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Showing 1251 to 1300 of 59105 works
Synchronization in hydrologic processes and modeling the response with concepts, physics and neural networks
All rainfall-runoff models tend to degrade in performance when used in arid basins, as compared to their performance in basins with plenty of precipitation with respect to actual …
Influence of Carbon Dioxide on Micro-cracking in Calcite: An Atomistic Scale Investigation
In candidate formations for geological Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), carbonate minerals (e.g., calcite) are ubiquitously presented. The dynamic process of chemically induced a…
Learning to infer weather states using partial observations
Accurate state estimation of the high-dimensional, chaotic Earth atmosphere marks a Sisyphean task, yet is indispensable for initiating weather forecast and gauging climate variab…
Length and time scales for precipitation during carbon mineralization
In this study, we identify the key length and time scales associated with CO2 mineralization in basalt reservoirs. This is achieved through the development and application of a si…
On critical dependence of atmospheric circulation response to regional SST biases on background SST
This study examines how the geographic location of sea surface temperature (SST) biases influences global atmospheric responses. Utilizing an intermediate-complexity atmospheric m…
Hydroclimatic vulnerability of wetlands to upwind land use changes
Despite their importance, wetland ecosystems protected through the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands are under pressure from climate change and human activities. These drivers are alt…
Decadal variability of ice-shelf melting in the Amundsen Sea driven by sea-ice freshwater fluxes
The ice streams flowing into the Amundsen Sea, West Antarctica, are losing mass due to changes in the oceanic basal melting of their floating ice shelves. Rapid ice-shelf melting …
Stratigraphy-Induced Localization of Microseismicity During CO2 Injection in Illinois Basin
Subsurface fluid injection stimulates complex hydromechanical interaction, necessitating the integration of geomechanical data across spatial and temporal scales to consider the s…
High-resolution climate change projections of atmospheric rivers over the South Pacific
Atmospheric rivers (ARs) play a critical role in moisture transport across the Southern Hemisphere mid-latitudes and often produce extreme rainfall events across New Zealand. Here…
Exploring Optimal Complexity for Water Stress Representation in Terrestrial Carbon Models: A Hybrid-Machine Learning Mo…
Terrestrial biosphere models offer a comprehensive view of the global carbon cycle by integrating ecological processes across scales, yet they introduce significant uncertaintie…
Antecedent Conditions Mitigate Carbon Loss During Flash Drought Events
Flash droughts– the rapid drying of land and intensification of drought conditions - have devasting impacts to natural resources, food supplies, and the economy. Less is currently…
Long-term mass loss from the accumulation zone of the Llewellyn Glacier, SE Alaska
Satellite-derived velocity data products and mass loss estimates can be problematic when applied to slow-moving systems with smaller magnitude changes such as the accumulation zon…
Compound flooding from storm surges, rivers, and groundwater - Hydrodynamic modelling in a coastal catchment
Coastal zones are particularly vulnerable to flooding. Several climatic and state variables may drive the occurrence of such events, e.g., storm surges, sea level rise, heavy rain…
Assessment of Technology Suitability for Remediation of Cr-Contaminated Sites: A SWOT Analysis
The remediation of chromium (Cr) contaminated sites presents a complex challenge due to the hazardous nature of Cr compounds and their adverse impacts on human health and the envi…
Non-linear Interaction between Cold Front Induced Storm Surge and Tides in a Shallow Bayhead Delta
Atmospheric cold fronts are frequently occurring perturbations to the northern Gulf of Mexico coastal region. Given the low-lying elevations in this region and the connectivity be…
Physics-based Risk Assessment of Compound Flooding from Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones in a Warming Climate
In recent years, efforts to assess the evolving risks of coastal compound surge and rainfall-driven flooding from tropical cyclones (TCs) and extratropical cyclones (ETCs) in a wa…
Formation of meandering streams in a young floodplain within the Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon in the Tibetan Plateau
The Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon in southern Tibetan Plateau typically features incised bedrock and wide braided rivers. Yet, a recent discovery of two unique meandering streams w…
Air temperature trends and extreme warming events across regions of Antarctica for the period 2003-2021
We have characterized the magnitude and spatial extent of observed regional and inter-regional air temperature trends and warming extremes across Antarctica. Prior studies have …
Electron Acceleration via Secondary Reconnection in the Separatrix Region of Magnetopause Reconnection
Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental process known to play a crucial role in electron acceleration and heating, however, the mechanism of electron energization during reconnecti…
Microphysical interactions determine the effectiveness of Solar Radiation Modification via Stratospheric Solid Particle…
Recent studies have suggested that stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) of solid particles for climate intervention could reduce stratospheric warming compared to injection of SO…
Filtered Ensemble-based Tangent Linear Model for the Operational EnVar Data Assimilation System
The ensemble-based tangent linear model (ETLM), which evolves the static background error covariance (BEC) in time in the data assimilation window, is beneficial for improving the…
Gravel replenishment downstream dams: insights from a flume experiment on morphological effects in a straight embanked …
Alternate gravel bars usually appear in embanked gravel-bed river channels regulated by dams, causing safety risks to hydraulic structures and modifying fluvial ecology. Managing …
THE GEOPHYSICAL COUPLING BEFORE EARTHQUAKES FROM MULTIPARAMETRIC STUDIES
The scientific debate on the existence of possible precursors before large earthquakes has been wide and brought to not univocal conclusions. One observable alone is clearly insuf…
Remobilization of Inverted Normal Faults Drives Active Extension in the Axial Zone of the Southern Apennines Mountain B…
The Irpinia region is one of the most seismically active areas of Italy due to ongoing, late-orogenic extension in the axial zone of the Apennines mountain belt. However, the 3D a…
Developing a Southern Ocean Marine Ecosystem Model Ensemble To Assess Climate Risks and Uncertainties
Climate change could irreversibly modify Southern Ocean ecosystems. Marine ecosystem model (MEM) ensembles can assist policy making by projecting future changes and allowing the e…
A Factor Two Difference in 21st-Century Greenland Ice Sheet Surface Mass Balance Projections from Three Regional Climat…
The Arctic is warming rapidly, significantly reducing the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) surface mass balance (SMB) and raising its contribution to global sea-level rise. Since these …
Tides in complex coastal regions: early case studies from wide-swath SWOT measurements
Studying ocean tides with satellite altimetry has traditionally been difficult in coastal regions. The 1-day repeat of the Cal/Val phase of SWOT provides a unique dataset that can…
HESPERIA REleASE+: Improving Solar Proton Event Forecasting by means of Automated Recognition of Type-III Radio Bursts
This work reports on an attempt towards improving the Relativistic Electron Alert System for Exploration (REleASE): the occurrence of a type-III radio burst as a precondition for …
An initial assessment of volcanic meteo-tsunamis hazard in the South China Sea shows considerable bathymetric effects
Volcanic meteo-tsunamis, though rare, can pose significant threats to people, as exemplified by the 2022 Hunga Tonga – Hunga Ha’apai (HT-HH) eruption in the SW Pacific. While vari…
Forest Friendly Flow Gauge: DIY Tipping Bucket for Precise Interception Loss Estimation!
Hydrological observation networks are inadequate and declining, hindering advancements in hydrology, particularly in hydrological budgeting, where interception loss remains unmeas…
Cross-attractor transforms: Improving forecasts by learning optimal maps between dynamical systems and imperfect models
Biased, incomplete models are often used for forecasting states of complex dynamical systems by mapping an estimate of a “true’ initial state into model phase space, making a fore…
Orbital (Hydro)Climate Variability in the Ice-Free early Eocene Arctic
We explore the imprint of orbital variability on Arctic temperature and hydrology using sediments recovered during the Arctic Coring Expedition in 2004. High resolution records of…
On the Performance of a Real-Time Electron Radiation Belt Specification Model
Maintaining accurate real-time hindcast and forecast specification of the radiation environment is essential for operators to monitor and mitigate the effects of hazardous radiati…
Isotropic high-frequency radiation in near-fault seismic data
We systematically compare Fourier Amplitude Spectra of Fault Normal (FN) and Fault Parallel (FP) seismograms at near-fault sites for 11 strike-slip earthquakes with magnitudes M≥6…
Fine sediment in mixed sand-silt environments impacts bedform geometry by altering sediment mobility
Geometric characteristics of subaqueous bedforms, such as height, length and leeside angle, are crucial for determining hydraulic form roughness and interpreting sedimentary recor…
Formation of Standing Whistler Wave in Earth's Magnetosheath
The dispersion of shock is universal in various media, and in plasmas, standing whistler waves represent the dispersion of collisionless shocks. However, at present, our understan…
The Unique Seasonal Influence of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field on Martian Proton Aurora
We evaluate for the first time the large-scale influence of the upstream interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) magnitude and orientation on Martian proton aurora. We identify a corr…
Abrupt Changes in the Timing and Magnitude of the North Atlantic Bloom Over the 21st Century
The North Atlantic subpolar gyre is a key region for the North Atlantic phytoplankton bloom (NAB), the foundation of the regional foodweb. The NAB is dependent on nutrients season…
Anthropogenic aerosols have significantly weakened the regional summertime circulation in the Northern Hemisphere durin…
Reanalysis data show a significant weakening of summertime circulation in the Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes in the satellite era with important implications for surface weather…
Lagrangian Eddy Trapping Fosters Chlorophyll Hot Spots in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
Vertical motions associated with mesoscale ocean eddies modulate the light and nutrient environment, stimulating phytoplankton biomass and chlorophyll anomalies. Populations withi…
The influence of changing warming patterns on transient global warming
The pattern of surface warming plays a significant role in the Earth’s response to radiative forcing as it influences climate feedbacks. Distinct patterns of surface warming lead …
Impact of Arctic and Antarctic Sudden Stratospheric Warmings on Thermospheric Composition
Using the Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) and the Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI), we examine the impact of sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) on the chan…
Complex Patterns of Sediment Erosion and Deposition under Sea-Level Variations Change: Insights from a Coupled Stratigr…
Fluvial deltas have worldwide socio-economic importance as human development and infrastructure centers and provide several ecosystem services, including storm protection and nurs…
Exploring the accretion of multiple microcontinents using numerical models
During closure of an ocean through subduction and continental collision, bathymetric highs such as microcontinents can accrete, collide, or partially or completely subduct. Such i…
Transport and distribution of sodium ions in Mercury’s magnetosphere: results from multi-fluid MHD simulations
In the absence of a substantial ionosphere, solar wind protons dominate the plasma content within Mercury’s magnetosphere. However, Mercury is surrounded by a tenuous neutral exos…
What can lightning and shipping regulations tell us about aerosols in deeply convecting clouds?
Lightning flashes result from charge separation caused by colliding ice particles. They are particularly prevalent in continental convection but also occur over oceans, where thei…
On the Fundamental Additive Modes of Ocean Color Absorption
Previous principal component analysis of ocean color absorption coefficient spectra 𝑎(𝜆) have shown the variation in these data is captured by a few eigenfunctions. Here, we perfo…
First Time-Resolved Leader Spectra associated with a Downward Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flash detected at the Telescope Arr…
Optical emissions associated with Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs) have recently become important subjects in space-based and ground-based observations since these emissions p…
Limits of solar flare forecasting models and new deep learning approach
Reliable forecasting models are necessary to mitigate the risks posed by solar flares to human technology. This study introduces a novel deep learning forecasting approach while e…
Nutrient Replenishment by Turbulent Mixing in Suspended Macroalgal Farms
This study uses large eddy simulations to investigate nutrient transport and uptake in suspended macroalgal farms. Various farm configurations and oceanic forcing conditions are e…
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