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Abstract. The MM5-SMOKE-CMAQ model system, which was developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) as the MODELS-3 system, has been used for daily air qu…

Abstract. In coupled biogeochmical–ocean models, the choice of numerical schemes in the ocean circulation component can have a large influence on the distribution of the biologica…

Abstract. The coupling between soil, vegetation and atmosphere is thought to be crucial in the development and intensification of weather extremes, especially meteorological droug…

Abstract. A limitation of the Met Office operational data assimilation scheme is that surface-sensitive infrared satellite sounding channels cannot be used during daytime periods …

Abstract. In this paper the CHemistry with Aerosol Microphysics in Python (PyCHAM) box model software for aerosol chambers is described and assessed against benchmark simulations …

Abstract. The proportionality between global mean temperature and cumulative emissions of CO2 predicted in Earth system models (ESMs) is the foundation of carbon budgeting framewo…

Abstract. A standardized methodology for the validation of short-term air quality forecast applications was developed in the framework of the Forum for Air quality Modeling (FAIRM…

Abstract. Moisture is the fundamental basis for precipitation, and understanding the sources of moisture is crucial for comprehending changes in precipitation patterns. Lagrangian…

Abstract. River discharge into the Mediterranean Sea is a vital component of the regional water cycle, influencing ecological and climatic dynamics. Although some regional coupled…

Abstract. Global climate models offer the most comprehensive description of the climate system and its internal processes to date but current computational capabilities typically …

Abstract. Secondary organic aerosol derived from isoprene epoxydiols (IEPOX-SOA) is thought to contribute the dominant fraction of total isoprene SOA, but the current volatility-b…

Abstract. Accurate modeling of aerosol optical properties is critical to simulate aerosol radiative effects. However, uncertainties regarding the simulation of aerosol-intensive o…

Abstract. Lakes are of fundamental importance in the Earth system as they support essential environmental and economic services, such as freshwater supply. Streamflow variability …

Abstract. The VU Amsterdam Permafrost (VAMPER) permafrost model has been enhanced with snow thickness and active layer calculations in preparation for coupling within the iLOVECLI…

Abstract. A new Lagrangian advection scheme with shape matrix (LASM) is proposed to take advantage of the extreme low numerical diffusion of the Lagrangian methods. The tracer is …

Abstract. A complete chemical module has been developed for use in the Meso-NH three-dimensional cloud resolving mesoscale model. This module includes gaseous- and aqueous-phase c…

Abstract. Modern high-performance computers are massively parallel; for many partial differential equation applications spatial parallelism saturates long before the computer's ca…

Abstract. Computational landscape evolution models (LEMs) typically comprise at least two interacting components: a flow hydraulic solver that routes water across a landscape and …

Abstract. The present work aims to extend the parameterisation of homogeneous ice nucleation introduced in Dolaptchiev et al. (2023) by incorporating variable ice mean mass and ge…

Abstract. The efficient simulation of non-hydrostatic atmospheric dynamics requires time integration methods capable of overcoming the explicit stability constraints on time step …

Abstract. The preservation of calcium carbonate in marine sediments is central to controlling the alkalinity balance of the ocean and, hence, the ocean–atmosphere partitioning of …

Abstract. HBr emissions from volcanoes lead rapidly to the formation of BrO within volcanic plumes and have an impact on tropospheric chemistry, at least at the local and regional…

Abstract. Stochastic weather simulation models are commonly employed in water resources management, agricultural applications, forest management, transportation management, and re…

Abstract. A four-dimensional variational (4D-Var) method is a popular algorithm for inverting atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) measurements. In order to meet the computationally i…

Abstract. Over the years, higher-resolution regional climate model simulations have emerged owing to the large increase in computational resources. The 12 km resolution from the C…

Abstract. Computational models of mantle convection must accurately represent curved boundaries and the associated boundary conditions of a 3-D spherical shell, bounded by Earth's…

Abstract. The high computational resources and the time-consuming IO (input/output) are major issues in offline ensemble-based high-dimensional data assimilation systems. Bearing …

Abstract. Ocean general circulation models still have large upper-ocean biases, including in tropical sea surface temperature, that are possibly connected to the representation of…

Abstract. Traditional trial-and-error tuning of uncertain parameters in global atmospheric general circulation models (GCMs) is time consuming and subjective. This study explores …

Abstract. Engaging ecological resource users in intervention to protect resources is challenging for governments due to the self-interest of users and uncertainty about interventi…

Abstract. We present an overview of the UK's Global Sea Ice model configuration version 9 (GSI9), the sea ice component of the latest Met Office Global Coupled model, GC5. The GC5…

Abstract. A significant proportion of the uncertainty in climate projections arises from uncertainty in the representation of land carbon uptake. Dynamic global vegetation models …

Abstract. This study uses the Community Atmosphere Model 5.3 coupled to a 1-D ocean model to investigate the effects of intraseasonal sea surface temperature (SST) feedback freque…

Abstract. Numerical weather prediction (NWP) models are atmospheric simulations that imitate the dynamics of the atmosphere and provide high-quality forecasts. One of the most sig…

Abstract. We demonstrate the practicality and effectiveness of using a Green's functions estimation approach for adjusting uncertain parameters in an Earth system model (ESM). Thi…

Abstract. Simple climate models (SCMs) are frequently used in research and decision-making communities because of their flexibility, tractability, and low computational cost. SCMs…

Abstract. Natural and anthropogenic disturbances, in particular forest management, affect forest age structures all around the globe. Forest age structures in turn influence key l…

Abstract. Air pollutants and greenhouse gases have many effects on health, the economy, urban climate and atmospheric environment. At the city level, the transport and heating sec…

Abstract. Identifying fast and robust numerical solvers is a critical issue that needs to be addressed in order to improve projections of polar ice sheets evolving in a changing c…

Abstract. The atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration plays a crucial role in the radiative balance and as such has a strong influence on the evolution of climate. Because of the…

Abstract. We implement a new stomatal conductance scheme, based on the optimality approach, within the Community Atmosphere Biosphere Land Exchange (CABLEv2.0.1) land surface mode…

Abstract. The SiSeRHMap (simulator for mapped seismic response using a hybrid model) is a computerized methodology capable of elaborating prediction maps of seismic response in te…

Abstract. Three detailed meteorological case studies are conducted with the global and regional atmospheric chemistry model system ECHAM5/MESSy(→COSMO/MESSy)n, shortly named MECO(…

Abstract. The timing of springtime end of snowmelt (snow-off date) in northern Eurasia in version 5.4 of the ECHAM5 atmospheric general circulation model (GCM) is evaluated throug…

Abstract. Predicting the freezing time in lakes is achieved by means of complex mechanistic models or by simplified statistical regressions considering integral quantities. Here, …

Abstract. With MLAir (Machine Learning on Air data) we created a software environment that simplifies and accelerates the exploration of new machine learning (ML) models, specific…

Abstract. Land surface models (LSMs) represent terrestrial hydrology in weather and climate modelling operational systems and research studies. We aim to improve hydrological perf…

Abstract. This study aims to investigate the seasonal cycle of carbon export flux in the ocean using the SISSOMA modeling framework. SISSOMA uses a 2-dimensional state space (size…

Abstract. Coarse-resolution climate and weather forecast models cannot accurately parameterize small-scale, nonlinear processes without accounting for subgrid-scale variability. T…

Abstract. The Earth system model EC-Earth3 for contributions to CMIP6 is documented here, with its flexible coupling framework, major model configurations, a methodology for ensur…