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Showing 39501 to 39550 of 59105 works
Water recharge, hydrological processes, and surface water quality through Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) in streams of th…
In the Ilaló volcano, water supplied the Valle de los Chillos and Tumbaco to the south of the capital of Ecuador. Mamatena and Kanguil Uku are two water sources, and for approxima…
A Sensitivity Analysis Approach to Identifying Drivers of Streamflow Hysteresis
We study the critical interplay between streamflow hysteresis and local hydro-morphologic conditions. Hysteresis strength, which can lead to over 60% errors in discharge estimatio…
Do Coupled Megathrusts Rupture?
Megathrust earthquakes are among the most destructive and least predictable natural hazards. Kinematic geodetic coupling models, which identify regions of the plate interface wher…
Surface tension estimation of bubble nuclei in magma using spinodal pressure and nonclassical nucleation theory
Efforts to estimate the magma decompression rate from the vesicular texture of volcanic products have progressed through the development of theoretical models and laboratory exper…
Insights from the Unseen - Occlusion in Forest Laser Scanning
Laser scanning is a powerful tool for assessing the structural complexity of forests and its role in ecosystem processes and functioning. Laser scans are however highly affected b…
SWOT Satellite Altimetry Observations and Source Model for the Tsunami from the 2025 M8.8 Kamchatka Earthquake
On 29 July 2025 a Mw 8.8 earthquake struck off Kamchatka, Russia generating a Pacific-wide tsunami and marking the largest earthquake since the launch of the SWOT satellite in 202…
Planetary analog sites in the Indian subcontinent and the Indian Ocean: Underexplored environments suited for astrobiol…
A central objective of astrobiology is to evaluate the habitability of other planetary bodies, and given the high cost and logistical complexity of space missions, preliminary inv…
Satellite-Derived Approaches for Coal Mine Methane Estimation: A Re-view
Methane emissions from coal mines, especially surface operations, are spatially diffuse, presenting signif-icant challenges for accurate quantification. Satellites such as TROPOMI…
Paleoecology indicates wave climate as key factor in coral reef development
The Last Interglacial (∼125,000 years ago) experienced global temperatures warmer than today, making it a natural analog for future climate scenarios. Contemporary coral reefs pre…
Open ocean biogeochemical impacts of extreme terrestrial precipitation
Extreme events reshape ocean ecosystems with significant implications for nutrient and carbon cycling. Here, we demonstrate that flooding on land can be a significant driver of bi…
A Critical Review of Nature-Based Solutions for Enhancing Climate Resilience and Water Security in Mountain Ecosystems
Mountain ecosystems, functioning as indispensable "water towers," face escalating threats from climate change, land degradation, and water insecurity, jeopardizing the livelihoods…
Impact of Land Use and Land Cover Changes on Ecosystem Services: A Multi-Module InVEST-LCM Analysis
Land use and land cover (LULC) dynamics influence ecological processes and the provision of essential ecosystem services (ESs). So, understanding how LULC changes influence ESs is…
Community Heat Flow Recommendations: Suitable Basal Boundary Conditions for Greenland and Antarctica in ISMIP7
Geothermal heat flow (GHF) influences ice-sheet thermal conditions, affecting ice flow by sliding and deformation. However, GHF distribution under polar ice-sheets remains poorly …
The implications of overshooting 1.5°C on Earth system tipping elements - a review
Due to insufficient emission reductions in recent years, it is increasingly likely that global warming will exceed the 1.5 °C temperature limit in the coming decades. As a result,…
Cadmium (Cd) Contamination in Soil, Leachate, and Air at Sukawinatan Landfill, Palembang, Indonesia: A Risk Assessmen…
The Sukawinatan Landfill in Palembang operates using an open dumping system, posing a potential risk of environmental contamination by the heavy metal cadmium (Cd). This study aim…
The Structure, Composition, and Health of Remnant Forest Vegetation of West Timor, Indonesia
Aims: The forest of West Timor has been cleared for different purposes for decades, leaving only small patches of remnant forest vegetation. Understanding tree-shrub composition a…
Estimation of Land Surface Temperature Using LANDSAT 8 Satellite Data of Panchkula District, Haryana
Land surface temperature (LST) represents hotness of the surface of the Earth at a particular location. Land surface temperature is useful for meteorological, climatological chang…
AI-Powered Flood Risk Assessment for Gilgit-Baltistan Using Multi-Source Satellite Data and Machine Learning
Flood disasters are intensifying worldwide due to climate change, with mountainous regions among the most vulnerable yet least studied. This paper presents an AI-powered flood ris…
Constraining On- and Off-Fault Nonlinear Dynamic Rupture Parameters via Hierarchical Bayesian Inversion for the 2019 Mw…
We present the first multilevel Bayesian inversion to quantify uncertainties and correlations among on- and off-fault dynamic rupture parameters for the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest ear…
Understanding and addressing temperature impacts on mortality
A large literature documents how ambient temperature affects human mortality. Using decades of detailed data from 30 countries, we revisit and synthesize key findings from this li…
Beyond the mangroves: a global synthesis of tidal forested wetland types, drivers and future information opportunities
There is increasing awareness of the global diversity of tidal forested wetlands (TFWs) and their significance in the provision of ecosystem services. These ecosystems, including …
Unreliable Results of a Commercial Real-Time Water Quality Sensor in Identifying Fecal Contamination of Drinking Water
Low-cost technologies are increasingly being explored and marketed as capable of filling gaps in global water quality monitoring (WQM), especially in resource-limited settings. Th…
Machine Learning Generated Streamflow Drought Forecasts for the Conterminous United States (CONUS): Developing and Eval…
Forecasts of streamflow drought, when streamflow declines below typical levels, are notably less available than for floods or meteorological drought, despite widespread impacts. T…
Minkowski Functionals as Analytical Predictors of Permeability in Porous Microstructures
Understanding the relationship between microstructure and macroscopic properties in porous media remains crucial for numerous applications in geoscience and engineering. For examp…
Detection of coastal flooding with TinyCamML: a low-cost, privacy-preserving cellular-connected camera with onboard ML
Chronic flooding is an issue for low-lying coastal communities globally, and it is expected to worsen with rising sea levels. In contrast to floods driven by extreme storms, predi…
Spatiotemporal Urban Flood Expansion and Propagation by Percentage of Node in Flood Assessment (PNFA)
Urban pluvial flooding is a complex process shaped by rainfall intensity, drainage system capacity, and urban infrastructure. While previous studies have mapped flood extents, the…
Global hyper-resolution groundwater dataset for assessing historical and future groundwater dynamics
Sustainable management of global groundwater is a key societal challenge and central to Sustainable Development Goals. To address limited observations and coarse global models, we…
Support for Forest Conservation Imperatives: A Robust Approach for Multi-dimensional, Spatially Explicit Resilience Ass…
Forest ecosystems are ecologically, socially, and culturally valuable, and are arguably considered essential to global sustainability. Climate change and altered disturbance regim…
Nonlinear longitudinal stress coupling in glacier and ice sheet flow
The Greenland and Antarctic Ice sheets exhibit high variability in flow speed, over multiple orders of magnitude. Faster flow in ice streams, marine terminating glaciers, and ice …
Breaking the Cycle: Short Recurrence and Overshoot of an M9-class Kamchatka Earthquake
M9-class megathrust earthquakes in subduction zones are generally thought to release slip deficits on the plate interface accumulated over centuries. However, the 2025 Kamchatka e…
Efficient Self-Attention Based Joint Optimization for Lithology and Petrophysical Parameter Estimation in the Athabasca…
Accurately identifying lithology and petrophysical parameters, such as porosity and water saturation, are essential in reservoir characterization. Manual interpretation of well-lo…
FLOCCULATION, GRAVITY FLOWS, AND TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON HOTSPOTS IN LAKE: INSIGHTS FROM FLUME EXPERIMENTS
Lakes serve as one of the significant sinks for organic carbon. For lake deposits, it is generally accepted that water depth is a primary control on the spatial distribution of to…
DOZER: a toy model of coastal hazard mitigation during a storm
Motivated by observations of emergency road-maintenance crews in coastal settings, DOZER is a video game in which the player uses a bulldozer to clear sand from a beachfront road …
Evidence for seawater Mg/Ca and dietary control on Mg incorporation in oyster shells
The Mg/Ca ratio in bivalve shells has been investigated as a promising proxy for temperature reconstruction of the seawater. However, important discrepancies exist among the Mg/Ca…
The Shapes and Sizes of Macroplastics and Other Litter in Rivers
Limited data exists on physical and geometric properties of river litter. To resolve this, we reveal the physical-structural relationships of river litter, using two of the most c…
Adverse Climate: Addressing Inclusion and Diversity Issues in the IPCC's Sixth Assessment and beyond
In this essay, we reflect on what it means for the scientific community to collaborate effectively in global scientific assessments, drawing on our experience within the Intergove…
Evaluating the potential of SMART subsea cable pressure sensors to constrain Subpolar North Atlantic circulation variab…
Bolstering global ocean observing infrastructure is critical for understanding, quantifying, and predicting Earth's climate variability and change. The emerging SMART (Science Mon…
Coastal groundwater level trends reveal global susceptibility to seawater intrusion
Coastal groundwater is a vital freshwater source threatened by overabstraction and sea-level rise, yet global patterns of declining groundwater levels (GWLs) and susceptibility to…
A Hybrid Iron/Green-Rust-Urea Model for Prebiotic Chemistry: A Synthesis of Testable Pathways for Planetary Astrobiol…
We propose a quantitative, testable framework for abiogenesis that links submarine alkaline vents, which supply H₂, ΔpH, and Fe/Fe–S catalysis, to subaerial hot-spring fields tha…
Exomorphic Catalysis: A Discipline Dedicated to Energetic Disequilibria and the Activation of Life-Potential in Non-Ter…
This white paper introduces exomorphic catalysis as a proposed discipline distinct from astrobiology and planetary engineering. Exomorphic catalysis investigates catalytic process…
South Atlantic Anomaly Influence on Jet‑Stream Dynamics and Surface Climate
This work proposes a novel causal framework for recent climate change, departing fundamentally from greenhouse-gas-centric models. The central hypothesis is that the primary drive…
Massive High-Fidelity Focal Mechanisms Reveal Detailed Structure of Re-Activated Faults During Hydraulic Fracturing in …
Microseismic focal mechanism solutions (FMSs) are essential for understanding reservoir stress changes and rock fracturing during hydraulic fracturing. While machine learning has …
Hydrologic Implications for Seasonally Draining Lakes in the Central Oregon Cascades
The hydrogeology of volcanic terrain exhibits characteristics that reflect both a legacy of volcanic construction and transient evolution of bedrock hydraulic conductivity on mill…
Economic and Environmental Comparison of Open Field and Screenhouse Vegetable Farming in Nigeria
This study compares screenhouse, rainfed, and irrigated vegetable farming systems in Northwest Nigeria, focusing on their economic and environmental performance. Screenhouse farmi…
Stress interactions between earthquakes and volcanoes in South Iceland: Application to Eyjafjallajökull and Katla
South Iceland contains some of Iceland´s best-known volcanoes (Hekla, Katla, and Eyjafjallajökull) as well as one of its two main seismic zones, namely the South Iceland Seismic Z…
Lorenz Energy Cycle Climatology for the Southwestern Atlantic Cyclones
This study presents a climatological assessment of the Lorenz Energy Cycle (LEC) applied to South Atlantic cyclones, using a Semi-Lagrangian framework. Over 6,700 cyclones were id…
Sudden freshening and cooling of western North Atlantic slope water at the onset of the Little Ice Age based on Magnesi…
The Little Ice Age (LIA, ~1400–1850 CE) was characterized by colder winters and more frequent extreme weather events in the Northern Hemisphere. While changes in ocean circulation…
Abrupt stream acidification and metal mobilization linked to permafrost degradation
Stream chemistry and ecosystem function are being transformed by abrupt climate-driven acceleration of sulfide-mineral oxidation in permafrost-underlain headwater catchments of th…
A Superflare and Geomagnetic Excursion as the Triggers for the Younger Dryas Climatic Event and Terminal Pleistocene Ex…
The onset of the Younger Dryas (YD) stadial at ~12,850 cal. yr BP remains one of the most abrupt climatic transitions in the geologic record, coinciding with megafaunal extinction…
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