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In 2019, the official delimitation of the Brazilian biomes was updated to a considerably more detailed description compared to the previous definition that lasted 15 years. This w…

Ion chromatography using the IonPac AS 11 HC analytical column, a 3.0 mM NaOH eluent, and a conductivity detector offers a straightforward, cost-effective, and rapid method for qu…

Microbial metabolisms underpin geochemical cycling in nearly all of the Earth's biosphere. Anaerobic pathways of carbon mineralization by iron and sulfate reduction and methanogen…

As countries race to decarbonize, green hydrogen has emerged as a crucial clean energy transformation vehicle. In Sub-Saharan Africa, sufficient biomass resource potential exists …

Abstract Precise determination of earthquake size is cru cial for various geoscientific and engineering applications. The Moment Magnitude (Mw) scale, introduced by Kan amori in…

Jordan currently lacks a comprehensive national methane inventory with uncertainty analysisthat integrates multi-sectoral sources, future projections, and mitigation pathways. Thi…

Household greywater, comprising wastewater from laundry, kitchen, and bathroom activities, poses significant environmental and public health challenges in peri-urban communities w…

The Flexible Combined Imager on the Meteosat Third Generation (MTG-FCI) provides geostationary observations over Europe and Africa, the Middle East, and parts of South America, an…

We demonstrate a method for the prediction of seismic discontinuity topography from thermochemical Mantle Circulation Models (MCMs). We find the discontinuity depth by using the p…

A highly realistic techno-economic analysis (TEA) was developed to assess the cost of production (COP, US $ per fresh tonne kelp) for large-scale kelp aquaculture. The TEA resolve…

This study analyzes temperature anomalies to compare Nepal’s local trends with global patterns using Berkeley Earth data. Techniques like regression, Gaussian fitting, interpolati…

The artificial historical Lake Lorsch (1474/79 to 1718/20 CE) in the northeastern Upper Rhine Graben (Germany) is known from various historical sources, e.g. for fish farming, as …

Climate change presents significant threats to the sustainability of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) systems, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Howev…

Biogeochemical changes associated with Deccan volcanism and their potential link to the K/Pg extinction event are still debated in Palaeoclimate research. Contemporary terrestrial…

Quantitative knowledge of sulfur speciation in the fluid phase is key to understanding sulfur degassing from magmas and its transfer along with metals by fluids across the lithosp…

Reconstructing high-quality daily precipitation series is essential for climate studies, hydrological modeling, and environmental applications. This work presents a new version of…

The hypothesis that most of modern warming is geomagnetically driven is tested and shown to be correct. Models employing single and multiple geomagnetic parameters including bot…

Facies classification plays a critical role in characterizing subsurface heterogeneity and supporting effective reservoir development. Traditional methods, which often rely on cor…

The Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary, situated in Uttarakhand, India, is a critical hub of ecological diversity and ecosystem services. However, rapid land use and land cover (LULC) t…

Traditional Water Harvesting Systems (TWHS) are critical for water security in arid regions like Jodhpur district, Rajasthan, India, yet their contemporary efficacy and climate re…

This study shows how a method of calculating the coordinates of the centroid of discrete points on a sphere can be generalized to determine the centroid of areas on a sphere by mi…

Measurement-based methane emissions inventories are essential for U.S. oil and natural gas operators to track their progress toward emissions targets, demonstrate the impact of im…

The evolution of net-erosional fluvial landscapes is often treated separately from net-depositional fluvial landscapes, using different methods and different data input. Yet these…

Accurate thunderstorm prediction is essential for safeguarding public safety and optimizing resource management, particularly in increasingly unpredictable weather patterns. This …

Abstract: The assessment of landslide susceptibility holds significant importance in disaster risk reduction. This study comprehensively examines the current research on landslide…

Due to the dearth of rock records during the Hadean, little is known about early crustal chemistry and geodynamics. Here, we present zircon trace and rare earth element and Lu-Hf …

This field report details the environmental dynamics of the Chiricahua Mountains in SE Arizona. Adding to the previous 2022-2023 field report, these observations begin with the i…

Tectonic plate motion is a cornerstone of the physical theory of plate tectonics, yet our understanding of lithospheric kinematics increasingly depends on the framework in which m…

Burkina Faso is actively working to establish a climate transparency framework, as required by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This involves de…

Screenhouse farming demonstrates remarkable water-use efficiency, requiring only 7.00 liters per kg for cabbage, 3.58 liters/kg for lettuce, and 2.38 liters/kg for spinach, a sign…

The 2025 Mw 7.8 earthquake on the central Sagaing Fault is one of the most destructive seismic events in Myanmar's recorded history, producing near-fault shaking exceeding Modifie…

Polynyas, thin-ice or open water regions within the sea ice, have regularly been observed in the Arctic since satellite observations began in the 1970s. Their opening, in response…

The Elster-Pleiße floodplain south of Leipzig has undergone significant hydromorphological changes over the past centuries, influenced by both natural processes and anthropogenic …

Coral reefs have experienced widespread and accelerated decline in the last decades, that was driven by a combination of global and local anthropogenic stressors. To contextualize…

Efforts to assess climate resilience in low-income countries (LICs) are often hampered by fragmented data systems and analytical silos between national and local scales. This stud…

Melt inclusions provide valuable insights into magmatic systems, allowing the study of otherwise inaccessible melts. Trapped volatile contents, commonly in the form of bubbles wit…

This study presents a comprehensive geospatial and geophysical workflow designed to develop a detailed rock density model for Ireland. The methodology integrates image-based class…

Moist convection is a fundamental process occurring in the Earth's atmosphere. It plays a central role in the weather and climate of the tropics where, to first order, the heating…

Causes of the Little Ice Age (LIA) have remained a subject of intensive research due to its significance. The causes of the LIA have been largely speculative; however, recent stud…

Agrivoltaic (APV) systems, which co-locate photovoltaic (PV) panels with agricultural production, have emerged as a promising strategy to simultaneously address water, energy, and…

This study investigates single-phase fluid flow in porous media using advanced numerical methods, with a focus on pore-scale dynamics, to address the limitations of traditional mo…

Marine fuel oil (MFO) spills in tropical coastal environments are under-characterized despite increasing risk from maritime activities. Microbial and geochemical responses to the …

Effective flood management requires a robust understanding of past floods. In India, such understanding is largely limited to case studies due to the absence of a standardized obs…

Detecting and quantifying greenhouse gas emissions from individual sites by satellite remote sensing has emerged as a powerful new method in recent years. As more and more players…

Some intertidal corals, known as microatolls, have a distinct morphology that reflects changes in local relative sea level. While past observations have shown that the top surface…

The development and adoption of climate services is a dynamic process requiring integration and social acceptance. This study explores how innovative approaches to climate service…

When standing water mixes with wastewater, it can create serious public health and environmental concerns. This scenario is particularly dangerous in densely populated urban areas…

Exponential buildup of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in landfills accounting for 60% of the 292.4 million tons, presents a major environmental challenge. This leads to ecological di…

Climate change poses significant risks to agriculture, especially in agro-dependent, climate-vulnerable regions and states of India. This study applies a machine learning-based Lo…

An important impact of global warming in nature is the decline of ecological functions such as primary production, habitat provision, and carbon sequestration. These functions can…