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Showing 2801 to 2850 of 59105 works
Multiple Equidistant Belt Technique for Width Function Estimation through A Two-Segmented-Distance Strategy
The arbitrary adoption of cell center to represent the whole cell is a compromise to the grid structure of the digital elevation models (DEMs), which greatly limits the accuracy o…
Uncertainty of low-degree space gravimetry observations: surface processes versus internal signal
Space gravity measurements have been mainly used to study the temporal mass variations at the Earth's surface and within the mantle. Nevertheless, mass variations due to the Earth…
The association of cusp-aligned arcs with plasma in the magnetotail implies a closed magnetosphere
We investigate a fifteen-day period in October 2011. Auroral observations by the SSUSI instrument onboard the DMSP F16, F17, and F18 spacecraft indicate that the polar regions wer…
Probabilistic diffusion model for stochastic parameterization -- a case example of numerical precipitation estimation
Estimating the unresolved geophysical processes from resolved geophysical fluid dynamics is the key for improving numerical weather-climate predictions. While data-driven paramete…
Seismic and Potential Field Constraints on Upper Crustal Architecture of Inner Bering Shelf, Offshore Southwestern Alas…
Southwestern Alaska encompasses a group of fault-bounded tectonostratigraphic terranes that were accreted to North America during the Mesozoic and Paleogene. To characterize the o…
Climatology of the Residual Mean Circulation of the Martian Atmosphere and Contributions of Resolved and Unresolved Wav…
The objective of this study was to examine both the climatology of the residual mean circulation, and the roles of resolved wave (RW) and unresolved wave (UW) forcings over four M…
Sentinel-1 snow depth assimilation to improve river discharge estimates in the western European Alps
Seasonal snow is an important water source and contributor to river discharge in mountainous regions. Therefore the amount of snow and its distribution are necessary inputs for hy…
PyIRI: Whole-Globe Approach to the International Reference Ionosphere Modeling Implemented in Python
The International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model is widely used in the ionospheric community and considered the gold standard for empirical ionospheric models. The development o…
Rapid basal channel growth beneath Greenland's longest floating ice shelf
Nioghalvfjerdsfjorden Glacier (N79) is one of the two main outlets for Greenland’s largest ice stream, the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream (NEGIS), and is the more stable of the tw…
Longer-term terrestrial responses in the aftermath of the end-Cretaceous mass extinction
Mass-extinction with instantaneous and short-term effects on extreme climate and deteriorated ocean environment across the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary (K/PgB) has been verified …
A neglected anthropogenic source of carbon triggered by the combustion of coal: evidence from riverine sulfate
To effectively reduce CO2 emissions, it’s vital to identify and quantify their sources. While the focus has been on CO2 from fossil fuel combustion, especially coal, the CO2 produ…
spateGAN: Spatio-Temporal Downscaling of Rainfall Fields using a cGAN Approach
Climate models face limitations in their ability to accurately represent highly variable atmospheric phenomena. To resolve fine-scale physical processes, allowing for local impact…
Constraints on Southern Ocean Shortwave Cloud Feedback from the Hydrological Cycle
Shifts in Southern Ocean (SO, $40 - 85^{o}S$) shortwave cloud feedback ($SW_{FB}$) toward more positive values are the dominant contributor to higher effective climate sensitivity…
Shortwave radiative flux variability through the lens of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation
The variability of the shortwave radiative fluxes at the surface and top of atmosphere (TOA) is examined in a pre-industrial modelling setup using the Pacific Decadal Oscillation …
Mapping variations in bedrock weathering with slope aspect under a sedimentary ridge-valley system using near-surface g…
Understanding how soil thickness and bedrock weathering vary across ridge and valley topography is needed to constrain the flowpaths of water and sediment production within a land…
Revisiting Neoproterozoic tectono-magmatic evolution of the northern margin of the Yangtze Block, South China
The Neoproterozoic tectonics of South China is crucial for understanding its evolution history throughout the assembly and disintegration of Rodinia. Herein, we employ integrally …
An assessment of CO2 uptake in the Arctic Ocean from 1985 to 2018
As a contribution to the Regional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes phase 2 (RECCAP2) project, we present synthesized estimates of Arctic Ocean sea-air CO2 fluxes and their un…
Determining the Relative Contributions of Runoff and Coastal Processes to Flood Exposure across the Carolinas during Hu…
Estimates of flood inundation from tropical cyclones (TCs) are needed to better understand how exposure varies inland and at the coast. While reduced-complexity flood inundation m…
Data assimilation for fault slip monitoring and short-term prediction of slow slip events: an application to the 2010 l…
Monitoring and predicting fault slip behaviors in subduction zones are essential for understanding earthquake cycles and assessing future earthquake potential. We developed a data…
Incorporation of Sub-Resolution Porosity into Two-Phase Flow Models with a Multiscale Pore Network
Porous materials, such as carbonate rocks, frequently have pore sizes which span many orders of magnitude. This is a challenge for models that rely on an image of the pore space, …
Mechanisms of Stress- and Fluid-Pressure-Driven Fault Reactivation in Gonghe Granite: Implications for Injection-induce…
We explore the impacts of stress- and fluid-pressure-driven frictional slip on variably roughened faults in Gonghe granite (Qinghai Province, China). Slip is on an inclined fault …
A temperature snapshot from MIS 5c in southeastern Alaska
Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5c, between ~106,000 and ~93,000 years ago, represents an important warm period on Earth in which the current anthropogenic warming can be contextualize…
Impact of the sea surface temperature in the north-eastern tropical Atlantic on precipitation over Senegal
This study examines 40 years of monthly precipitation data in Senegal (1979-2018) using CRU observations and ERA5 reanalyses, aiming to understand the influence of oceanic and atm…
Carbon Dioxide Removal Estimation Method to Remove Cumulative Anthropogenic CO 2 Emissions Distribution to Natural …
We provide a method to estimate how to determine the amount of carbon to remove to affect the cumulative emitted anthropogenic carbon dioxide for Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) targ…
Reduced-Order Probabilistic Emulation of Physics-Based Ring Current Models: Application to RAM-SCB Particle Flux
We present a proof of concept for the probabilistic emulation of the Ring current-Atmosphere interactions Model with Self-Consistent magnetic field (RAM-SCB) particle flux. We ext…
The Climate Sensitivity of Mosquito Habitats: Simulating Subseasonal Climate Impacts on Dengue Vector Breeding Sites
Climate modulates the incidence of mosquito-borne diseases, in part due to climatic impacts on the suitability of vector breeding habitats. While the existence of a mechanistic…
Divergent Features of the Tropopause Aerosol Layer: Effects of Monsoon Dynamics and Pollution Emissions in Asia, South …
The tropopause aerosol layer (TAL) represents the increase of aerosols in tropopause. It was first discovered over Asia but was found in this study to also occur over South Americ…
How will global carbon cycle respond to negative emissions?
In most emissions scenarios consistent with the temperature targets of the Paris Agreement, carbon dioxide removal (CDR) would be required to achieve net negative emissions. The e…
Near-Source Waveform Modeling to Estimate Shallow Crustal Attenuation and Radiated Energy of Mw 2.0-4.5 Earthquakes
Estimating the radiated energy of small-to-moderate (Mw < 5) events remains challenging because their waveforms are strongly distorted during wave propagation. Even when near-sour…
Allochthonous groundwater microorganisms affect coastal seawater microbial abundance, activity and diversity
Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is a globally important process supplying nutrients and trace elements to the coastal environment, thus playing a pivotal role in sustaining …
Injected fluid volume controls seismicity migration in earthquake swarms through aseismic crack propagation
The evolution of fluid injection-induced seismicity, generally characterized through the number of events or their seismic moment, depends on, among other factors, the injected fl…
Legacy phosphorus and ecosystem memory control future water quality in a eutrophic lake
Lake water clarity, phytoplankton biomass, and hypolimnetic oxygen concentration are metrics of water quality that are highly degraded in eutrophic systems. Eutrophication is link…
Representing dynamic urban land change in the Community Earth System Model (CESM)
Urbanization (urban land change) alters local and regional climate through biophysical and biogeochemical processes and has broader climate impacts through atmospheric feedbacks. …
Dynamics of oceanic slab tearing during transform-fault horizontally-oblique subduction: Insights from 3D numerical mod…
Oceanic-plates vertical tearing is seismically-identified in the present-day Earth. This type of plate tearing is frequently reported in horizontally-oblique subduction zones wh…
Causes of Reduced Climate Sensitivity in E3SM from Version 1 to Version 2
The effective climate sensitivity in the Department of Energy’s Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) has decreased from 5.3 K in version 1 to 4.0 K in version 2. This reducti…
Learning Closed-form Equations for Subgrid-scale Closures from High-fidelity Data: Promises and Challenges
There is growing interest in discovering interpretable, closed-form equations for subgrid-scale (SGS) closures/parameterizations of complex processes in Earth system. Here, we app…
Controls on Polar Southern Ocean Deep Chlorophyll Maxima: Viewpoints from Multiple Observational Platforms
Deep Chlorophyll Maxima (DCMs) are ubiquitous in low-latitude oceans, and of recognized biogeochemical and ecological importance. DCMs have been observed in the Southern Ocean, in…
Volumetric changes of mud on Mars: evidence from laboratory simulations
Subtle mounds have been discovered in the source areas of martian kilometer-sized flows and on top of summit areas of domes. These features have been suggested to be related to su…
The impacts of Stratospheric Aerosol Injection on Antarctic ice loss depend on injection location
Owing to increasing greenhouse gas emissions, the West Antarctic Ice Sheet as well as a few subglacial basins in East Antarctica are vulnerable to rapid ice loss in the upcoming d…
A New GFSv15 based Climate Model Large Ensemble and Its Application to Understanding Climate Variability, and Predictab…
NOAA Climate Prediction Center (CPC) has generated a 100-member ensemble of Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP) simulations from 1979 to present using the GFSv15 with…
Classification of Stratosphere Winter Evolutions Into Four Different Scenarios in the Northern Hemisphere: Part B Coupl…
We have conducted an investigation into the coupling between the stratosphere and troposphere, focusing on perturbed and unperturbed scenarios of the northern hemisphere polar vor…
Magmatic Origins of Extensional Structures in Tempe Terra, Mars
Numerous graben features transect the Tempe Terra plateau in the northeastern Tharsis Rise, making it one of the most heavily structured regions of Tharsis. The origin of the comp…
Will the world experience more fractal droughts?
Meteorological droughts will become the principal factor driving compound hot-dry events and analysis thereof is therefore fundamental with regard to understanding future climate …
Mesoscale and Synoptic Scale Analysis of Narrow Cold Frontal Rainband during a Landfalling Atmospheric River in Califor…
Narrow cold-frontal rain bands (NCFR) often produce short-duration and high-intensity precipitation that can lead to flooding and debris flow in California (CA). On 27 January 202…
Planetary Ions Acceleration in a Hot Flow Anomaly at Mars
Previous observation of a single hot flow anomaly (HFA) at Earth by MMS mission reported solar wind protons effective acceleration inside these structures to nearly 1 MeV under ce…
Using Tidally-Driven Elastic Strains to Infer Regional Variations in Crustal Thickness at Enceladus
Constraining the spatial variability of the thickness of the ice shell of Enceladus (i.e., the crust) is central to our understanding of its thermodynamics and habitability. In th…
The contribution of plasma sheet bubbles to stormtime ring current buildup and evolution of the energy composition
The formation of the stormtime ring current is a result of the inward transport and energization of plasma sheet ions. Previous studies have demonstrated that a significant fracti…
Differentiating EDRs from the Background Magnetopause Current Sheet: A Statistical Study
The solar wind is a continuous outflow of charged particles from the Sun's atmosphere into the solar system. At Earth, the solar wind's outward pressure is balanced by the Earth's…
The Repetition Period of MeV Electron Microbursts as measured by SAMPEX/HILT
Here we examine properties of MeV electron microbursts to better understand their generation mechanisms. Using 15 years of data from SAMPEX/HILT, >1MeV microburst repetition perio…
The Sun-Earth-Moon Connection: I–3D Global Kinetic Simulation
Context: The complex interplay between the Solar Wind and the lunar surface serves as a quintessential example of space weathering. However, uncertainties persist regarding the in…
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