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Showing 2301 to 2350 of 59105 works
Radio-Source Tracker: Autonomous Attitude Determination on a Radio Interferometric Swarm
The development of satellite swarm technology offers new possibilities for space studies and comes with new challenges. Among them is the need of knowledge on the swarm topology a…
Localized Versus Non-Localized data: its Effect on Maize Nutrient Removal, Efficiencies and Budgets at a Global Scale.
Estimates of cropland nutrient budgets and nutrient use efficiencies at national to global scales generally rely on average nutrient concentrations for quantifying nutrients remov…
Identification of Source Faults of Large Earthquakes in the Turkey-Syria Border Region Between AD 1000 and the Present,…
The February 6 th , 2023, M w 7.8 Pazarcık earthquake in the Turkey-Syria border region raises the question of whether such a large earthquake could have been foreseen, as well …
The Influence of Solar Irradiation and Solar Wind Conditions on Heavy Ion Escape From Mars
We apply a recently proposed method to estimate heavy ion escape from Mars. The method combines in situ observations with a hybrid plasma model, which treats ions as particles and…
Growth and global persistence of stratospheric sulfate aerosols from the 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcanic erupti…
Stratospheric sulfate aerosols play a key role on atmospheric chemistry and Earth's radiation budget, but their size distribution, a critical parameter in climate models, is gener…
NUMAC: Description of the Nested Unified Model with Aerosols and Chemistry, and evaluation with KORUS-AQ data
We describe and evaluate a system for regional modeling of atmospheric composition with the Met Office Unified Model (UM), suitable for climate, weather forecasting and air qual…
Heat Transfer in Pyroclastic Density Current-Ice Interactions: Insights from Experimental and Numerical Simulations
Stratovolcanoes are common globally, with high altitude summit regions that are often glacier-clad and intersect the seasonal and perennial snow line. Explosive eruptions from str…
Multi-platform Observations of Severe Typhoon Koinu
Severe Typhoon Koinu passed south of Hong Kong on 8 and 9 October 2023, triggering the issurance of the Increasing Gale or Storm Signal No. 9, the second highest tropical cyclone …
Simultaneous inference of sea ice state and surface emissivity model using machine learning and data assimilation
Satellite microwave radiance observations are strongly sensitive to sea ice, but physical descriptions of the radiative transfer of sea ice and snow are incomplete. Further, the r…
Understanding Interactions between Terrestrial Water and Carbon Cycles Using Integrated SMAP Soil Moisture and OCO-2 SI…
Recently, more advanced synchronous global-scale satellite observations, the Soil Moisture Active Passive enhanced Level 3 (SMAP L3) soil moisture product and the Orbiting Carbon …
Past and Future Trends in Clear-Air Turbulence over the Northern Hemisphere
Clear-Air Turbulence (CAT) is associated with wind shear in the vicinity of jet streams in upper atmospheric levels. This turbulence occurs in cloudless regions and causes most we…
Improving GCM-based decadal ocean carbon flux predictions using observationally-constrained statistical models
Initialized climate model simulations have proven skillful for near-term predictability of the key physical climate variables. By comparison, predictions of biogeochemical fields …
The generation of 150 km echoes through nonlinear wave mode coupling
A fundamental problem in turbulence is understanding how energy cascades across multiple scales. In this paper, a new weak turbulence theory is developed to explain how energy can…
On the Mechanisms Driving Latent Heat Flux Variations in the Northwest Tropical Atlantic
The Northwest Tropical Atlantic (NWTA) is a region with complex surface ocean circulation. The most prominent feature is the North Brazil Current (NBC) and its retroflection at 8º…
Airborne Measurements of Scale-Dependent Latent Heat Flux Impacted by Water Vapor and Vertical Velocity over Heterogene…
The spatiotemporal variability of latent heat flux (LE) and water vapor mixing ratio (rv) variability are not well understood due to the scale-dependent and nonlinear atmospheric …
Enhancing Urban Climate-Energy Modeling in the Community Earth System Model (CESM) through Explicit Representation of U…
Improved representation of urban processes in Earth System Models (ESMs) is a pressing need for climate modeling and climate-driven urban energy studies. Despite recent improvemen…
Seasonal modulation of crustal seismicity in northeastern Japan driven by snow load
Numerous studies have reported that surface hydrological loading can seasonally modulate seismicity rates at crustal depths. For example, substantial winter snow accumulation occu…
Measuring bedload motion time at sub-second resolution using Benford's law on acoustic data
An important component of quantifying bedload transport flux is the identification of the onset of bedload motion. Bedload transport can be monitored with high temporal resolution…
More Frequent Spaceborne Sampling of XCO2 Improves Detectability of Carbon Cycle Seasonal Transitions in Arctic-Boreal …
Surface, aircraft, and satellite measurements indicate pervasive cold season CO2 emissions across Arctic regions, consistent with a hyperactive biosphere and increased metabolism …
Signatures of Dipolarizing Flux Bundles in the Nightside Auroral Zone
Dipolarizing flux bundles (DFBs) have been suggested to transport energy and momentum from regions of reconnection in the magnetotail to the high latitude ionosphere, where they c…
Optimization of Convolutional Neural Network models for spatially coherent multi-site fire danger predictions
The accurate prediction of the Fire Weather Index (FWI), a multivariate climate index for wildfire risk characterization, is crucial for both wildfire management and climate-resil…
Seismological constraints on the causes of intraplate earthquakes in Yangjiang region, South China
Large earthquakes that occur away from plate boundaries (i.e., large intraplate earthquakes), though rare, could cause heavy damage. Understanding their causes could help with sei…
The physics behind groundwater recession and hydrologically passive mixing volumes.
To estimate groundwater flow and transport, lumped conceptual models are widely used due to their simplicity and parsimony - but these models are calibration reliant as their para…
Crustal Thickness Variations and their Tectonic Implications beneath the Uttarakhand Himalayas and the adjoining Tecton…
We image the high-resolution velocity structures of the crust and uppermost mantle beneath the western part of the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen through tomographic inversion of local …
Aerosol Atmospheric Rivers as Drivers of Extreme Poor Air Quality Events and Record PM2.5 Levels
This study investigates the impacts of aerosol atmospheric rivers (AARs) on extreme Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5) levels (PM2.5 > 15mgm-3, as per the WHO) and on aerosol optical …
A multi-model ensemble of empirical and process-based models improves the predictive skill of near-term lake forecasts
Water temperature forecasting in lakes and reservoirs is a valuable tool to manage crucial freshwater resources in a changing and more variable climate, but previous efforts have …
Developing a Neural Network for the Identification of EMIC Wave Events
A supervised convolutional neural network (CNN) was developed to automatically identify electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) wave events from spectrograms. These events have usual…
Stresses induced by magma chamber inflation altered by mechanical layering and layer dip
Understanding the stress distribution around shallow magma chambers is vital for predicting eruption sites and magma propagation directions. To achieve accurate predictions, compr…
On the More Complex Wavelength Dependency of Airy Isostasy in Icy Shells of Ocean Worlds
The topography of ocean worlds is often used to infer ice shell thicknesses by assuming topography is compensated by a basal root. We systematically test the stability of isostati…
Non-orographic gravity waves in ground-based Rayleigh lidar observations
Temperature measurements by vertically staring ground-based Rayleigh lidars are often used to detect middle atmospheric gravity waves. In time-height diagrams of temperature pertu…
Strong Eddy Kinetic Energy Anomalies Induced by Baroclinic Instability in the Southwest Region of the Kerguelen Plateau…
Eddy activities are particularly prominent in the Southern Ocean due to the instabilities of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), which plays a critical role in energy transpo…
Observations of the shelf break current in the southern Weddell Sea: seasonal variability and mean state
The Antarctic Slope Front and the associated Antarctic Slope Current are central in determining the dynamics along and the exchanges across the continental shelf break around Anta…
Characterizing the Atmospheric Mn Cycle and Its Impact on Terrestrial Biogeochemistry
Manganese (Mn) is a key cofactor in enzymes responsible for lignin decay (mainly Mn peroxidase), regulating the rate of litter degradation and carbon (C) turnover in temperate and…
Numerical Analysis of Atmospheric Perturbations Induced by Large Wildfire Events
This study analyzes fire-induced winds from a wind-driven fire (Thomas Fire) and a plume-dominated fire (Creek Fire). Two numerical experiments, one without the fire present and t…
Integrating tide-driven wetland soil redox and biogeochemical interactions into a land surface model
Redox processes, aqueous and solid-phase chemistry, and pH dynamics are key drivers of subsurface biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial and wetland ecosystems but are typically no…
Regional and Teleconnected Impacts of Radiation-Topography Interaction over the Tibetan Plateau
Radiation-topography interaction plays an important role in the surface energy balance over the Tibetan Plateau (TP). However, the impacts of such interaction over the TP on clima…
Characteristics and mechanism of lake water changes in the Tianshan region during 2002-2022
The variations in the lake water storage in the Tianshan region are an important indicator of climate change and play a key role in understanding the hydrological mass balance. Ba…
The role of riverine bed roughness, egg pocket location, and egg pocket permeability on salmonid redd-induced hyporheic…
Salmon spawning activities alter streambed morphology, forming a dune-shaped egg nest called a redd. The spawning process increases redd sediment hydraulic conductivity, K D , and…
Robust weakening of the Gulf Stream during the past four decades observed in the Florida Straits
The Gulf Stream is a vital limb of the North Atlantic circulation that influences regional climate, sea level, and hurricane activity. Given the Gulf Stream’s relevance to weather…
Effect of Uncertainty in Water Vapor Continuum Absorption on CO2 Forcing, Longwave Feedback, and Climate Sensitivity
We assess the effect of uncertainty in water vapor continuum absorption on radiative forcing F, longwave feedback λ, and climate sensitivity S at surface temperatures Ts between 2…
The net GHG balance and budget of the permafrost region (2000-2020) from ecosystem flux upscaling
The northern permafrost region has been projected to shift from a net sink to a net source of carbon under global warming. However, estimates of the contemporary net greenhouse ga…
Examining Atmospheric River Life Cycles in East Antarctica
During atmospheric river (AR) landfalls on the Antarctic ice sheet, the high waviness of the circumpolar polar jet stream allows for sub-tropical air masses to be advected towards…
A review and outlook on the development and application of the DNDC model
Denitrification-Decomposition (DNDC) model, a mathematical construct that simulates biogeochemical processes including carbon and nitrogen dynamics, plant growth, and microbial ac…
A Refined Satellite-based Emissions Estimate from Onshore Oil and Gas Flaring and Venting Activities in the United Stat…
Emissions from flaring and venting (FV) in oil and gas (O&G) production are difficult to quantify due to their intermittent activities and lack of adequate monitoring and reportin…
Low blank sampling method for measurement of the nitrogen isotopic composition of atmospheric NOx
The nitrogen isotopic composition of nitrogen oxide (NOx) is useful for estimating its sources and sinks. Several methods have been developed to convert atmospheric nitric oxide (…
North-South and Vertical Deformation Across the Western Anatolian Extensional Province (Türkiye) from Sentinel-1 InSAR
Quantifying interseismic deformation of fault networks which are predominantly deforming in a north-south direction is challenging, because GNSS networks are usually not dense eno…
Supercells and Tornado-like Vortices in an Idealized Global Atmosphere Model
We investigate the representation of individual supercells and intriguing tornado-like vortices in a simplified, locally-refined global atmosphere model. The model, featuring grid…
Seismic ocean thermometry of the Kuroshio Extension region
Seismic ocean thermometry uses sound waves generated by repeating earthquakes to measure temperature change in the deep ocean. In this study, waves generated by earthquakes along …
Positive Late 20th-century Trend in Antarctic Snow Accumulation Drives Modest Mitigation of Sea Level Rise
Increasing snow accumulation over the Antarctic Ice Sheet may mitigate future sea level rise. However, current estimates of mitigation potential are poorly constrained due to limi…
A Lattice-Boltzmann model for simulating bedform-induced hyporheic exchange
The Lattice-Boltzmann (LB) method is applied here for the first time to simulate bedform-induced hyporheic exchange flow in a reduced complexity model. The flexibility of the LB a…
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