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Showing 11101 to 11150 of 59105 works
Biological Impacts of Physics through Idealized Tracers: Changes in the seasonal cycle of vertical exchange from early …
In this study we introduce a pair of idealized tracers to quantify how changes in physical advection and mixing under climate change affect the nutrient supply, new production, an…
The internal structure of Mercury's core inferred from magnetic observations
Previous models of Mercury's core magnetic field based on high altitude data from first MESSENGER flybys revealed an axisymmetric. Here we use low altitude MESSENGER data covering…
Extreme events driving year-to-year differences in gross primary productivity across the US
Solar-Induced chlorophyll Fluorescence (SIF) has previously been shown to strongly correlate with gross primary productivity (GPP), however this relationship has not yet been quan…
The case for a multi-channel polarization sensitive LIDAR for investigation of insolation-driven ices and atmospheres P…
All LIDAR instruments are not the same, and advancement of LIDAR technology requires an ongoing interest and demand from the community to foster further development of the require…
Building a Geological Cyber-infrastructure: Automatically detecting Clasts in Photomicrographs
To incentivize the participation and contribution to the growth of an earth-science-based cyberinfrastructure, analytical environments need to be developed that allow automatic an…
Catastrophic failure: how and when? Insights from 4D in-situ x-ray micro-tomography
Catastrophic failure of brittle rocks is important in managing risk associated with system-sized material failure. Such failure is caused by nucleation, growth and coalescence of …
CALCULATED LITHOSPHERIC STRENGTH ENVELOPES: IMPLICATIONS FOR UNDERSTANDING ELASTIC AND SEISMOGENIC LAYER THICKNESSES ON…
Calculated lithospheric strength envelopes (s) are rheological models of the lithosphere that are useful in understanding the elastic () and seismogenic () thicknesses of the lith…
The Global Distribution of Ultra-Low-Frequency Waves in Jupiter's Magnetosphere
Jupiter’s giant magnetosphere is a complex system seldom in a configuration approximating steady state, and a clear picture of its governing dynamics remains elusive. Crucial to u…
Three-dimensional hydraulic tomography analysis of long-term municipal wellfield operations: Validation with synthetic …
This study proposes the utilization of municipal well records as an alternative dataset for large-scale heterogeneity characterization of hydraulic conductivity () and specific st…
Distribution of broad plasma depletions in the equatorial F region observed by the C/NOFS satellite
Broad plasma depletions (BPDs) are bubble-like plasma depletions in the equatorial F region whose longitudinal widths (> 4 degree) are greater than those of regular bubbles. Their…
Seismic discrimination of controlled explosions and earthquakes near Mount St. Helens using P/S ratios
Explosions and earthquakes are effectively discriminated by P/S amplitude ratios for moderate magnitude events (M≥4) observed at regional to teleseismic distances (≥200 km). It is…
Substantial climate response outside the target area in an idealized experiment of regional radiation management
Radiation management (RM) has been proposed as a conceivable climate engineering (CE) intervention to mitigate global warming. In this study, we use a coupled climate model (MPI-E…
Anticipation in the Search for Technosignatures: a viewpoint
The concept of “technosignatures” has been defined within the encompassing endeavor of searching for life beyond Earth as “evidence of some technology that modifies its environmen…
Contrasting recent trends in Southern Hemisphere Westerlies across different ocean basins
Many studies have documented the trends in the latitudinal position and strength of the midlatitude westerly jet in the Southern Hemisphere. However, very little attention has bee…
Sustainable Water Management Framework in Urban Areas and Smart Cities in Context of Governance, Infrastructure, Econom…
The demand for water supply and sanitation services is growing fast owing to the interactive effects of demographic growth, economic development and improvements in living standar…
The hydraulic conductivity of a shaped fracture with permeable walls
We investigate the flow-wise variation of the hydraulic conductivity inside a non-uniformly shaped fracture with permeable walls. Using lubrication theory for viscous flows, in co…
Circulation in the western South Atlantic shelf and1export to the deep adjacent ocean -30 to 40{degree sign} S
High sea surface chlorophyll concentration on the Argentine Continental Shelf (ACS) frequently extends to the deep ocean in the vicinity of the Brazil/Malvinas Confluence (BMC). T…
Progress in monitoring landcover and human presence in the Arctic based on satellite data
Landcover information is of relevance for a range of applications in Arctic environments including up-scaling of in situ measurements, permafrost monitoring and modelling and clim…
Survival of the strong, slow, and dense: Field evidence for rapid, transport-dependent bed material abrasion of heterog…
Bed material abrasion is a major control on the partitioning of basin-scale sediment fluxes between coarse and fine material. While abrasion is traditionally treated as an exponen…
Extraction of multimodal dispersion curves from ambient noise with compressed sensing
Although higher-mode surface wave dispersion curves can provide additional constraints on the subsurface velocity structure, their extraction from ambient noise data remains more …
The Impact of COVID-19 Shutdown on Particulate Pollution: Analysis of Satellite and Ground Observations
During COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, many cities and areas were shutdown to control the virus spread. The shutdown introduced reduced emissions from vehicles and power plants. In thi…
S-coda and Rayleigh waves from a decade of repeating earthquakes reveal discordant temporal velocity changes since the …
Temporal changes in the subsurface seismic velocity structure reflect the physical processes that modulate the properties of the media through which seismic waves propagate. These…
Electromagnetic Simulation by Curvilinear Collocated Grid Finite Difference Method
Traditional finite difference method for electromagnetic simulation is based on staggered grid, whilst researches on collocated grid are few. We present a high-order collocated-gr…
Environmental Controls on Diffusive and Ebullitive Methane Emission at a Sub-Daily Time Scale in the Littoral Zone of a…
Environmental controls on methane (CH) emission from lakes are poorly understood at sub-daily time scales due to a lack of continuous data, especially for ebullition. We used a no…
Investigation of the gradient drift instability as a cause of density irregularities in subauroral polarization streams
Density irregularities have been observed in subauroral polarization streams (SAPS). One hypothesis of the cause of this ionospheric turbulence, based on the background morphology…
Annual and Seasonal Surface Circulation over the Mid Atlantic Bight Continental Shelf Derived from a Decade of High Fre…
A decade (2007-2016) of hourly 6 km resolution maps of the surface currents across the Mid Atlantic Bight (MAB) generated by a regional-scale High Frequency Radar network are used…
Influence of Shear Heating and Thermomechanical Coupling on Earthquake Sequences and the Brittle-Ductile Transition
Localized frictional sliding on faults in the continental crust transitions at depth to distributed deformation in viscous shear zones. This brittle-ductile transition (BDT), and/…
Mobilization of geochemical elements in the active layer of permafrost to surface water in Russian Arctic
The predicted increasing ground temperatures in the Arctic results in the deepening of the active layer and intensification of geochemical processes, which could affect the geoche…
Soil infiltration characteristics and pore distribution under freezing-thawing conditions
Frozen soil infiltration widely occurs in hydrological processes such as seasonal soil freezing and thawing, snowmelt infiltration, and runoff. Accurate measurement and simulation…
The Role of Convection in Tropical Ozone Trends (1998-2018) Based on SHADOZ Profiles
Quantifying variability in the lowermost stratosphere (LMS) is important because of feedbacks among changing temperature, dynamics and species like ozone. We used reprocessed Sout…
Linking Large-Eddy Simulations to local cloud observations
Linking large-eddy simulations to local observations of clouds enables us to investigate clouds and microphysical processes and to improve our understanding as well as the respect…
Arctic Ocean in CMIP6 Models: Historical and projected temperature and salinity in the deep basins
We examine the historical and projected hydrography in the deep basin of the Arctic Ocean in 23 climate models participating in the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercompariso…
How do the nitrogen ions escape the Earth's atmosphere?
Nitrogen is the most abundant element in the Earth’s atmosphere. Around 78% N2; and 21% O2; form the air we breathe and expand into high-altitude atmosphere, the thermosphere, and…
Short-Term Interaction between Silent and Devastating Earthquakes in Mexico
The triggering of large earthquakes on a fault hosting aseismic slip or, conversely, the triggering of slow slip events (SSE) by passing seismic waves involves seismological quest…
Linking the different diameter types of aspherical desert dust indicates that models underestimate coarse dust emission
Measurements of dust size usually obtain the optical or the projected area-equivalent diameters, whereas model calculations of dust impacts use the geometric and the aerodynamic d…
How well do large-eddy simulations and global climate models represent observed boundary layer structures and low cloud…
Climate models struggle to accurately represent the highly reflective boundary layer clouds overlying the remote and stormy Southern Ocean. We use in-situ aircraft observations fr…
Toward data-driven generation and evaluation of model structure for integrated representations of human behavior in wat…
Simulations of human behavior in water resources systems are challenged by uncertainty in model structure and parameters. The increasing availability of observations describing th…
Reasonable agreements and mismatches between land-surface-water-area estimates based on a global river model and Landsa…
Land surface water is a key component of the global water cycle. Compared to remote sensing by satellites, both temporal extension and spatial continuity is superior in modeling o…
Physics-based Simulation Can Facilitate Hypothesis Testing for Increasingly Dynamic Coastal Permafrost Systems
Declining sea ice in the Arctic Ocean is exposing its coasts to more frequent and intense forms of wave energy and storm surge. As a result, erosion rates along some stretches of …
Characterization of Transient Induced Current Events in Ground Magnetometer Data
We present a characterization of large amplitude, short-timescale geomagnetic disturbances that we refer to as transient induced current (TIC) events. TIC events are defined as on…
Assessing the recent impact of COVID-19 on carbon emissions from China using domestic economic data
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused tremendous loss to human life and economic decline in China. A timely assessment of COVID-19’s impact on provincial …
Caption This! Best practices for live captioning of jargon-rich scientific presentations
Whether your scientific presentation is in-person or remote, everyone will understand more of your presentation if it has captions. Like subtitles of a movie, open captioning make…
A Tsunami Warning System based on Offshore Bottom Pressure Gauges and Data Assimilation for Crete Island in the Eastern…
The Eastern Mediterranean Basin (EMB) is under the threat of tsunami events triggered by various causes including earthquakes and landslides. We propose a deployment of Offshore B…
Minimal climate impacts from short-lived climate forcers following emission reductions related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
We present an assessment of the impacts on atmospheric composition and radiative forcing of short-lived pollutants following worldwide decrease in anthropogenic activity and emiss…
Exotic Plantations Increase Risks of Flooding in Mountainous Landscapes
We examined the effect of land cover on stream discharge in hilly catchment streams during extreme rain events. Three years of rainfall-runoff observations, between January 2014 a…
Linking Lithospheric Structure, Mantle Flow and Intra-Plate Volcanism
Several of Earth’s intra-plate volcanic provinces are difficult to reconcile with the mantle plume hypothesis. Instead, they exhibit characteristics that are better explained by s…
The Contribution of N+ ions to Earth’s Polar Wind
The escape of heavy ions from the Earth atmosphere is consequences of energization and transport mechanisms, including photoionization, electron precipitation, ion-electron-neutra…
Size-differentiated Export Flux in Different Dynamical Regimes in the Ocean
Export of Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) is mainly driven by gravitational sinking. Thus, traditionally, it is thought that larger, faster-sinking particles make up most of the …
Real-time PM 2.5 forecast over Delhi: Performance of high resolution (400 m) WRF-Chem model integrated with data assimi…
We present a very high-resolution (400 m) operational air quality forecasting system developed to alert citizens of Delhi and the National Capital Region (NCR) about acute air pol…
On the importance of typhoon size in storm surge forecasting
Over the past several decades, operational forecasts of typhoon tracks have improved steadily. However, storm surge forecast skills have experienced rather modest improvements as …
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