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Showing 39451 to 39500 of 59105 works
Coral reef and mangrove interplay during Mid- and Late-Holocene sea-level changes in Belitung Island, Indonesia
Coral reefs and mangrove forests are susceptible coastal ecosystems, particularly in light of intense human-induced pressures, including the anticipated sea-level rise in the 21st…
Vector Graphics-Based Geospatial Contour Maps: A Web-Native Interactive Approach for Modern Geospatial Data Science App…
Visualizing scalar fields (e.g., temperature, precipitation etc.) on the web is often done via pre‑rendered raster tiles. While simple to serve and fast to access, rasters limit i…
Reframing natural organic matter research through compositional data analysis
Compositional data (CoDa) are prevalent in environmental research. They represent parts of a whole, such as percentages, proportions, and relative or absolute abundance. They are …
WS3: An open-source Python framework for integrated simulation and optimization of forest landscape and wood supply sys…
Transparent decision support for forest landscapes demands integrated scheduling, carbon account-ing, and spatial reporting. WS3 is an open-source Python framework that unifies mo…
Nutrition in Abrupt Sunlight Reduction Scenarios: analysis and prevention of malnutrition in low-income regions
Purpose: An abrupt sunlight reduction scenario (ASRS) can be triggered by a nuclear war, a large volcanic eruption, or an asteroid strike, resulting in global agricultural collaps…
Paleobathymetric trends in Northern Hemisphere calcareous nannoplankton “boom-bust” successions following the Cretaceou…
The Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) bolide impact ~66 Ma caused the near-demise of calcareous nannoplankton – key primary producers and major components of the biological pump that ex…
Dense neural network outperforms other machine learning models for scaling-up lichen cover maps in Eastern Canada
Lichen mapping is vital for caribou management plans and sustainable land conservation. Previous studies have used random forest, dense neural network, and convolutional neural ne…
Variational numerical-modelling strategies for the simulation of driven free-surface waves
A new tool is developed for simulating three-dimensional (3D) water-wave motion using the first fully variational 3D discretisation in space and time of Luke's variational princip…
Reconstructing Nineteenth-Century River Water Levels with Transformer-Based Computer Vision
Nineteenth-century Bavarian Danube gauge charts (1826–1894) were converted into daily water-level series referenced to gauge zero through a semi-automated workflow combining light…
Global Biosphere Productivity Response to Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation Collapse During Heinrich Stadial 4
The slowdown of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) due to ongoing climate change raises concerns about its impact on the global carbon cycle. Understanding how…
Informing landfill emission reporting programs through remote sensing
Landfills are a significant source of global methane emissions. To quantify and track emissions from these sources over time, jurisdictions and industry experts generally use emis…
A City Under Heat: Assessing urban heat island impacts on mortality risk from non-communicable diseases in metropolitan…
Urban heat island (UHI) has been recognized as a serious health threat in urban cities worldwide, which can contribute to thermal discomfort, and a range of morbidity and mortalit…
Toward Greater Clarity: Reanalyzing Solomon’s Depiction of the Ross Ice Shelf Atmospheric Dynamic
In the final chapters of The Coldest March: Scott's Fatal Antarctic Expedition, Dr. Susan Solomon analyzes the meteorological conditions surrounding the last blizzard that claimed…
Tides of change: an exploratory qualitative study on the health risks of an AMOC collapse in Europe, with a focus on Ge…
This qualitative study examines the potential health and societal impacts of an Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) collapse on European populations, with a particu…
Curlew 1.0: Spatio-temporal implicit geological modelling with neural fields in python
We present curlew, an open-source python package for structural geological modelling using neural fields. This modelling framework incorporates various local constraints (value, g…
Seismicity Migration from Fluid Injection: Laboratory Experiments and Numerical Models Illuminate Volume-Driven versus …
Fluid injection into the subsurface can induce seismicity by reactivating shear rupture, which typically produces larger earthquake magnitudes than tensile rupture. In laboratory …
Formation and fluxes of natural hydrogen in the crust and upper mantle
Molecular hydrogen (H2) is a fundamental component of planetary evolution and an important energy source for microbial life. It is now understood that natural mechanisms, spanning…
Steep nested clinoforms in the mixed siliciclastic-carbonate Sobrarbe Deltaic Complex (Eocene, Aínsa Basin, Spain)
This study investigates the processes controlling the development of nested clinoforms in outcrops of the Eocene Sobrarbe Deltaic Complex of the Aínsa Basin, highlighting their si…
Vegetable supply to Tokyo disrupted by 2023 and 2024 summer heatwaves
Understanding the impacts on urban food supply from extreme climate events is a first step towards building climate-resilient agri-food systems. Here, we report on vegetable suppl…
No evidence for a 10-m historical tectonic uplift at Mangalia, (Romanian Black Sea coast): Comment on Drăgușin et al. …
Drăgușin et al. (2025) interpreted deposits at Mangalia (Romania) as evidence of a two-phase tectonic event (~14 m subsidence and uplift) during the 18th–19th centuries. Based on …
Long-lived topography along rifted margins: Insights from Aparados da Serra escarpment, Southeast Brazil
The Brazilian margin is one of the longest elevated passive margins (EPMs) in the world. However, both the timing of uplift and the long-term evolution of this EPM remain highly d…
Seasonal ice dynamics control the timing of crevasse drainage at a fast-flowing outlet glacier
Crevasse field drainage transfers at least half of the seasonal runoff from the surface to the bed of the Greenland Ice Sheet, but the patterns of drainage are complex and spatio-…
Author citation metrics in paleontology: the h-index and the c-score
The “Stanford ranking” (SR) of standardized citation indicators calculates an individual scientist’s composite c-score, addressing limitations of the h-index. Updated annually, th…
Paleoclimate pattern effects help constrain climate sensitivity and 21st-century warming
Abstract: Paleoclimates provide examples of past climate change that inform estimates of modern warming from greenhouse-gas emissions, known as Earth's climate sensitivity. Howeve…
Contrasting patterns of deforestation and reforestation in India’s tropical dry woodlands
Tropical dry woodlands are key ecosystems for global biodiversity, carbon storage, and forest-based livelihoods in some of the poorest regions of the world. Many of these woodland…
Peatland Mid-Infrared Database 1.0.0
Systematic collections of peat mid-infrared spectra and other peat properties are scarce, but useful to understand peat chemistry and develop spectral prediction models. The Peatl…
Methane and nitrous oxide concentrations and sea-air fluxes in western Long Island Sound, a eutrophic urban estuary: Ho…
Western Long Island Sound is a seasonally hypoxic urban estuary undergoing anthropogenic change, which may influence concentrations and emissions of the potent greenhouse gases me…
Database of Generated Rock Microstructures and their computed Geometrical and Hydraulic properties
There is a strong link between a material’s microstructural features and its macroscopic physical properties. However, heterogeneities in real-world rock microstructures often res…
Geochronology of Taung and other southern African australopiths
One century after the Taung juvenile’s discovery, its age and that of many other southern African australopiths remains unknown. This lack of accurate geochronological constraints…
Transformer Assisted U-Net for Marine Litter Detection on Sentinel-2 Imagery
The contamination of marine environments with man-made litter is a growing nation-wide concern. Satellite imagery combined with deep learning–based detection models has emerged as…
A Field Study on Background Radiation Variability with Elevation in Eastern Nepal
This research investigates how environmental radioactivity varies with altitude in the diverse landscapes of Eastern Nepal. Employing two calibrated Geiger–Müller (GM) counters, b…
Ecosystem extent mapping in a global monitoring context
The vital role of ecosystems in maintaining biosphere stability is now recognised globally. Updates in policy frameworks on biodiversity and environmental decline include informat…
Accessible Climate and Impact Model Output for Studying the Human and Environmental Impacts of Nuclear Conflict
Nuclear winter refers to the suite of physical and biological consequences that may follow nuclear conflict, particularly the cooling and darkening of Earth’s surface due to black…
Unified Granular Intrusion Dynamics for Planetary Materials
Granular friction μ is a sensitive and poorly understood function of packing fraction ϕ. Every granular material has a distinct critical volume fraction ϕc that delineates two mec…
Worldwide inference of national methane emissions by inversion of satellite observations with UNFCCC prior estimates
Meeting climate policy goals to reduce methane emissions under the Paris Agreement and the Global Methane Pledge requires nations to set targets and quantify reductions. Individua…
Rapid increase of climate extremes across northern Amazonia
Amazonia’s exceptional biodiversity, cultural significance, and ecosystem services make it pivotal to global and regional sustainability. However, the region is increasingly threa…
Estimating Stability Constants and Entropy for Reactions Between Aqueous Metal Ions and Monovalent Oxygen-Bearing Ligan…
Linear free energy relations were obtained from existing experimental data and used to estimate stability constants for over 16,000 metal complexes with monovalent oxygen-bearing …
Climate Change Projections for the Central Peruvian Coast (2006–2100) Using CMIP5 Models: Agricultural Impacts and Impl…
We evaluated climatic data for the central coastal region of Peru (Lima) as simulated by the climate models used in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). The …
Biomineralisation for Sustainable Ecotoxic Metal Immobilisation via Enzyme Induced Carbonate Precipitation
Heavy metal contamination of water presents a critical global challenge driven by the persistence and toxicity of elements such as arsenic, cadmium and lead. Conventional remediat…
From Complex SDG Systems to Network Models: an Ontology-Based Eight-Step Framework
With only 18% of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on track for 2030, systems-based approaches to understanding their interdependencies are essential. Network science can revea…
Trees and Life, Heat and Death: Integrating Temperature and Green Spaces with Social Determinants of Health in Hamilton…
Objectives Climate change has wide-reaching implications for planetary and human health; one of its rising impacts is deaths related to extreme heat. This study attempts to integ…
Mechanisms of Lithospheric Dripping in Earth’s Convecting Mantle: Implications for Tectonic Switching
Gravity-driven dripping is a key recycling process of lithospheric materials into the underlying mantle reservoir. Here, we use 2D computational fluid dynamic (CFD) thermo-chemica…
Development of a Coupled Hydro-Economic Model to Support Groundwater Irrigation Decisions
Groundwater sustains global agriculture but faces significant pressure from overexploitation, threatening long-term water security. Achieving a balance between agricultural produc…
Coupling local perspectives with remotely sensed data to better understand small-scale tropical forest changes
Forests are essential for climate, biodiversity and society. Conserving or increasing forest cover is the focus of many national and international policies. Yet implementing such …
ClimActor 2.0: A spatialized database of subnational climate pledges and emissions data
ClimActor 2.0 is an open, spatialized database that compiles climate targets, action plans, and self-reported emission inventories from subnational governments, including cities, …
The African Transport Systems Database: an open geospatial database of multi-modal connected networks
We present the first comprehensive geolocated multi-modal transport database for the whole continent of Africa, the African Transport Systems Database (AfTS-Db), including road, r…
Machine learning predictions of summertime warming jumps on decadal timescales
Extreme events are responsible for some of the most severe impacts of climate change, but regional extreme event prediction remains a challenge as the events contain a large amoun…
Integrating Environmental Variables and Machine Learning for Wildfire Susceptibility Prediction in Portugal
Wildfires constitute a significant ecological disturbance within Mediterranean ecosystems, exerting profound effects on forest dynamics, biodiversity, and land management practice…
Restoration of forestry-drained oligotrophic peatlands can bring climate change mitigation within a few decades
Introduction: Assessment of climate mitigation of peatland restoration is urgently needed, but data on greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes from restored forestry-drained peatlands (FDP) i…
Detection of Point-Source Methane Enhancements from MethaneSAT Observations with Target-Driven Spectral Matching Algori…
Methane is a potent greenhouse gas with large emissions often arising from localized point sources in industrial facilities. MethaneSAT, launched in 2024, observes the 1598-1683 n…
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