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Showing 2101 to 2150 of 59105 works
Shale 3D flow and interaction with basement faultsin the Niger Delta deep-water fold and thrust belt
This study is based on a large 3D seismic dataset in the deep-water domain in the Niger Delta. The study area is characterized by a series of WNW-ESE trending anticlines cored by …
Observation of a Source and Seed Electron Three-belt Event in the Earth's Radiation Belts Based on Arase Satellite
The relativistic (~500 keV–2 MeV) and ultra-relativistic (~> 2 MeV) electron three-belt structure can originate from the partial depletion of the preexisting outer belt and replen…
Surface ocean cooling in the Eocene North Atlantic coincides with declining atmospheric CO 2
The Eocene (56–34 million years ago) is characterised by declining sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the low latitudes (~4°C) and high southern latitudes (~8-11°C), in accord wit…
Observing the SO2 and Sulphate Aerosol Plumes from the 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Eruption with IASI
The Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano violently erupted on 15 January 2022, producing the largest perturbation of the stratospheric aerosol layer since Pinatubo 1991, despite the …
Antarctic Ice Sheet freshwater discharge drives substantial Southern Ocean changes over the 21$^{st}$ century
Multidecadal satellite observations indicate that the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) is losing mass at an accelerating rate, potentially impacting many aspects of the coupled climate s…
Radial Distribution of Light Elements in the Earth's Outer Core based on Thermodynamic Equilibrium in a Changing Gravit…
In a vertical column, the chemical potential of a component is affected by the change of gravitational potential. Thermodynamic calculations of the radial distribution of light el…
The estimation of b-value of the frequency-magnitude distribution and of its confidence intervals from binned magnitude…
The estimation of the slope (b-value) of the frequency magnitude distribution of earthquakes is based on a formula derived by Aki decades ago, assuming a continuous exponential di…
Modeling TEC Irregularities in the Northern Hemisphere Using Empirical Orthogonal Function Method
We develop a climatological model for the Northern Hemisphere based on a long-term dataset (2010-2021) of the rate of change of the total electron content (TEC) index (ROTI) maps …
The possible lab-leak origin of SARS-CoV-2: why is an inquiry into this matter so critical?
The progenitor of SARS-CoV-2 remains unknown, according to a preliminary report released on 9 June 2022 by the WHO panel. Jesse Bloom pondered about the SARS-CoV-2 emergence long …
Evaluating the Representations of Atmospheric Rivers and Their Associated Precipitation in Reanalyses with Satellite Ob…
Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are filaments of enhanced horizontal moisture transport in the atmosphere. Due to their prominent role in the meridional moisture transport and regiona…
Drivers of the Mixed Layer Salinity Seasonal Variability in the Arctic Ocean
The processes driving the seasonal variability of the mixed layer salinity in the Arctic Ocean are investigated using a simulation performed with regional ocean – sea ice model at…
SOURCE ANALYSIS OF DAYTIME MSTID USING OBSERVATION AND SIMULATION
Atmospheric gravity waves are known to be the source of medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) in the upper atmosphere. In recent studies, these gravity waves ha…
Climate energy balance models: two layers, orders, timescales, or regions?
Climate energy balance models (EBMs) – simple energy-balance-based models of climate change – are widely used. The simplest “linear” EBM is deficient in capturing the behavior of …
Considering Uncertainty of Historical Ice Jam Flood Records in a Bayesian Frequency Analysis for the Peace-Athabasca De…
The Peace-Athabasca Delta in Alberta, Canada has numerous perched basins that are primarily recharged after large ice jams cause floods (an ecological benefit). Previous studies h…
Dissolved Nitrogen Cycling in The Eastern Canadian Arctic Archipelago and Baffin Bay from Stable Isotopic Data
Climate change is expected to alter the input of nitrogen (N) sources in the Eastern Canadian Arctic Archipelago (ECAA) and Baffin Bay due to increased discharge from glacial melt…
Microanalysis Techniques to Study Atmospheric Ice Nucleation and Ice Crystal Growth
The prediction of how ice crystals form represents one of the great conundrums in the atmospheric sciences with important implications for the hydrological cycle and climate. Ice-…
Improving the Representation of Raindrop Size Distributions Using the In-situ Microphysics Observations Collected in Hu…
Raindrop Size Distributions (RSDs) samples from 15 flight missions though 6 hurricanes collected by Precipitation Imaging Probe (PIP) during National Oceanic and Atmospheric Admin…
Patterns of Alluviation in Mixed Bedrock-Alluvial Channels: 2. Controls on the Formation of Alluvial Patches
Understanding the development and spatial distribution of alluvial patches in mixed bedrock-alluvial rivers is necessary to predict the mechanisms of the interactions between sedi…
Constraining plant hydraulics with microwave radiometry in a land surface model: Impacts of temporal resolution
Vegetation water content (VWC) plays a key role in transpiration, plant mortality, and wildfire risk. Although land surface models now often contain plant hydraulics schemes, ther…
Nowcasting ETAS Earthquakes: Information Entropy of Earthquake Catalogs
Earthquake nowcasting has been proposed as a means of tracking the change in large earthquake potential in a seismically active area. The method was developed using observable sei…
How Important Is Small-Scale Geochemical Variability To Constraining Sources And Processes?
The low viscosity of mafic magmas generally promotes effusive to mildly explosive eruptions; however, highly explosive mafic volcanic activity does occur. Recent models suggest th…
An Assessment of Control Methods in Closed-Loop Agriculture Systems
Climate change and a growing global population pose ongoing threats to critical resources. As resources required by the agriculture sector continue to diminish, it is critical to …
Tropical anvil cirrus are highly sensitive to ice microphysics within a nudged global storm-resolving model
Cirrus dominate the longwave radiative budget of the tropics. For the first time, we quantify the variability in cirrus properties and longwave cloud radiative effects (CREs) that…
Neutral tropical African CO2 exchange estimated from aircraft and satellite observations
Tropical lands play an important role in the global carbon cycle yet their contribution remains uncertain owing to sparse observations. Satellite observations of atmospheric carbo…
Flexible foliar stoichiometry reduces the magnitude of the global land carbon sink
Increased plant growth under elevated CO2 slows the pace of climate warming and underlies projections of terrestrial carbon (C) and climate dynamics. However, this important ecosy…
Interplay between seismic and aseismic deformation on the Central Range fault during the 2013 Mw 6.3 Ruisui earthquake …
The 2013 Ruisui earthquake represents the first unequivocal evidence of the activity of the Central Range fault in central Longitudinal Valley, Taiwan. Using a joint Bayesian fini…
A Quantile Generalised Additive Approach for Compound Climate Extremes: Pan-Atlantic Extremes as a Case Study
We present an application of quantile generalised additive models (QGAMs) to study spatially compounding climate extremes, namely extremes that occur (near-) simultaneously in geo…
An Iterative Mathematical Climate Model of the Atmosphere of Titan
Titan, the giant moon of the planet Saturn, is recognized to have meteorological processes involving liquid methane that are analogous to the water generated atmospheric dynamics …
Disintegration and Buttressing Effect of the Landfast Sea Ice in the Larsen B Embayment, Antarctic Peninsula
The speed-up of glaciers following ice shelf collapse can accelerate ice mass loss dramatically. Investigating the deformation of landfast sea ice enables studying its resistive (…
Anthropogenic dust as a significant source of ice-nucleating particles in the urban environment
Anthropogenic dust is an important constituent of airborne particles in the urban environment but its ice nucleation activity remains uninvestigated. Here, we studied the sources …
Satellite Multi-angle Observations of Wildfire Smoke Plumes During the CalFiDE Field Campaign: Aerosol Plume Heights, P…
Wildfire-related aircraft field campaigns frequently offer opportunities to validate remote-sensing retrievals of aerosol properties and other quantities derived from satellite-bo…
Large impact of coarse-resolution atmospheric transport model error on land-ocean and tropic-extratropic partitioning a…
We show that forward simulations of global CO2 using an atmospheric transport model (ATM) at 0.5°×0.625° and 4°×5° resolutions differ significantly in vertical and meridional dist…
The Social Cost of Ozone-Related Mortality Impacts from Methane Emissions
Atmospheric methane directly affects surface temperatures and indirectly affects ozone, impacting human welfare, the economy, and environment. The social cost of methane (SC-CH…
Ocean coupling controls rupture velocity of fastest observed ice shelf rift propagation event
The Antarctic ice sheet is buttressed by floating ice shelves that calve icebergs along large fractures called rifts. We report the first-ever seismic recording of a multiple-kilo…
Evaporation and water sourcing dominate lake and stream isotopic variability across time and space in a High Arctic per…
Rapidly changing climate is disrupting the High Arctic’s natural water systems. This disruption demands high quality monitoring of Arctic hydrology to better reconstruct past chan…
Magnetism of the Acapulco Primitive Achondrite and Implications for the Evolution of Partially Differentiated Bodies
Primitive achondrites like the acapulcoites-lodranites (AL) clan are meteorites that formed on bodies in the process of forming a metallic core, providing a unique window into how…
The impact of velocity update frequency on time accuracy for mantle convection particle methods
Computing the velocity field is an expensive process for mantle convection codes. This has implications for particle methods used to model the advection of quantities such as t…
Unveiling the Quantum Frontier: A Journey into the Mechanics and Wonders of Quantum Computing
The main purpose of this research paper is to examine how quantum computing functions at both a mechanical and logical level. Through entanglement to parallelism, crucial concepts…
Statistical learning and topkriging improve spatio-temporal low-flow estimation
This study assesses the potential of a hierarchical space-time model for monthly low-flow prediction in Austria. The model decomposes the monthly low-flows into a mean field and a…
Local magnetic anomalies explain bias in paleomagnetic data: consequences for sampling
Volcanic rocks are considered reliable recorders of past changes in the Earth’s magnetic field. Recent flows, however, sometimes fail to produce the known magnetic field at the ti…
Developing a Multivariate Agro-Meteorological Index to Improve Capturing Onset and Persistence of Droughts Utilizing Va…
Drought is associated with adverse environmental and societal impacts across various regions. Therefore, drought monitoring based on a single variable may lead to unreliable infor…
Mississippi river chemistry impacts on the interannual variability of aragonite saturation state in the Northern Gulf o…
In the northern Gulf of Mexico shelf, the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River System (MARS) impacts the carbonate system by delivering freshwater with a distinct seasonal pattern in bot…
Volcanic ash classification through Machine Learning
Volcanic ash provides information that can help understanding the evolution of volcanic activity during the early stages of a crisis, and possible transitions towards different er…
Geophysical Evidence of the Collisional Suture Zone in the Prydz Bay, East Antarctica
The location and origin of Neoproterozoic-Cambrian sutures provide keys to understand the formation and evolution of the supercontinent Gondwana. The Larsemann Hills is located ne…
Gravity wave momentum fluxes estimated from Project Loon balloon data
We present estimates of gravity wave momentum fluxes calculated from Project Loon superpressure balloon data collected between 2013 and 2021. In total, we analyzed more than 5000 …
Comment on “Biases in Estimating Long-Term Recurrence Intervals of Extreme Events Due To Regionalized Sampling” by El R…
The ‘super-station’ approach has been adopted since 1980s as a pragmatic method of improving extreme‑value predictions by grouping short-length datasets from several measurement s…
The representation of marine surface fluxes is linked to intertropical convergence zone biases
Ocean-atmosphere coupled climate models struggle to produce a single northern hemisphere intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), and instead simulate ITCZ bands in both hemispheres…
Addressing Underestimation in Global Forest Structure Mapping
Mapping global vertical vegetation structure (VS) is critical for the quantification of global carbon stocks. While orbital LIDAR measurements of NASA’s Global Ecosystem Dynamics …
Statistics of Total Pressure in Kinetic Plasma Turbulence
Although pressure plays a vital role in the dynamics of the turbulent plasmas, pressure statistics have not been studied as extensively as other plasma properties. The studies tha…
Indirect Observations of Electric Fields at Comet 67P
No spacecraft visiting a comet has been equipped with instruments to directly measure the static electric field. However, the electric field can occasionally be estimated indirect…
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