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Showing 33601 to 33650 of 59105 works
Constructing statutory energy goal compliant wind and solar PV infrastructure pathways
Concerns over climate change have led governments around the world to establish a range of renewable, low-carbon energy goals. Plans for meeting these targets vary widely in their…
Observing Rivers with Varying Spatial Scales
The NASA/CNES Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission will estimate global river discharge using remote sensing. Synoptic remote sensing data extends in situ point measu…
Did deglaciation of the Greenland ice sheet cause a large earthquake and tsunami around 10,600 years ago?
Due to their large mass, ice sheets induce significant stresses in the Earth’s crust. Stress release during deglaciation can trigger large-magnitude earthquakes, as indicated by s…
Crustal structure of Sri Lanka derived from joint inversion of surface wave dispersion and receiver functions using a B…
We study the crustal structure of Sri Lanka by analyzing data from a temporary seismic network deployed in 2016--2017 to shed light on the amalgamation process from a geophysical …
Does fluvial channel belt clustering predict net sand to gross rock volume? Architectural metrics and point pattern ana…
Spatial point-pattern analyses (PPAs) are used to quantify clustering, randomness, and uniformity of the distribution of channel belts in fluvial strata. Point patterns may reflec…
A Speed Limit on Ice Shelf Collapse through Hydrofracture
Increasing surface melt has been implicated in the collapse of several Antarctic ice shelves over the last few decades, including the collapse of Larsen B Ice Shelf over a period …
Surface faulting earthquake clustering controlled by fault and shear-zone interactions
Surface faulting earthquakes are known to cluster in time, from historical and palaeoseismic studies, but the mechanism(s) responsible for clustering, such as fault interaction, s…
Verifying pore network models of imbibition in rocks using time-resolved synchrotron imaging
At the pore scale, slow invasion of a wetting fluid in porous materials is often modelled with quasi-static approximations which only consider capillary forces in the form of simp…
Another look at the treatment of data uncertainty in Markov chain Monte Carlo inversion and other probabilistic methods
In probabilistic Bayesian inversions, data uncertainty is a crucial parameter for quantifying the uncertainties and correlations of the resulting model parameters or, in transdime…
On the difficulties of being rigorous in environmental geochemistry studies: some recommendations for designing an impa…
There have been numerous environmental geochemistry studies using chemical, geological, ecological and toxicological methods but each of these fields requires more subject special…
Machine Learning for Inferring CO2 Fluxes: The New Metaphysics of Neural Nets
The advent of direct high-resolution global surface measurements of CO2 from the recently launched NASA Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO-2) satellite offers an opportunity to impr…
Over 1000 rivers accountable for 80% of global riverine plastic emissions into the ocean
Plastic waste increasingly accumulates in the marine environment, but data on the distribution and quantification of riverine sources, required for development of effective mitiga…
Der Stratigraph
research
PYRENAIC ROCK GLACIERS: AN AIRBORNE AND MULTITEMPORAL LiDAR MONITORING CASE STUDY IN THE BESIBERRI AREA
The monitoring of rock glaciers is a current subject of interest because of its application as permafrost indicator and its sensitivity to climatic changes (especially temperature…
Inheritance of penetrative basement anisotropies by extension-oblique faults: Insights from analogue experiments
During rifting, pre-existing penetrative basement fabrics can affect new faults in cover rocks by a mechanism that does not appear to involve reactivation. This subtle form of inh…
Intermittent fluid connectivity during two-phase flow in a heterogeneous carbonate rock
Subsurface fluid flow is ubiquitous in nature, and understanding the interaction of multiple fluids as they flow within a porous medium is central to many geological, environmenta…
Network topology and rainfall controls on the variability of combined sewer overflows and loads
Water and pollutant fluxes from combined sewer overflows (CSO) have a significant impact on receiving waters. The random nature of rainfall forcing dominates the variability of se…
Major-element composition of sediments in terms of weathering and provenance: Implications for crustal recycling
The elemental composition of a sediment is set by the composition of its protolith and modified by weathering, sorting, and diagenesis. An important problem is deconvolving these …
Dynamic fault parameters preprint
The behavior of faults under dynamic loading reflects the response of the shape and composition of the fault to the applied mechanical loading and environmental conditions. The in…
Complex Rupture of an Immature Fault Zone: A Simultaneous Kinematic Model of the 2019 Ridgecrest, CA Earthquakes
The July 4, 2019 Mw6.4 and subsequent July 6, 2019 Mw7.1 Ridgecrest Sequence earthquakes ruptured orthogonal fault planes in the Little Lake Fault Zone, a low slip rate (1 mm/yr) …
Distributed normal faulting in the tip zone of the South Alkyonides Fault System, Gulf of Corinth, constrained using 36…
In order to investigate the geometry, rates and kinematics of active faulting in the region close to the tip of a major crustal-scale normal fault in the Gulf of Corinth, Greece, …
Investigating potential icequakes at Llaima volcano, Chile
Glacially- and magmatically-derived seismic events have been noted to heavily overlap in characteristics, thus there exists the potential for false-alarms or missed warnings at ic…
Gemeinsam für Matsch und Moor – Das Netzwerk Moorpädagogik
Bekanntlich geht gemeinsam „Moor“. Als Lösungsbeitrag zu den globalen Herausforderungen wie Klima- und Biodiversitätskrise arbeiten die Sektion „Landeskunde und Umweltbildung“ der…
Pre-breakup extension in the northern North Sea defined by complex strain partitioning and heterogeneous extension rates
The early stages of continental rifting are accommodated by the growth of upper-crustal normal fault systems that are distributed relatively evenly across the rift width. Numerous…
Rotation, narrowing, and preferential reactivation of brittle structures during oblique rifting
Occurrence of multiple faults populations with contrasting orientations in oblique continental rifts and passive margins has long sparked debate about relative timing of deformati…
Linking the evolution of terrestrial interiors and an early outgassed atmosphere to astrophysical observations
A terrestrial planet is molten during formation and may remain molten due to intense insolation or tidal forces. Observations favour the detection and characterisation of hot plan…
Revision der Aeduelliden (Knochenfische, Paläozoikum): Morphologie und Paläoökologie
In den zumeist kontinentalen Ablagerungen des europäischen Spätpaläozoikum (Rotliegend i.w.S.) gehört die Knochenfisch-Familie der Aeduellidae zu den häufigen Fossilgruppen. Ihre …
Rock strength and structural controls on fluvial erodibility: implications for drainage divide mobility in a collision…
Numerical model simulations and experiments have suggested that when migration of the main drainage divide occurs in a mountain belt, it can lead to the rearrangement of river cat…
Plate tectonics drive deep biosphere microbial community structure
The deep subsurface is one of Earth’s largest biomes. Here, microorganisms modify volatiles moving between the deep and surface Earth. However, it is unknown whether large-scale t…
“Conjugate margins” – An oversimplification of the complex southern North Atlantic rift and spreading system?
The prevalence of conjugate margin terminology and studies in the scientific literature is testimony to the contribution that this concept and approach has made to the study of pa…
River inflow dominates methane emissions in an Arctic coastal system
Measurements of greenhouse gases in Arctic waters are strongly biased toward low-ice summer conditions, with few observations during periods of seasonal ice retreat. We present a …
Geofaktoren und ein solares Wasserstoff-Energiekonzept in NE-Afrika
Angesichts sich verknappender fossiler Brennstoffe und der sich immer deutlicher abzeichnenden Probleme durch das Verbrennungsprodukt Kohlendioxid und anderer Treibhausgase, entst…
Lessons for Machine Learning from the Analysis of Porosity-Permeability Transforms for Carbonate Reservoirs
Prediction of permeability is one of the most difficult aspects of reservoir characterization because permeability cannot be directly measured by current well logging technology. …
The 2018 Fiji Mw 8.2 and 7.9 deep earthquakes: one doublet in two slabs
The cold Fiji-Tonga subduction zone accounts for >75% of cataloged deep earthquakes but none of the largest ten in the last century. On 19 August 2018 and 06 September 2018, a …
Redshift of Earthquakes via Focused Blind Deconvolution of Teleseisms
We present a robust factorization of the teleseismic waveforms resulting from an earthquake source into signals that originate from the source and signals that characterize the pa…
Making mountains on Earth and beyond
Many of Earth’s mountains are formed in orogenic belts aligned along plate margins. Their altitudes (reaching >8,000 m above sea level in the Himalayas) are the result of the b…
Magnetotelluric multiscale 3-D inversion reveals crustal and upper mantle structure beneath the Hangai and Gobi-Altai r…
Central Mongolia is a prominent region of intracontinental surface deformation and intraplate volcanism. To study these processes, which are poorly understood, we collected magnet…
Noise-derived broadband full Green functions for a radially layered Earth
The emerging noise correlation technique provides a way to approximate the Green function of medium with the correlation function between ambient noise wavefields. It has been rec…
The sensitivity of estimates of multiphase fluid and solid properties of porous rocks to image processing
X-ray microcomputed tomography X-ray microCT) is a rapidly advancing technology that has been successfully employed to study flow phenomena in porous media. It offers an alternati…
Skillful multiyear predictions of ocean acidification in the California Current System
The California Current System (CCS) sustains economically valuable fisheries and is particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification, due to the natural upwelling of corrosive water…
Evolution of the melt source during protracted crustal anatexis; an example from the Bhutan Himalaya
The chemical compositions of growth zones of magmatic zircon provide powerful insight into evolving magma compositions due to their ability to record both time and the local chemi…
Tectonic development of the Rukwa Rift Basin in SW Tanzania
Das seismisch aktive Rukwa Rift ist Teil des westlichen Arms des ostafrikanischen Riftsystems (OARS). Wegen seiner, verglichen mit den meisten Riftbecken des OARS, abweichenden rä…
Lower threshold for marsh drowning suggests loss of microtidal marshes regardless of sediment supply
Salt marshes are simultaneously among the most valuable and vulnerable ecosystems in the world. We use a simplified formulation for sediment transport across marshes to explain wh…
Four-dimensional Variability of Composite Halokinetic Sequences
The architecture of salt diapir-flank strata (i.e. halokinetic sequences) is controlled by the interplay between volumetric diapiric flux and sediment accumulation rate. Halokinet…
Relative Dispersion in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current
We present an analysis of relative dispersion and associated metrics from the RAFOS float observations collected during the Diapycnal and Isopycnal Mixing Experiment in the Southe…
Deep and rapid thermo-mechanical erosion by a small-volume lava flow
We document remarkably efficient thermo-mechanical erosion by a small-volume lava flow. Downcutting by a basaltic-andesite lava flow on the steep-sided Momotombo volcano, Nicaragu…
Machine learning on field data for hydraulic fracturing design optimization
Growing amount of fracturing stimulation jobs in the recent two decades resulted in a significant amount of measured data available for construction of predictive models via machi…
Crack to pulse transition and magnitude statistics during earthquake cycles on a self-similar rough fault
Faults in nature demonstrate fluctuations from planarity at most length scales that are relevant for earthquake dynamics. These fluctuations may influence all stages of the seismi…
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