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Showing 2601 to 2650 of 59105 works
Sensitivity of Physical Schemes in WRF Simulations on the Track and Intensity of Landfall Tropical Cyclones Along the E…
In order to study sensitivity of physical parameterization schemes (PPSs) in the WRF model on the simulation of landfall tropical cyclones (TCs), we design 43 sensitivity experime…
Leaf-level functional trait predictions in maize crops using UAV-based hyperspectral imaging
Plant functional traits capture essential morphological, physiological, or phenological characteristics of plants that influence growth, resource allocation, and survival. These t…
Wheat Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) Disease Severity Estimation using UAV Multispectral Imagery and Machine Learning
Wheat is an important primary crop that nourishes billions of people worldwide. Wheat diseases, particularly Fusarium head blight (FHB) disease, often have a severe effect on whea…
Facilitating community unoccupied aerial systems (UAS, drone) knowledge, communication, and data processing across agri…
Unoccupied / Unmanned / Uncrewed Aerial Systems (UAS, also known as drones) are tools that can provide field-based phenotyping and phenomics derived insights into plant breeding, …
Predictive Modeling of Bluebunch Wheatgrass ( Pseudoroegneria spicata ) Traits Using High Throughput Phenotyping.
Compositional changes within dryland ecosystems in the Intermountain West and projected climatic shifts will negatively impact sagebrush-steppe communities. Restoration of native …
Estimating Tree-level Yield of Citrus fruit using Multi-temporal using UAS datasets
In the quest to enhance citrus yield estimation, this study leverages Multi-Temporal Unoccupied Aerial Systems (UAS) datasets to develop a refined tree-level yield estimation mode…
Dryland watersheds in flux: How nitrogen deposition and changing precipitation regimes shape nitrogen export
Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition and climate change are transforming the way N moves through dryland watersheds. For example, N deposition is increasing N export to streams, wh…
Application of Downscaled Extreme Precipitation to Flood Control Agency Operations: A Framework for Stakeholder-driven …
Extreme precipitation is expected to intensify as the climate warms, but the magnitude of the increase will vary regionally. In many cases, global climate models (GCMs) are not we…
b-more-incomplete and b-more-positive: Insights on A Robust Estimator of Magnitude Distribution
The $b$-value in earthquake magnitude-frequency distribution quantifies the relative frequency of large versus small earthquakes. Monitoring its evolution could provide fundamenta…
“Seeing” beneath the clouds - machine-learning-based reconstruction of North African dust events
Mineral dust is one of the most abundant atmospheric aerosol species and has various far-reaching effects on the climate system and adverse impacts on air quality. Satellite obser…
DroughtVision -Global Drought Prediction with Computer Vision
The escalating impact of climate change underscores the need for precise and timely forecasts of meteorological phenomena, particularly droughts, due to their extensive effects on…
Illuminating snow droughts: The future of Western United States snowpack in the SPEAR large ensemble
Seasonal snowpack in the Western United States (WUS) is vital for meeting summer hydrological demands, reducing the intensity and frequency of wildfires, and supporting snow-touri…
Omnivariant Generalized Least Squares Regression: Theory, Geochronological Applications, and Making the Case for Reconc…
Least-squares regression methods are mathematically powerful, conceptually and computationally simple, and widely used in many fields. However, none of the commonly-used flavors o…
Disaggregating the carbon exchange of degrading permafrost peatlands using Bayesian deep learning
Extensive regions in the permafrost zone are projected to become climatically unsuitable to sustain permafrost peatlands over the next century, suggesting transformations in these…
A case study of the solar and lunar semidiurnal tide response to the 2013 sudden stratospheric warming
This study investigates the response of the semidiurnal tide (SDT) to the 2013 major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) event using meteor radar wind observations and mechanistic …
Greenhouse Warming Reduces Global Energy Conversion into Oceanic Lee Waves
Oceanic lee waves play an important role in dissipating wind-driven ocean circulations and powering turbulent diapycnal mixing. Here we investigate impacts of the greenhouse warmi…
Possible Mitigation of Global Cooling due to Supervolcanic Eruption via Intentional Release of Fluorinated Gases
Supervolcanic eruptions induced abrupt global cooling (roughly at a rate of ~1ºC/year lasting for years to decades), such as the prehistoric Yellowstone eruption released, by some…
Assessment of Global Ocean Biogeochemistry Models for Ocean Carbon Sink Estimates in RECCAP2 and Recommendations for Fu…
The ocean is a major carbon sink and takes up 25-30% of the anthropogenically emitted CO2. A state-of-the-art method to quantify this sink are global ocean biogeochemistry models …
Using Multi-Homologue Plant-Wax Carbon Isotope Signatures to Reconstruct Tropical Vegetation Types
The stable carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of plant components such as plant wax biomarkers is an important tool for reconstructing past vegetation. Plant wax δ13C is mainly con…
Effects of balanced motions and unbalanced internal waves on steric height in the mid-latitude ocean
The baroclinic component of the sea surface height, referred to as steric height, is governed by geostrophically balanced motions and unbalanced internal waves, and thus is an ess…
How does colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) influence the distribution and intensity of hypoxia in coastal oceans?
Excessive nutrient loading is a well-established driver of hypoxia in aquatic ecosystems. However, recent limnological research has illuminated the role of Chromophoric Dissolved …
High- and low-emissions scenario projections of the Southern Hemisphere storm track
The Southern Hemisphere storm track is a key component of the Earth's global circulation patterns, with a prominent role in the movement of heat and momentum across the mid-latitu…
TROPOMI-derived NO2 emissions from copper/cobalt mining and other industrial activities in the Copperbelt (DRC and Zamb…
We have analyzed TROPOMI data over the Copperbelt mining region (Democratic Republic of Congo and Zambia). Despite high background values, we find that annual 2019-2022 means of T…
Fluid mixing and spatial geochemical variability in the Lost City hydrothermal field chimneys
Carbonate-brucite chimneys are a characteristic of low- to moderate-temperature, ultramafic-hosted alkaline hydrothermal systems, such as the Lost City hydrothermal field located …
Substantial differences in crop yield sensitivities between models call for functionality-based model evaluation
Crop models are often used to project future crop yield under climate and global change and typically show a broad range of outcomes. To understand differences in modeled response…
Elemental Stoichiometry of Particulate Organic Matter across the Atlantic Ocean
Recent studies show that stoichiometric elemental ratios of marine ecosystems are not static at Redfield proportions but vary systematically between biomes. However, the wider Atl…
Seasonal wind stress direction influences source and properties of inflow to the Salish Sea and Columbia River estuary
Estuaries in the northern California current system (NCCS) experience seasonally reversing wind stress, which is expected to impact the origin and properties of shelf water which …
Searching for partial ruptures in Parkfield
Repeating earthquakes repeatedly rupture the same fault asperities, which are likely loaded to failure by surrounding aseismic slip. However, repeaters occur less often than would…
The Longwave Cloud-radiative Feedback in Tropical Waves Derived by Different Precipitation Datasets
The tropical longwave cloud-radiative feedback is calculated using outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and precipitation in two versions of Global Precipitation Climatology Project,…
On the Detection of Upper Mantle Discontinuities with Radon-Transformed Ps Receiver Functions (CRISP-RF)
Seismic interrogation of the upper mantle from the base of the crust to the top of the mantle transition zone has revealed discontinuities that are variable in space, depth, later…
A Research Of Seismic Data Reconstruction Based On Conditional Constraint Diffusion Model
Reconstruction of complete seismic data is a crucial step in seismic data processing, which has seen the application of various convolutional neural networks (CNNs). These CNNs ty…
Explicit habit-prediction in the Lagrangian super-particle ice microphysics model McSnow
The Monte-Carlo ice microphysics model McSnow is extended by an explicit habit prediction scheme, combined with the hydrodynamic theory of \citeauthor{Boehm1992a}. \citeauthor{Boe…
One-Dimensional Variational Ionospheric Retrieval Using Radio Occultation Bending Angles: Part 1 -Theory
A new one-dimensional variational (1D-Var) retrieval method for ionospheric GNSS ra- dio occultation (GNSS-RO) measurements is described. The forward model implicit in the retriev…
Deformation, strength and tectonic evolution of basal ice in Taylor Glacier, Antarctica
Observation and measurements of ice structure and deformation made in tunnels excavated into the margin of Taylor Glacier reveal a complex, rapidly deforming basal ice sequence. D…
Mithra in Light of Buddhism and Manichaean: Savior Figure
Throughout the annals of human history, various religious traditions have featured savior figures, divine beings whose purpose is to guide, inspire, and offer salvation to their f…
Device Performance of Emerging Photovoltaic Materials (Version 4)
Following the 3 rd release of the “Emerging PV reports” , the best achievements in the performance of emerging photovoltaic (e-PV) devices in diverse e-PV research subjects are su…
The greenhouse gas budget of terrestrial ecosystems in East Asia since 2000
East Asia (China, Japan, Koreas and Mongolia) has been the world’s economic engine over at least the past two decades, exhibiting a rapid increase in fossil fuel emissions of gree…
Air-Sea CO$_2$ Fluxes Localized By Topography in a Southern Ocean Channel
Air-sea exchange of carbon dioxide (CO$_2$) in the Southern Ocean plays an important role in the global carbon budget. Previous studies have suggested that flow around topographic…
Damaging viscous-plastic sea ice
We implement a damage parametrization in the standard viscous-plastic sea ice model to disentangle its effect from model physics (visco-elastic or elasto-brittle vs. visco-plastic…
One-Dimensional Variational Ionospheric Retrieval Using Radio Occultation Bending Angles: Part 2 - Validation
Culverwell et al. (2023) described a new one-dimensional variational (1D-Var) retrieval approach for ionospheric GNSS radio occultation (GNSS-RO) measurements. The approach maps a…
Eddy-Mediated Mixing of Oxygen in the Equatorial Pacific
In the tropical Pacific, weak ventilation and intense microbial respiration at depth give rise to a low dissolved oxygen (O2) environment that is thought to be ventilated primaril…
Computing the ecRad radiation scheme with half-precision arithmetic
Numerical simulations of weather and climate models are conventionally carried out using double-precision floating-point numbers throughout the vast majority of the code. At the s…
Numerical diffusion and turbulent mixing in convective self-aggregation
Spontaneous aggregation of deep convection is a common feature of idealized numerical simulations of the tropical atmosphere in Radiative-Convective Equilibrium (RCE). However, at…
Short term prediction of geomagnetic secular variation with an echo state network
A technique for predicting the secular variation (SV) of the geomagnetic field based on the echo state network (ESN) model is proposed. SV is controlled by the geodynamo process i…
Kinematic Rupture Characterization of Large Compressional Intraslab Earthquakes Along the Tohoku Region, Japan
We examine the source parameters of four Mw≥7.0 intraslab earthquakes that occurred near the Tohoku coast over the past two decades: 2003, 2011, 2021, and 2022. By analyzing the f…
Late Pleistocene to Holocene transtension in the northern Cascadia forearc: Evidence from surface ruptures along the Be…
The active deformation field in subduction forearcs provides critical information about the stress and strain state of the upper plate and its potential for seismogenesis. However…
Can sub-daily multivariate bias correction of regional climate model boundary conditions improve simulation of the diur…
The diurnal cycle is often poorly reproduced in global climate model (GCM) simulations, particularly in terms of rainfall frequency and amplitude. While improvements in the region…
Wind conditions in category 1-3 tropical cyclones can exceed wind turbine design standards
Offshore wind energy deployment in the US is expected to increase in the years to come, with proposed wind farm sites located in regions with high-risk for tropical cyclones. Yet,…
Mid-infrared spectroscopy of sulfidation reaction products and implications for Sulfur on Mercury
We propose that the observed enrichment of sulfur at the surface of Mercury (up to 4 wt.%) is the product of silicate sulfidation reactions with a S-rich reduced volcanogenic gas …
Aggregating XAI methods for insights into geoscience models with correlated and high-dimensional rasters
Geoscience applications have been using sophisticated machine learning methods to model complex phenomena. These models are described as black boxes since it is unclear what relat…
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