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Showing 1551 to 1600 of 59105 works
The Ionospheric Leg of the Substorm Current Wedge: Combining Iridium and Ground Magnetometers
Utilising magnetic field measurements made by the Iridium satellites and by ground magnetometers in North America we calculate the full ionospheric current system and investigate …
The Past and Future of the Fisheries and Marine Ecosystem Model Intercomparison Project
Climate-driven ecosystem changes are increasingly affecting the world’s ocean ecosystems, necessitating urgent guidance on adaptation strategies to limit or prevent catastrophic i…
Future trends of global agricultural emissions of ammonia in a changing climate
Because of human population growth, global livestock, and associated ammonia, emisions are projected to increase through the end of the century, with possible impacts on atmospher…
Ferric iron evolution during crystallization of the Earth and Mars
Magma ocean crystallization models that track fO2 evolution can reproduce the D/H ratios of both the Earth and Mars without the need for exogenous processes. Fractional crystalliz…
Solar and solar wind energy drivers for O+ and O2+ ion escape at Mars
Mars once had a dense atmosphere enabling liquid water existing on its surface, however, much of that atmosphere has since escaped to space. We examine how incoming solar and sola…
El Niño 2023 and future climate change exacerbates public health crises in Kenya
In Kenya, the heavy rains in April 2024, which triggered flash floods that killed at least 228 people, left 72 others missing and displaced more than 212,000 people, were linked t…
A non-stationary climate-informed weather generator for assessing of future flood risks
We present a novel non-stationary Regional Weather Generator (nsRWG) based on an auto-regressive process and marginal distributions conditioned on climate variables. We use large-…
A Deep Learning-Based Data Assimilation Approach to Characterizing Coastal Aquifers Amid Non-linearity and Non-Gaussian…
Seawater intrusion (SI) poses a substantial threat to water security in coastal regions, where numerical models play a pivotal role in supporting groundwater management and protec…
Trends in oceanic precipitation characteristics inferred from shipboard present-weather reports, 1950-2019
Manual shipboard present weather reports from 1950 to 2019 are aggregated and composited yearly and seasonally on a $1^\circ \times 1^\circ$ grid to characterize the global climat…
Paleomagnetic imprints of sulfate reduction pathways in continental shelf sediments: organoclastic versus anaerobic oxi…
Marine continental shelf sediments with high deposition rates may provide useful archives of rapid geomagnetic secular variation as long as the primary magnetization is not altere…
Future Biogeochemical Conditions in Southern South China Sea from CMIP6 Model Projection
This study employs Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 Earth System Models under Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) scenarios SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5 to inves…
Observations of elevated mixing and periodic structures within diurnal warm layers
A fleet of surface drifters (SWIFTs) equipped with down-looking high-resolution ADCPs were used to estimate the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) dissipation rate (ε) within highly s…
Marine Animals as a Global Reservoir of Plastic Pollution: A Case Study on Sea Turtles
Marine wildlife ingest plastic pollution, making them a reservoir for plastic debris and an important part of the “where is all the plastic” puzzle. To date, we lack estimates of …
Engineering rice to perform better under dynamic light regimes
Light levels change throughout the day, are affected by climate and weather, and are filtered by the local environment. Switching between low and high levels of light over varying…
Analysis of ICESat-2 Data Acquisition Algorithm Parameter Enhancements to Improve Worldwide Bathymetric Coverage
A major advance in global bathymetric observation occurred in 2018 with the launch of NASA’s ICESat-2 satellite, carrying a green-wavelength, photon-counting lidar, the Advanced…
Biogeochemical implication of massive episodic flood deposition: Model-Data integration
Coastal deltas are depocenter for materials transported from riverine channels. Under regime of extreme flood events, this zone can experience large sediment deposition within a s…
The SDGs provide limited evidence that environmental policies are delivering multiple ecological and social benefits
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), aiming for global targets by 2030, are tracked by a monitoring framework comprising 231 environmental, social, and economic indicators. T…
Climate adaptation for a natural atoll island in the Maldives - predicting the long-term morphological response of cora…
Coral atoll islands, common in tropical and subtropical oceans, consist of low-lying accumulations of carbonate sediment produced by fringing coral reef systems and are of great s…
Progression of Ocean Interior Acidification over the Industrial Era
Ocean acidification driven by the uptake of anthropogenic CO 2 represents a major threat to ocean ecosystems, yet little is known about its progression beneath the surface. Here, …
Unoccupied aerial systems adoption in agricultural research
A comprehensive survey and subject-expert interviews conducted among agricultural researchers investigated perceived value and barriers to the adoption of unoccupied aerial syst…
Integrating Climate Change Into Invasive Species Management: a Risk Assessment Survey Analysis to Identify Species of C…
Climate change is expected to influence the frequency and severity of biological invasions in a variety of ways, including creating novel introduction pathways, decreasing the res…
On the Statistical Significance of Local Land Cover Measurements: A Comparative Analysis of Citizen Science and Remote …
Accurate land cover data can provide powerful insight into characterizing the effects of climate change. Remote sensing satellites enable state-of-the-art land cover measurements,…
Fossil fuel CO2 emission signatures over India captured by OCO-2 satellite measurements
Monitoring greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is crucial for developing effective mitigation strategies. Recent advances in satellite remote-sensing measurements allow us to ack green…
Knowledge gaps in quantifying the climate change response of biological storage of carbon in the ocean
The ocean is responsible for taking up approximately 25% of anthropogenic CO2 emissions and stores > 50 times more carbon than the atmosphere. Biological processes in the ocean pl…
On the Seasonal Cycle of Phytoplankton Bio-Optical Properties Inside a Warm Core Ring in the Gulf of Mexico
Four underwater glider missions were carried out to sample the physical and bio-optical properties inside a Loop Current Eddy (LCE) in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM), to investigate whe…
Can mesoscale eddy kinetic energy sources and sinks be inferred from sea surface height in the Agulhas Current region?
Western boundaries have been suggested as mesoscale eddy graveyards, using a diagnostic of the eddy kinetic energy (EKE) flux divergence based on sea surface height (η). The grave…
Constraints and Drivers of Dissolved Fluxes of Pyrogenic Carbon in Soil and Freshwater Systems: a Global Review and Met…
Pyrogenic carbon (PyC) is a significant component of the global soil carbon pool due to its longer environmental persistence than other soil organic matter components. Despite PyC…
A Predictive Theory For Heat Transport Into Ice Shelf Into Ice Shelf Cavities
Antarctic ice shelves are losing mass at drastically different rates, primarily due to differing rates of oceanic heat supply to their bases. However, a generalized theory for t…
Evaluating Cloud Properties at Scott Base: Comparing Ceilometer Observations with ERA5, JRA55, and MERRA2 Reanalyses Us…
This study compares CL51 ceilometer observations made at Scott Base, Antarctica, with statistics from the ERA5, JRA55, and MERRA2 reanalyses. To enhance the comparison we use a li…
Convectively-induced secondary circulations and wind-driven heat fluxes in the surface energy balance over land
Weather and climate models are increasingly used at kilometer-scale resolutions that develop a variety of secondary circulations, including horizontal roll vortices and cold pool …
Statistical Methods for Interpreting Spatial and Temporal Heterogeneity of Martian Tropical Water Ice Informed by Prope…
The martian tropical water ice spatial and temporal distribution was characterized using impact crater ejecta type, location, size, and age in one of two epochs, <=3.4 Ga and $>3.…
Investigating snow sinks on level sea ice in the Arctic
We examined snow sinks caused by snow and sea ice interactions (snow-ice formation and sub-parcel snow mass redistribution) on level sea ice in the Arctic. We coupled SnowModel-LG…
Exploring site-specific carbon dioxide removal options with storage or sequestration in the marine environment - The 10…
Marine carbon dioxide removal (mCDR) and geological carbon storage in the marine environment (mCS) promise to contribute to the mitigation of global climate change in combination …
Development of a data-driven lightning model for implementation in Global Climate Models
This study proposes a new global-scale lightning model, predicting lightning rates from large-scale climatic variables. Using satellite lightning records spanning a period of 29 y…
Global response of ocean stratification to climatic forcing
Oceanic stratification plays a key role in climate by modulating the ocean’s resistance to be mixed vertically. It has been traditionally assumed that, beyond the deepest reach of…
Combined Role of the MJO and ENSO in Shaping Extreme Warming Patterns and Coral Bleaching Risk in the Great Barrier Reef
Local meteorology over the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) can significantly influence ocean temperatures, which in turn impacts coral ecosystems. While El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENS…
Assimilating Morning, Evening, and Nighttime Greenhouse Gas Observations in Atmospheric Inversions
Improved urban greenhouse gas (GHG) flux estimates are crucial for informing policy and mitigation efforts. Atmospheric inversion modelling (AIM) is a widely used technique combin…
What is “dust”? Three-decade observations of aerosol chemical composition during dust storms over the continental Unite…
This work presents 30-year observations of dust chemical composition by the IMPROVE network in the United States. Analysis of 1,253 large dust storms detected at the IMPROVE sites…
The effect of coupling between CLUBB turbulence scheme and surface momentum flux on global wind simulations
The higher-order turbulence scheme, Cloud Layers Unified by Binormals (CLUBB), is known for effectively simulating the transition from cumulus to stratocumulus clouds within leadi…
Pre-flight and In-flight Calibration and Performance of the Terminal Tracking Cameras (TTCams) on the NASA Lucy Mission
The Terminal Tracking Camera (TTCam) imaging system on the NASA Lucy Discovery mission consists of a pair of cameras that will be used mainly as a navigation and target acquisitio…
Marine phosphate level during the Archean constrained by the global redox budget
Understanding the oceanic phosphate concentration is critical for understanding marine productivity and oxygen evolutions throughout Earth history. During the Archean, estimates o…
Internal tide energy transfers induced by mesoscale circulation and topography across the North Atlantic
The interaction between the internal tide and the mesoscale circulation are studied from the internal tide energy budget perspective. To that end, the modal energy budget of the i…
Addressing the Urgent Need for Direct Climate Cooling: Rationale and Options
• Climate change and impacts will continue to accelerate until the warming influences are reduced or offset by direct cooling approaches. • Direct climate cooling approaches have …
Gravity Waves Enhance the Extreme Precipitation in Henan, China, July 2021
This study utilizes radar, sounding observations, and convective-permitting simulations with a non-hydrostatic mesoscale model to investigate the effects of gravity waves originat…
Sulfur Speciation in Apatite Showing Late Stage Magma Reduction in Eocene Great Basin Magmas
Eocene arc magmatism is recognized to be responsible for the great quantities of porphyry Cu and Carlin-type Au mineralization in the Great Basin. However, an enigmatic spatial di…
Investigating Rock Alterations in Underground Hydrogen Storage (UHS): A Geochemical and Geomechanical Study
This study aims to explore the potential of underground hydrogen storage, its effects on rock formations, and the subsequent implications for energy and environmental sustainabili…
Advancing Enhanced Weathering Modeling in Soils: Systematic Comparison and Validation with Experimental Data
Enhanced weathering (EW) is a promising strategy to remove atmospheric CO2 by amending agricultural and forestry soils with ground silicate materials. However, the current model-b…
Realizing Photo-sieving: A Novel and Open-Source UAV-SFM Algorithm for Grain Size Distribution Maps of Coarse Particles
GSD (grain size distribution), constitutes a paramount parameter for comprehending the behavior and dynamic mechanics of mass movements, such as debris flows, rock avalanches, sed…
The Ocean System Pathways (OSPs): a new scenario and simulation framework to investigate the future of the world fisher…
The Fisheries and Marine Ecosystems Model Intercomparison Project (FishMIP) has dedicated a decade to unravelling the future impacts of climate change on marine animal biomass. Fi…
Suppression of nitrogen deposition on global forest soil CH4 uptake depends on nitrogen status
Methane (CH4) is the second most important atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) and forest soils are a significant sink for atmospheric CH4. Uptake of CH4 by global forest soils is af…
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