is thought t…

Development of Hydraulic Hazard Mapping within a GIS Environment: Interoperability Between HEC-RAS and QGIS

Alluvial events represent some of the most destructive natural hazards threatening human civilization. Over recent decades, the frequency of extreme rainfall has exposed the Itali…

Valley forests as ecological bottlenecks: Topography and resource concentration structure herbivore use in the Western …

Large-herbivore distributions in the Western Ghats are often interpreted through the perspective of protected areas, forest loss, and human disturbance. This perspective can under…

Deglacial reconstruction of the spatial extent and intensity of the North Atlantic Subtropical High

Rainfall-related hazards are growing in southeastern North America (SENA) but well-documented climate-model biases cast doubt on projected rainfall changes. The North Atlantic Sub…

GSDD, A Catchment-Scale Global Streamflow Drought Database based on Observed Daily Discharge

Streamflow droughts increasingly threaten global water security, hydropower production, and freshwater ecosystems. Understanding observed streamflow drought characteristics is key…

Warming above, cooling below: First model-based quantitative thermal- regime assessment and subsurface thermal evoluti…

We present the first quantitative thermal characterisation of Nivlisen Ice Shelf, central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica, using a one-dimensional heat-transfer model forced b…

Permafrost Degradation and Ecological Restoration Technologies in the Northeastern Margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau:…

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau represents the highest-altitude and largest-area permafrost distribution zone in global mid-to-low latitude regions. Its northeastern margin, encompassin…

Modelling the Evolution of Elliptical Röthlisberger Channels

Subglacial water flow is critical to basal sliding and ice dynamics. Modelling the coupled evolution of subglacial drainage and ice flow remains challenging, however. This study i…

From Public Weather Images to House-Scale Convective Nowcasting: A Latency-Aware, Multi-Source Fusion and Alerting Syst…

Short-range convective warning systems are usually evaluated as gridded meteorological products, but many real decisions are point decisions: whether a specific place will be affe…

An efficient method for deriving volatility basis sets from thermodenuder and particle levitation data.

Deriving a volatility basis set (VBS) from measurements of particle evaporation in a thermodenuder or single-particle levitation apparatus has traditionally relied on repeated num…

PIKART Version 1.1: Release Notes

The PIK Atmospheric River Trajectories (PIKART) catalog is a global, high-resolution catalog of atmospheric rivers (ARs). Version 1.1 (v1.1) addresses two algorithmic bugs present…

A scoping review to map research gaps and opportunities relating to heat-related health hazards in countries surroundin…

Urban populations in sub-Saharan Africa are at rising risks of climate-related health hazards due to global climate change and uncontrolled rapid urbanization. Despite the increas…

Novel Data-driven High-Frequency Mass Change Models from GRACE orbit residuals

We present a fully data-driven framework for transforming residual K-band range-rate (KBRR) data from GRACE into 5-day mass change models expressed in Equivalent Water Height (EWH…

Historical biogeography of Middle-East mangroves: paleobotanical evidence

This paper reconstructs the origin, diversification, and decline of Middle East (ME) mangroves from the Late Cretaceous to the present using the MESMA database, a comprehensive co…

High-resolution monthly sectoral water demands for the U.S. over 1980-2100

U.S. water demand varies sharply by sector and region as land use, population, weather patterns, and economic activity co-evolve. High-resolution water demand data are required to…

The influence of speed and scale of carbon dioxide removal on overshoot peak temperature and duration

CO2 emissions are pushing global temperatures higher, with the Paris Agreement temperature target of limiting warming to no more than 1.5°C above the preindustrial average likely …

Reactive soil inputs during high-flow events decouple carbon chemistry and CO2 evasion in a granitic headwater stream

Quantifying CO2 dynamics in low-alkalinity headwater streams is challenging because thermodynamically based evaluations of pCO2 and CO2 fluxes (FCO2) assume coherent DIC-alkalinit…

Shifting Patterns of Summer Humid Heatwaves Highlight Growing Threat over South Asia and Middle East–North Africa

Humid heatwaves (HHWs), marked by elevated heat−high moisture compounding, are increasingly concerning for sustainable development in South-Asia (SAS) and the Middle East–North Af…

Future hydrology of a Himalayan basin shaped by elevation dependent shifts in water balance components

Mountainous basins in the Himalayas serve as critical ``water towers'' sustaining downstream livelihoods, yet their hydrological response to climate change is complex due to extre…

Metabolic retraction and virulence expansion in a tropical urban river microbiome under dry-season stress

Anthropogenic pollution and seasonal flow reduction concentrate untreated organic waste in tropical rivers, yet the coupled response of microbial metabolism and virulence gene rep…

Satellite-Based Clustering of Pre-Monsoon Wildfires and Variability of Tropospheric NO₂ and CO in Nepal

Nepal's pre-monsoon season transforms the country's southern lowlands into one of South Asia's most active wildfire landscapes. However, spatially explicit assessments of wildfire…

Seeing Cities in Depth: Subsurface Urban Expansion and the Case for Volumetric Monitoring and Accountability

Urban science can measure surface and aboveground change with increasing precision. Satellites, building-footprint datasets, and emerging three-dimensional products now track urba…

A Rotating Air-Ring Model for Atmospheric Vortices and a Peripheral Drag Concept for Tornado Mitigation

This study introduces Latent Angular Momentum (LAM) as a heuristic parameter for understanding the intensification of rotating atmospheric vortices. Using a simplified air-ring mo…

Carbon Dioxide Removal Supply Curves: A Multi-Model Assessment

Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) is widely recognised as essential for pathways consistent with the Paris Climate Agreement. Yet the cost-dependent potential of CDR options, given res…

Dress Rehearsal: 2023 El Niño Anticipatory Action Somalia, in the Shadow of 1997

In 2023 Somalia saw the largest-ever scale of anticipatory action (AA) linked to a seasonal forecast. $24m was spent on preparedness and early response, based on forecasted floodi…

Mangrove Loss and Growing Coastal Flood Exposure in East Malaysia: A Multi-Decadal Analysis with Sea Level Rise Project…

Mangrove forests provide critical coastal flood protection, yet their ongoing loss in combination with sea level rise creates a compounding exposure dynamic that remains poorly qu…

When the Comparison Is the Problem: Spatial Resolution and Validation Bias in InSAR-Derived Coastal Subsidence Assessme…

Li et al. (2026) compare two InSAR-derived surface-elevation change datasets for the central U.S. Gulf Coast and conclude that InSAR is unreliable in vegetated coastal settings fo…

A satellite-monitoring research agenda for urban stormwater infrastructure: capabilities, gaps, and a community-benchma…

Urban stormwater best management practices (BMPs) are a core component of urban-resilience portfolios worldwide. Per-asset performance monitoring, however, is both limited and dif…

Subsurface advective flow unveils the architecture of Earth’s crustal biosphere

The subsurface biosphere is one of Earth’s largest microbial reservoirs, yet its spatial extent remains poorly constrained due to limited direct access. Here we propose using the …

A Unified Treatment of SKS Splitting and Surface-Wave Anisotropy for Media with Arbitrary Elastic Symmetry

Observations of SKS splitting and surface-wave azimuthal anisotropy are two of the primary geophysical constraints on crust and upper-mantle anisotropy, yet the two methods often …

High-resolution pavement material data can improve estimates of water supply from precipitation to street trees

Impervious surfaces in urban landscapes strongly influence how precipitation supplies water to trees. Most data on imperviousness are satellite derived restricting our ability to …

Effects of loading schemes in volumetric simulations of sequences of earthquakes and aseismic slip (SEAS) in subduction…

State-of-the-art simulations of sequences of earthquakes and aseismic slip (SEAS) require realistic loading conditions and physics-based constitutive laws to produce the full spec…

Coseismic uplift as strandplain-building mechanism: morphodynamic and stratigraphic evidence from the 2010 Maule earthq…

Coseismic uplift along convergent margins drives rapid coastal progradation, yet its short-term morpho-stratigraphic response remains poorly documented at human timescales. Here w…

Detection, Classification, and Characterization of Compound Coastal Flooding along the Gulf and Southeastern U.S. Coasts

Compound coastal flooding, driven by the concurrent or sequential exceedance of storm surge and river discharge thresholds, poses disproportionate risk to Gulf and Southeast US co…

Simulations of Minnesota water budget components using the Soil-Water-Balance model, past (1981–2022) and future (2040–…

This study presents historical estimates and future projections of net infiltration (potential recharge), actual evapotranspiration (ET), surface runoff, and related water budget …

Surface Infrared Forcing as a Primary Driver of Contemporary Global Warming: A Synthesis of Biophysical, Spectral, and …

The prevailing attribution of observed global warming to the radiative forcing of well-mixed greenhouse gases — principally CO₂ — rests on a framework that systematically underrep…

Floods as a window of opportunity: When and why extreme events trigger adaptation

Disasters can open windows of opportunity for climate adaptation—moments when heightened public attention makes it possible to advance policies and measures that would otherwise s…

Uncovering a hidden resource for wildfire resilience: groundwater governance solutions to social-ecological challenges …

Wildfires are intensifying worldwide and increasingly threaten cities and communities in the wildland–urban interface. While attention has focused on forests, fuels, and firefight…

Long-term magma recharge episodes recorded in plagioclase zoning in the Okama pyroclastics at Zao Volcano, northeastern…

Mafic magma recharge into shallow plumbing systems is one of the most important processes for remobilizing crystal mush-dominated magma reservoirs, eventually triggering eruptions…

Integrative Biodiversity Science Informing Transformative Multiscale Governance through Diversifying Values of Nature i…

• Improved use of scenarios and models can contribute to enhancing the achievement of the Global Biodiversity Framework through more systemic approaches (e.g., causality framework…

A Low-Cost In-Silico Geological Assessment Workflow for Two IOCG-Style Targets with Mixed Iron-Oxide Surface Expression…

This study presents a low-cost, in-silico geological assessment workflow for early-stage mineral exploration under minimal-data conditions, with particular relevance for artisanal…

Automated GIS-Based Hydrological Modeling Framework for Flood Hydrograph Estimation in Ungauged Mediterranean Catchment…

The estimation of design flood hydrographs in ungauged Mediterranean catchments remains a persistent challenge for hydrological engineering, flood hazard assessment, and territori…

A Fibonacci-Like Propagation Graph for Infiltration and Internal Erosion in Heterogeneous Layered Soils

Infiltration and internal erosion in heterogeneous layered soils involve coupled flow, pressure build-up, and material degradation across preferential subsurface pathways. High-fi…

Impacts of Potential Solar Radiation Modification: Systematic Review Reveals Challenges and Opportunities

Solar radiation modification (SRM) is a proposed temporary intervention to limit global warming while mitigation efforts continue. Understanding its potential consequences for hum…

Spatially Distributed Land-Use Efficiency Assessment under SDG Indicator 11.3.1: The Case of Greater Manila Area, Phili…

Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Indicator 11.3.1 assesses urban land-use efficiency (LUE) through the relationship between land consumption rate (LCR) and population growth rat…

ADMM-Guided Physics-Informed Deep Learning for Two-Dimensional Acoustic Impedance Inversion with Reweighted ℓ1 Sparse R…

Acoustic impedance inversion is ill-posed because post-stack seismic data are band-limited and noisy. Reweighted ℓ1 sparse inversion sharpens impedance boundaries but, applied tra…

Exact solutions for ice flow across the no-slip to free-slip transition

The downhill flow of a viscous ice stream across a no-slip to free-slip transition remains elusive to exact solutions due to the existence of singularities. Here we replace the po…

Two decades of kilometer-scale daily PM2.5 from satellite observations and machine learning reveal geographically diver…

Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a major contributor to global burden of disease, yet air quality data remain sparse in many low- and middle-income countries, limiti…

Beyond Techno-Centered Decarbonization Roadmaps: Designing Demand-Side Pathways for Sustainable Mobility

Decarbonization roadmaps for the automobile sector predominantly rely on supply-side improvements and electrification, yet their ability to deliver the required environmental redu…

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