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Abstract. Geographical features may have a considerable effect on local climate. The local climate zone (LCZ) system proposed by Stewart and Oke (2012) is nowadays seen as a stand…

Abstract. Retrieving wind profiles from Doppler lidar radial velocities requires processing software tools. The heterogeneity of Doppler lidar types and data acquisition settings,…

Abstract. We describe an improved method and the associated package for estimating the statistics of temperature extremes in a Bayesian framework. Building on previous work, this …

Abstract. Coupling the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with wind farm parameterization can be effective in examining the performance of large-scale wind farms. Howeve…

Abstract. This paper provides a comprehensive description of OSCAR v2.2, a simple Earth system model. The general philosophy of development is first explained, followed by a compl…

Abstract. Chemical mechanism reduction is common practice in combustion research for accelerating numerical simulations; however, there have been limited applications of this prac…

Abstract. A new regional coupled ocean–atmosphere model is developed and its implementation is presented in this paper. The coupled model is based on two open-source community mod…

Abstract. Supercooled liquid clouds are common at higher latitudes (especially over the Southern Ocean) and are critical for constraining climate projections. We take advantage of…

Abstract. Here, we present a three-dimensional fluid dynamic solver that simulates debris flows as a mixture of two fluids (a Coulomb viscoplastic model of the gravel mixed with a…

Abstract. This paper presents the first development and evaluation of a reduced-complexity air quality model for China. In this study, the reduced-complexity Intervention Model fo…

Abstract. There is a strong interaction between the urban atmospheric canopy layer and the building energy balance. The urban atmospheric conditions affect the heat transfer throu…

Abstract. The tropical Atlantic has been facing a massive proliferation of Sargassum since 2011, with severe environmental and socioeconomic impacts. The development of large-scal…

Abstract. Surface water quality along river corridors can be modulated by hyporheic zones (HZs) that are ubiquitous and biogeochemically active. Watershed management practices oft…

Abstract. We report on an evaluation of tropospheric ozone and its precursor gases in three atmospheric chemistry versions as implemented in the European Centre for Medium-Range W…

Abstract. This paper describes the splitting supercell idealized test case used in the 2016 Dynamical Core Model Intercomparison Project (DCMIP2016). These storms are useful test …

Abstract. Surface water and energy fluxes are essential components of the Earth system. Surface latent heat fluxes provide major energy input to the atmosphere. Despite the import…

Abstract. Numerically accurate budgeting of the forcing terms in the governing equations of a numerical weather prediction model is hard to achieve. Because individual budget term…

Abstract. Numerical simulations employing prognostic stable water isotopes can not only facilitate our understanding of hydrological processes and climate change but also allow fo…

Abstract. WOMBAT (the WOllongong Methodology for Bayesian Assimilation of Trace-gases) is a fully Bayesian hierarchical statistical framework for flux inversion of trace gases fro…

Abstract. Subglacial drainage models represent water flow at the ice–bed interface through coupled distributed and channelized systems to determine water pressure, discharge, and …

Abstract. The need to better understand long-term climate/ice sheet feedback loops is motivating efforts to couple ice sheet models into Earth System models which are capable of l…

Abstract. SOCOL-AERv1 was developed as an aerosol–chemistry–climate model to study the stratospheric sulfur cycle and its influence on climate and the ozone layer. It includes a s…

Abstract. Chemical data assimilation attempts to optimally use noisy observations along with imperfect model predictions to produce a better estimate of the chemical state of the …

Abstract. The cloud liquid water path (LWP), ice water path (IWP), and precipitation simulated with uniform- and variable-resolution numerical experiments using the Model for Pred…

Abstract. The terrestrial biosphere regulates climate through carbon, water, and energy exchanges with the atmosphere. Land-surface models estimate plant transpiration, which is a…

Abstract. We introduce the optimized dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) algorithm for constructing an adaptive and computationally efficient reduced-order model and forecasting tool…

Abstract. In the ongoing political debate on climate change, global mean temperature change (ΔTglob) has become the yardstick by which mitigation costs, impacts from unavoided cli…

Abstract. Australian commonwealth, state and territory geological surveys possess information on over 3 million drillhole logs. In addition to mineral exploration drilling, extens…

Abstract. Integrated assessment models (IAMs) are crucial for climate policymaking, offering climate mitigation scenarios and contributing to IPCC assessments. However, IAMs face …

Abstract. Developing effective global strategies for climate mitigation requires an independent assessment of the greenhouse gas emission inventory at the urban scale. In the fram…

Abstract. Budget analysis of a tendency equation is widely utilized in numerical studies to quantify different physical processes in a simulated system. While such analysis is oft…

Abstract. Alquimia v1.0 is a generic interface to geochemical solvers that facilitates development of multiphysics simulators by enabling code coupling, prototyping and benchmarki…

Abstract. A large and ever-growing body of geophysical information is measured in campaigns and at specialized observatories as a part of scientific expeditions and experiments. T…

Abstract. As part of the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy), the Multi-Model-Driver (MMD v1.0) was developed to couple online the regional Consortium for Small-scale Modeling (…

Abstract. Despite the increasing use of physical snow cover simulations in regional avalanche forecasting, avalanche forecasting is still an expert-based decision-making process. …

Abstract. We present MPAS-Seaice, a sea-ice model which uses the Model for Prediction Across Scales (MPAS) framework and spherical centroidal Voronoi tessellation (SCVT) unstructu…

Abstract. Sea-spray-mediated heat flux plays an important role in air–sea heat transfer. Heat flux integrated over the droplet size spectrum can simulate well the total heat flux …

Abstract. Currently, atmospheric chemistry and transport models (ACTMs) used to assess impacts of air quality, applied at a European scale, lack the spatial resolution necessary t…

Abstract. We have presented an overview of a mathematical model, BUOYANT, that was originally designed for the evaluation of the dispersion of buoyant plumes originated from major…

Abstract. In a previous paper we described a new technique for automatically generating parameterisations using a program called iGen. iGen generates parameterisations by analysin…

Abstract. Carbon isotopes in the ocean are frequently used as paleoclimate proxies and as present-day geochemical ocean tracers. In order to allow a more direct comparison of clim…

Abstract. The Weather Research and Forecasting meteorological (WRF) model has been coupled to the Soil–Plant–Atmosphere (SPA) terrestrial ecosystem model, to produce WRF-SPA. SPA …

Abstract. Explicit time integration methods are characterised by a small numerical effort per time step. In the application to multiscale problems in atmospheric modelling, this b…

Abstract. Climate models represent a large variety of processes on a variety of timescales and space scales, a canonical example of multi-physics multi-scale modeling. Current har…

Abstract. Water mass ventilation provides an important link between the atmosphere and the global ocean circulation. In this study, we present a newly developed, probabilistic too…

Abstract. The Community Multiscale Air Quality Model (CMAQ) is a local- to hemispheric-scale numerical air quality modeling system developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection A…

Abstract. Parameterized boundary layer turbulence and moist convection remain some of the largest sources of uncertainty in general circulation models. High-resolution climate mod…

Abstract. Widely present in boreal regions, peatlands contain large carbon stocks because of their hydrologic properties and high water content, which makes primary productivity e…

Abstract. In the last decade, agent-based modelling (ABM) became a popular modelling technique in social sciences, medicine, biology, and ecology. ABM was designed to simulate sys…

Abstract. In this study, we identify the key message passing interface (MPI) operations required in atmospheric modelling; then, we use a skeleton program and a simulation framewo…