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Showing 36451 to 36500 of 59105 works
rmacrostrat: An R package for accessing and retrieving data from the Macrostrat geological database
The geological record is a vast archive of information that provides the only empirical data about the evolution of the Earth. In recent years, concentrated efforts have been made…
Relating Multi-Scale Plume Detection and Area Estimates of Methane Emissions: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis
Methodologies for inferring surface emissions of atmospheric trace gases can be categorized into plume detection and area-scale estimation. Plume detections are observations of em…
Extreme warming of Amazon waters in a changing climate
In 2023, an unprecedented drought and heatwave severely impacted Amazon waters, leading to high mortality of fishes and river dolphins. Five of 10 lakes monitored showed exception…
Landscape response will reduce glacier sensitivity to climate change in High Mountain Asia
In High Mountain Asia (HMA) climate change threatens mountain water resources as glaciers melt, and the resulting changes in runoff and water availability are hypothesised to have…
Sensitivity of modelled mass balance and runoff to representations of debris and accumulation on the Kaskawulsh Glacier…
Runoff contributions from glacierized catchments are changing in response to accelerating mass loss. We reconstruct the 1980-2022 mass balance, runoff and water budget of the ~70%…
TROPICAL STORM SURGE: FORMATION, IMPACT, AND RECENT ADVANCES IN ITS PREDICTION TOWARDS DEVELOPING MITIGATION STRATEGIES
Tropical storm surge poses significant risks to coastal areas, necessitating precise prediction for effective emergency preparedness and mitigation. Recent advances in numerical m…
Ground Motion Characteristics of Subshear and Supershear Ruptures in the Presence of Sediment Layers
We investigate the impact of sediment layers on ground motion characteristics during subshear and supershear rupture growth. Our findings suggest that sediment layers may lead to …
Recent advances in the bioremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals
Due to the increase in the human population, environmental pollution has increased drastically. Heavy metal pollution of the soil is one of these factors. Because of their industr…
Equality, diversity and inclusion recommendations and best practice from NERC Doctoral Training Partnerships & Centers …
This report represents the collective voice of NERC DTPs & CDTs, demonstrating the reality of nurturing Diversity, Equality and Inclusion at the ground level from…
geodl: An R package for geospatial deep learning semantic segmentation using torch and terra
Convolutional neural network (CNN)-based deep learning (DL) methods have transformed the analysis of geospatial, Earth observation, and geophysical data due to their ability to mo…
On the Emergence of Tortured Phrases: A Threat to Scientific Integrity - The Example of 'Heavy Metal'
For some time, I have advocated for banning the term "heavy metal" from scientific literature due to its frequent misuse, suggesting "potentially toxic element" as a replacement. …
Amplifying Exploration of Regional Climate Risks: Clustering Future Projections on Regionally Relevant Impact Drivers N…
Climate impacts will continue to evolve over the coming decades, requiring regions worldwide to obtain actionable climate information. Global Climate Models (GCMs) are often used …
Frontiers in attributing climate extremes and associated impacts
The field of extreme event attribution (EEA) has rapidly developed over the last two decades. Various methods have been developed and implemented, physical modelling capabilities …
Volcanic arc structure controlled by liquid focusing from the slab — evidence from boron isotopes and trace elements
The rates and pathways of material transport from subducting plates to arc volcanoes control the long-term chemical evolution of the atmosphere, continents, and mantle. Arc magma …
HydroSignal: Open-Source Internet of Things Information Communication Platform for Hydrological Education and Outreach
This paper introduces HydroSignal, a low-cost, open-source platform designed to transform environmental monitoring and hydrological data visualization, making it accessible to edu…
Counting currents: resolving contradictory records of eruption history created by unsteady pyroclastic density current …
Ignimbrite lithofacies analysis can be used to interpret the number and behaviour of pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) generated during a Plinian eruption, through identificatio…
Modeling sediment compaction beneath ice lenses during frost heave
Frost heave occurs when the ground swells during freezing conditions due to the growth of ice lenses in the subsurface. The mechanics of ice-infiltrated sediment, or frozen fringe…
Rupture directivity from energy envelope deconvolution: theory and application to 69 Ridgecrest M 3.5–5.5 earthquakes
Earthquake rupture directivity impacts ground motions and provides important insights on fault zone properties and earthquake physics. However, measuring directivity of small eart…
Trace element and stable Sr isotope evidence for seamount-driven variations in subducted sediment and carbon recycling …
Subduction zone fluxes control the long-term evolution of Earth’s interior, surface reservoirs, and climate. Tobetter constrain these fluxes, we present new δ⁸⁸Sr measurements of …
Interdiffusion of major elements at 1 atmosphere between natural shoshonitic and rhyolitic melts
The diffusive mass exchange of eight major elements (Si, Ti, Al, Fe, Mg, Ca, Na, and K) between natural, nominally dry shoshonitic and rhyolitic melts was studied at atmospheric p…
Bridging the gap between SOLA and Deterministic Linear Inferences in the context of seismic tomography
Seismic tomography is routinely used to image the Earth's interior using seismic data. However, in practice, data limitations lead to discretised inversions or the use of regulari…
Coupled, decoupled, and abrupt responses of vegetation to climate across timescales
Climate and ecosystem dynamics vary across timescales, but research into climate-driven vegetation dynamics usually focuses on singular timescales. We develop a spectral analysis-…
Quantifying relationships between fault parameters and rupture characteristics associated with thrust and reverse fault…
We investigate the influence of earthquake source characteristics and geological site parameters on fault scarp morphologies for thrust and reverse fault earthquakes using geomech…
Skilful probabilistic predictions of UK floods months ahead using machine learning models trained on multimodel ensembl…
Seasonal streamflow forecasts are an important component of flood risk management. Hybrid forecasting methods that predict seasonal streamflow using machine learning models driven…
Fast and full characterization of large earthquakes from prompt elastogravity signals
Prompt ElastoGravity Signals (PEGS) are light-speed gravity-induced signals recorded by seismometers before the arrival of seismic waves. They have raised interest for early warni…
Interplay of slow-slip faults beneath Mexico City induces intense seismicity over months
In February 2023, a long seismic sequence began in western Mexico City causing widespread panic and some damage to housing infrastructure. On May 11 and December 14, two Mw3.2 mai…
Climate equivalence metrics for airline contrail mitigation
The aviation sector faces a significant challenge in mitigating climate change due to the dual impact of CO2 emissions and contrail formation. Contrails, which form under specific…
Pre-Cordilleran mantle metasomatism preserved in alkali basalts of Isla Isabel, México
The presence of HIMU (high-238U/204Pb) signatures in ocean island basalts has long been used to argue that ancient oceanic crust has been tectonically recycled into the mantle sou…
A non-equilibrium slurry model for planetary cores with application to Earth’s F-layer
Slurry regions may exist in the cores of several terrestrial bodies and are expected to influence the dynamics of deep planetary interiors and the viability of maintaining global …
Satellite survey sheds new light on global solid waste methane emissions
Anthropogenic methane emissions are the second most important contributor to climate change, and their rapid reductions could help decrease near-term warming. Solid waste emits me…
Evaluating the Flood Vulnerability of Urban Areas in Polk County, Iowa using Social-Ecological-Technological Framework
The escalating prominence of floods globally, with their catastrophic potential to inflict substantial losses in terms of both human lives and economic resources, underscores thei…
Excitable Dynamics of Neoproterozoic to Early Paleozoic Atmospheric and Ocean Oxygen
The geochemical carbon isotope and redox proxy record indicates that Earth’s surface oxygenation involved a prolonged period of extreme variability in atmospheric and oceanic oxyg…
Building quantitative skills with a simplified physical model of coastal storm deposition
This article describes an exercise for a physical laboratory experiment designed to enable physical geography students to practice transferrable quantitative skills through inquir…
Uranium-series isotopes as tracers of physical and chemical weathering in glacial sediments from Taylor Valley, Antarct…
The McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica formed by extensive glacial erosion, yet currently exhibit hyperarid polar conditions characterized by limited chemical and physical weatheri…
Micro-Scale Mapping of Soil Organic Carbon: The Potential of Soft X-Ray Spectromicroscopy
Soil organic carbon (SOC) plays a crucial role in soil fertility, productivity, and global carbon cycling. However, the mechanisms governing SOC persistence and turnover are not f…
Unraveling the crop yield response under ... through the deployment of a drought index
Extensive research has explored the impact of shading on vegetation growth and crop yield (CY) under agrivoltaic (APV) systems. These studies have revealed a notable connection be…
Mechanisms for upstream migration of firn aquifer drainage: preliminary observations of Helheim Glacier, Greenland
Surface meltwater can influence subglacial hydrology and ice dynamics if it reaches the ice sheet’s base. Firn aquifers store meltwater and drain into wide crevasses marking the a…
Increasingly seasonal jet stream raises risk of co-occurring flooding and extreme wind in Great Britain
Insurers and risk managers for critical infrastructure such as transport or power networks typically do not account for flooding and extreme winds happening at the same time in th…
Probability of Detection and Multi-Sensor Persistence of Methane Emissions from Coincident Airborne and Satellite Obser…
Satellites are becoming a widely used measurement tool for methane detection and quantification. The landscape of satellite instruments with some methane point-source quantificati…
Littoral activity in the lava deltas of 2021 eruption on Cumbre Vieja Volcanic Rift, La Palma (Canary Islands): constra…
Tephra jets are a characteristic explosive phenomenon of lava deltas built by pāhoehoe or ‘a‘ā lava flows. Field observations made during the growth of the 2021 South Lava Delta (…
A scalable monitoring framework for leaf area index and green area index using 30°-tilted cameras
• Leaf area index (LAI) and green area index (GAI) are fundamental plant traits. However, there is a lack of ground observation network for LAI/GAI due to technical limitations. H…
Machine Learning-based Hydrological Models for Flash Floods: A Systematic Literature Review
Flash floods are critical events for emergency management, yet their modeling remains highly challenging, even in smart cities approaches. Physically based hydrological models are…
A global open-source dataset of monthly irrigated and rainfed cropped areas (MIRCA-OS) for the 21st century
Crop production is among the most extensive human activities on the planet – with critical importance for global food security, land use, environmental burden, and climate. Yet de…
Food trade disruption after global catastrophes
The global food trade system is resilient to minor disruptions but vulnerable to major ones. Major shocks can arise from global catastrophic risks, such as abrupt sunlight reducti…
A Range of Management Strategies for Planted Pine Systems Yields Net Climate Benefits
Managed forests, including plantation systems, play a vital and often underappreciated role in contributing to the global carbon sink and mitigating climate change, and determinin…
Mantle avalanches in a Venus-like stagnant lid planet
Stagnant lid planets are characterized by a globe-encircling, conducting lid that is thick and strong, which leads to reduced global surface heat flows. Consequently, the mantles …
An Initial Approach of Multiple Linear Regression in CO2-water Relative Permeability Prediction for Carbon Storage Proj…
This work discusses the feasibility of multiple linear regression in predicting water/CO2 relative permeability using training and testing datasets from two nearby wells, separate…
Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Modeling of Geothermal Energy Systems in Deep Mines: Uncertainty Quantification and Design Opti…
Exploiting geothermal energy using existing deep mining systems streamlines the development of geothermal systems while addressing the cooling needs of deep mines. However, the co…
Dynamic Rupture Modeling in a Complex Fault Zone with Distributed and Localized Damage
Active fault zones have complex structural and geometric features that are expected to affect earthquake nucleation, rupture propagation with shear and volumetric deformation, and…
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