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Showing 2851 to 2900 of 59105 works
Assessment of the water mass dynamics over the western Mediterranean in the MEDRYS1V2 reanalysis
We present an assessment of the water mass dynamics in a reanalysis of the Mediterranean Sea with a focus on the Western basin. We use a θ-S based algorithm to compute the fractio…
Coastal polynyas enable transitions between high and low West Antarctic ice shelf melt rates
Melt rates of West Antarctic ice shelves in the Amundsen Sea track large decadal variations in the volume of warm water at their outlets. This variability is generally attributed …
Can artificial intelligence-based weather prediction models simulate the butterfly effect?
We investigate error growth from small-amplitude initial condition perturbations, simulated with a recent artificial intelligence-based weather prediction model. From past simulat…
Investigating Exhumation of the High Tatra Mountains: Implications for the Western Carpathians, Slovakia by Zircon and …
The Carpathian Mountains form the large collisional orocline stretching from Vienna, Austria to Bucharest, Romania. The Western and Inner Carpathians include the High Tatra mounta…
Spatiotemporal Variability in the Annual Sea Level Cycle Along the Global Coast
Changes in the seasonal sea level cycle (SSLC) can modulate the flooding risk along coastlines. Here, we use harmonic analysis to quantify changes in the amplitude and phase of th…
Evaluating the Model Representation of Asian Summer Monsoon UTLS Transport and Composition using Airborne In Situ Obser…
Chemistry transport models (CTMs) are essential tools for characterizing and predicting the role of atmospheric composition and chemistry in Earth’s climate system. This study dem…
Regional controls on the sea ice-mixed layer depth relationship in the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP)
In the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP), complex interactions between the cryosphere, ocean and atmosphere produce an environment with large geographical, seasonal and interannual v…
Scale-dependent air-sea exchange in the polar oceans: floe-floe and floe-flow coupling in the generation of ice-ocean b…
Sea ice is a heterogeneous, evolving mosaic comprised of many individual floes, which vary in spatial scales from meters to tens of kilometers. Both the internal dynamics of the f…
A global ocean opal ballasting-silica relationship
Opal and calcium carbonate are thought to regulate the biological pump’s transfer of organic carbon to the deep ocean. A global sediment trap database exhibits large regional vari…
A Near-Vertical Slab Tear in the Southeastern Solomon Islands
The southeastern part of the Solomon Islands, a highly seismically active area in the southern Pacific, experienced two moderate earthquakes (Mw 6.3 and 6.0) on January 27th and 2…
3D geomechanical modeling of induced seismic slips considering realistic reservoir geometry with intersecting faults
Geomechanical simulations of induced seismicity generally involve a simple reservoir geometry in terms of reservoir structure and fault distribution. Because the depletion of the …
Structure, origin, and deformation of the lithosphere in the northern Canadian Cordillera from high-resolution, passive…
The recent deployment of temporary broadband seismic networks, notably the EarthScope USArray-Transportable Array (TA), has drastically improved the station coverage across northw…
Lunar Low-Titanium Magmatism during Ancient Expansion inferred from Ejecta originating from Linear Gravity Anomalies
Linear gravity anomalies (LGAs) on the Moon have been interpreted as ancient magmatic intrusions formed during the lunar expansion. The composition of such ancient subsurface intr…
Ignan Earths: Habitability of Terrestrial Planets with Extreme Internal Heating
Is it possible for a rocky planet to have too much internal heating to maintain a habitable surface environment? In the Solar System, the best example of a world with high interna…
Satellite Evidence for Strengthened M2 Internal Tides in the Past 30 Years
Satellite altimetry sea surface height (SSH) measurements from 1993 to 2022 are used to show the strengthened mode-1 M2 internal tides in the past 30 years. Two mode-1 M2 internal…
Potential predictability of the Madden-Julian Oscillation in a superparameterizated model
The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is a promising target for improving sub-seasonal weather forecasts. Current forecast models struggle to simulate the MJO due to imperfect conve…
Observations of relativistic electron precipitation due to combined scattering of whistler-mode and EMIC waves
The two most important wave modes responsible for energetic electron scattering to the Earth’s ionosphere are electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves and whistler-mode waves. I…
A novel temperature anomaly source diagnostic: method and application to the 2021 heatwave in the Pacific Northwest
Quantitative methods to pinpoint the origin of atmospheric temperature anomalies (T’) associated with heatwaves are pivotal for the construction of physically plausible synoptic s…
Circulation of hydraulically ponded turbidity currents in three-dimensional minibasins with implications for turbidite …
Minibasins on continental margins trap turbidity currents transporting material downslope, but little is known about the inherently three-dimensional (3-D) mechanics of these conf…
Systematic differences in energy radiation processes between regular and inland low-frequency earthquakes in and around…
Many unknowns exist regarding the energy radiation processes of the inland low-frequency earthquakes (LFEs) often observed beneath volcanoes. To evaluate their energy radiation ch…
Global predicted bathymetry using neural networks
Sparse distribution of depth soundings in the ocean make it necessary to infer depth in the gaps using alternate information such as satellite-derived gravity and a mapping from g…
On the dynamics of ultra-relativistic electrons (>2 MeV) near L* = 3.5 during 8 June 2015
Understanding local loss processes in Earth’s radiation belts is critical to understanding their overall structure. Electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves can cause rapid loss of mul…
Extracting spatial spectra using coarse-graining based on implicit filters
Scale analysis based on coarse-graining has been proposed recently as an alternative to Fourier analysis. It requires interpolation to a regular mesh for data from unstructured-me…
Improvements in September Arctic sea ice predictions via assimilation of summer CryoSat-2 sea ice thickness observations
Because of a spring predictability barrier, the seasonal forecast skill of Arctic summer sea ice is limited by the availability of melt-season sea ice thickness (SIT) observations…
40 Ar/ 39 Ar Age and Structural Constraints on Permian-Triassic and Jurassic Tectono-Metamorphic and Exhumation Phases …
The Korean Collision Belt originally constituted a single coherent southwards-thinning tectonic wedge formed by accretion of the Qinling-type Barrovian metamorphic Jingok and Samg…
A Two-Column Model Parameterization for Subgrid Surface Heterogeneity Driven Circulations
Earth system models currently struggle to account for the complex effects that land surface heterogeneity can have on land-atmosphere interactions. Subgrid land surface heterogene…
Dissecting Earth’s Magnetosphere: 3D Energy Transport in a Simulation of a Real Storm Event
We present new analysis methods of 3D MHD output data from the Space Weather Modeling Framework during a simulated storm event. Earth’s magnetosphere is identified in the simulati…
Place and Behavior: Unveiling the Behavioral Dynamics of the Hajj Pilgrimage
This article explores the behavioral geography of the Hajj pilgrimage, focusing on the impact of the physical environment on pilgrims' behavior. Using qualitative research and ana…
The curious case of a strong relationship between ENSO and Indian summer monsoon in CFSv2 model
An ensemble of forecasts is necessary to identify the uncertainty in predicting a non-linear system like climate. While ensemble averages are often used to represent the mean stat…
Modelling snow and ice microwave emissions in the Arctic for a multi-parameter retrieval of surface and atmospheric var…
Monitoring surface and atmospheric parameters - like water vapor - is challenging in the Arctic, despite the daily Arctic-wide coverage of spaceborne microwave radiometer data. Th…
Global stratospheric net momentum flux and drag of gravity waves from one year of radio occultations
Gravity waves (GW) transport momentum flux (MF) and energy across the lower, middle and upper atmosphere. Global Positioning System (GPS) radio occultation (RO) is one of the meas…
Towards understanding polar heat transport enhancement in sub-glacial oceans on icy moons
The interior oceans of several icy moons are considered as “moderately rotating”. Observations suggest a larger heat transport around the poles than at the equator. Rotating Rayle…
Airborne Doppler Radar Observations of Tropical Cyclone Boundary Layer Kinematic Structure and Evolution During Landfall
Airborne Doppler radar observations of the wind field in the tropical cyclone boundary layer (TCBL) during the landfall of Hurricane Ida (2021) are examined here. Asymmetries in t…
Crustal conditions favoring convective downward migration of fractures in deep hydrothermal systems
Cooling magma plutons and intrusions are the heat sources for hydrothermal systems in volcanic settings. To explain system longevity and observed heat transfer at rates higher tha…
The relation among the ring current, subauroral polarization stream, and the geospace plume: MAGE Simulation of the Mar…
The geospace plume, referring to the combined processes of the plasmaspheric and the ionospheric storm-enhanced density (SED)/total electron content (TEC) plumes, is one of the un…
The impacts of optimizing model-dependent parameters on the Antarctic sea ice data assimilation
Given the role played by the historical and extensive coverage of sea ice concentration (SIC) observations in reconstructing the long-term variability of Antarctic sea ice, and th…
Unsupervised probabilistic machine learning applied to seismicity declustering: a new approach to represent earthquake …
Many applications in seismology require to isolate earthquake clusters from a background activity. Relative declustering methods essentially find a 2D representation of an earthqu…
Satellite Data for Environmental Justice: A Scoping Review of the Literature in the United States
In support of the environmental justice (EJ) movement, researchers, activists, and policymakers often use environmental data to document evidence of the unequal distribution of…
Bridging 20 years of soil organic matter frameworks: empirical support, model representation, and next steps
In the past few decades, there has been an evolution in our understanding of soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics from one of inherent biochemical recalcitrance to one deriving from…
A locally tuned Cphyto algorithm for the Ross Sea, Antarctica
To improve current estimates of phytoplankton specific carbon in the Ross Sea, we calculated a regionally specific algorithm from in situ particulate organic carbon (POC) concentr…
Monthly Climatology of the Southern Ocean under Sea Ice
The advent of under-ice profiling float and biologging techniques has enabled year-round observation of the Southern Ocean and its Antarctic margin. These under-ice data are often…
An assessment of extra-tropical cyclone precipitation extremes over the Southern Hemisphere using ERA5
ERA5 reanalysis is used to examine extreme precipitation using a spatially dependent precipitation threshold applied within a cyclone compositing framework. This is used to accoun…
Ionospheric Disturbances generated by the 2015 Calbuco Eruption: Comparison of GITM-R simulations and GNSS observations
Volcanic eruptions provide broad spectral forcing to the atmosphere and many previous studies have examined the IT disturbances caused by volcanic eruptions through both observati…
Artificial Space Weathering to Mimic Solar Wind Enhances the Toxicity of Lunar Dust Simulants in Human Lung Cells
During NASA’s Apollo missions, inhalation of dust particles from lunar regolith was identified as a potential occupational hazard for astronauts. These fine particles adhered tigh…
Detecting Extreme Temperature Events Using Gaussian Mixture Models
Extreme temperature events have traditionally been detected assuming a unimodal distribution of temperature data. We found that surface temperature data can be described more accu…
Stochastic dynamics of two-dimensional particle motion in Darcy-scale heterogeneous porous media
We study the upscaling and prediction of dispersion in two-dimensional heterogeneous porous media with focus on transverse dispersion. To this end, we study the stochastic dynamic…
The impact of the Madden-Julian Oscillation on the formation of the Arabian Sea Monsoon Onset Vortex
During some years, a synoptic scale vortex called the Monsoon Onset Vortex (MOV) forms within the northward advancing zone of precipitating convection over the Arabian Sea. The MO…
Using Frequent, High-Resolution Remote Sensing to Identify Intermittent and Overlapping CH4 sources in Oil and Gas Deve…
The oil and natural gas industry needs accurate and frequent information on methane CH4 emissions from all of their facilities globally in order to effectively reduce emissions. H…
The Association Between Cloud Droplet Number Over the Summer Southern Ocean and Air Mass History
The cloud properties and governing processes in Southern Ocean marine boundary layer clouds have emerged as a central issue in understanding the Earth's climate sensitivity. While…
Data Imbalance, Uncertainty Quantification, and Generalization via Transfer Learning in Data-driven Parameterizations: …
Neural networks (NNs) are increasingly used for data-driven subgrid-scale parameterization in weather and climate models. While NNs are powerful tools for learning complex nonline…
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