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Showing 1001 to 1050 of 59105 works
Machine Learning based Estimator for Ground Shaking Maps in South Iceland Seismic Zone (SISZ)
Pre-print: Ground Motion Shaking Predictions Based on Machine Learning and Physics-based Simulations Earthquakes constitute a major threat to human lives and infrastructure, hence…
Counter-helical magnetic flux ropes from magnetic reconnections in space plasmas
Magnetic flux ropes are ubiquitous in various space environments, including the solar corona, interplanetary solar wind, and planetary magnetospheres. When these flux ropes intert…
Variability in ice cover does not affect annual metabolism estimates in a small eutrophic reservoir
Temperate reservoirs and lakes worldwide are experiencing decreases in ice cover, which will likely alter the net balance of gross primary production (GPP) and respiration (R) in …
Downstream Flood Inundation Assessment due to Dam Breach of Dudh Koshi Storage Hydroelectric Project using HEC-RAS 2D
Dam breach is rare event in which dam fails releasing impounded water to downstream regions. Dam breach has low probability of occurrence but carries high risk of destruction. Dud…
Implementation of WRF-Urban Asymmetric Convective Model (UACM) for Simulating Urban Fog over Delhi, India
Accurate fog prediction in densely urbanized cities poses a challenge due to the complex influence of urban morphology on meteorological conditions in the urban roughness sublayer…
Synoptic Moisture Intrusion Provided Heavy Isotope Precipitations in Inland Antarctica during the Last Glacial Maximum
Stable water isotopes in inland Antarctic ice cores are powerful paleoclimate proxies; however, their relationship with dynamical atmospheric circulations remains controversial. U…
Future climate projections of severe convective wind events from a convection-permitting regional climate model
Recent advances in regional climate modelling include finer-scale simulations that can partially resolve deep convective processes. These convection-permitting models can help p…
Large sampling uncertainty when diagnosing the ‘eddy feedback parameter’ and its role in the signal-to-noise paradox
A too-weak eddy feedback in models has been proposed to explain the signal-to-noise paradox in seasonal-to-decadal forecasts of the winter Northern Hemisphere. We show that the “e…
Uncertainty Quantification of a Machine Learning Subgrid-Scale Parameterization for Atmospheric Gravity Waves
Subgrid-scale processes, such as atmospheric gravity waves, play a pivotal role in shaping the Earth’s climate but cannot be explicitly resolved in climate models due to limitatio…
Interpreting the seasonality of atmospheric methane
Surface and satellite observations of atmospheric methane show smooth seasonal behavior in the Southern Hemisphere driven by loss from the hydroxyl (OH) radical. However, observat…
The Spectral Characteristics of Lunar Agglutinates: Visible-Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Apollo Soil Separates
The lunar surface evolves over time due to space weathering, and the visible–near-infrared spectra of more mature (i.e., heavily weathered) soils are lower in reflectance and st…
Rheology and Structure of Model Smectite Clay: Insights from Molecular Dynamics
The low frictional strength of smectite minerals such as montmorillonite is thought to play a crucial role in controlling the rheology and the stability of clay-rich faults. In th…
Development and Optimization of a Multifunctional Sensor for Measuring Soil Thermal Properties, Water Retention Charact…
Soil water content, matric potential, thermal properties, and electrical conductivity are fundamental and interrelated properties required by a variety of applications in soil sci…
The nonlinear and distinct responses of ocean heat content and anthropogenic carbon to ice sheet freshwater discharge i…
Anthropogenic climate change will drive extensive mass loss across both the Antarctic (AIS) and Greenland Ice Sheets (GrIS), with the potential for feedbacks on the global climate…
When, Where and to What Extent Do Temperature Perturbations near Tropical Deep Convection Follow Convective Quasi Equil…
Convective Quasi-Equilibrium (CQE) is often adopted as a useful closure assumption to summarize the effects of unresolved convection on large-scale thermodynamics, while existing …
South Asian Summer Monsoon Precipitation is Sensitive to Southern Hemisphere Subtropical Radiation Changes
We study the sensitivity of South Asian Summer Monsoon (SASM) precipitation to Southern Hemisphere (SH) subtropical Absorbed Solar Radiation (ASR) changes using Community Earth Sy…
Hot or not? An evaluation of methods for identifying hot moments of nitrous oxide emissions from soils
Effectively quantifying hot moments of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agricultural soils is critical for managing this potent greenhouse gas. However, we are challenged by a l…
Experimental Investigation of CO2 Buoyant Flow Saturation: The Impact of Realistic Bedforms and Heterogeneous Wettabili…
We produce realistic sedimentary formations consisting of ripple deposits with varying grain size contrast and wettability in a meter-scale slab chamber. Then, we conduct multipha…
Seismic evidence for velocity heterogeneity along ~40 Ma old oceanic crustal segment formed at the slow-spreading equat…
In slow spreading environments, oceanic crust is formed by a combination of magmatic and tectonic processes. Using full waveform inversion applied to active-source ocean bottom se…
Coupled high-resolution land-atmosphere modeling for hydroclimate and terrestrial hydrology in Alaska and the Yukon Riv…
Hydroclimate and terrestrial hydrology greatly influence the local community, ecosystem, and economy in Alaska and Yukon River Basin. A high-resolution re-simulation of the histor…
Assessing the Sources of the O+ in the Plasma Sheet
To study the contributions of cusp outflow coming through the lobes and nightside auroral outflow to the O+ in the plasma sheet, we performed a statistical study of tailward strea…
The Influence of Large-Scale Spatial Warming on Jet Stream Extreme Waviness on an Aquaplanet
The effect of modified equator-to-pole temperature gradients on the jet stream by low-level polar warming and upper-level tropical warming on jet streams is not fully understood. …
Quantitatively Monitoring of Seasonal Frozen Ground Freeze-thaw Cycle Using Ambient Seismic Noise Data
Seasonal frozen ground freeze-thaw cycles in cold regions are an essential indicator of climate change, infrastructure, and ecosystems in the near-surface critical zone (CZ). As a…
Evaluating Variations in Great Salt Lake Inflow to Infer Human Consumptive Water Use, A Volume Reconstruction Approach
The declining water level in Great Salt Lake (GSL) has been attributed to human consumptive water use that depletes natural streamflow into the lake. Understanding depletions due …
An ML-based P3-like multimodal two-moment ice microphysics in the ICON model
Machine learning (ML) is used to build a bulk microphysical parameterization including ice processes. Simulations of the Lagrangian super-particle model McSnow are used as trainin…
Improving Discharge Predictions in Ungauged Basins: Harnessing the Power of Disaggregated Data Modeling and Machine Lea…
Current machine learning methods for discharge prediction often employ aggregated basin-wide hydrometeorological data (lumped modeling) for parametric and non-parametric training.…
Significant reduction of potential exposure to extreme marine heatwaves by achieving carbon neutrality
Marine heatwave (MHW), a prolonged period of anomalously warm seawater, has a catastrophic repercussion on marine ecosystems. With global warming, MHWs have become increasingly fr…
Berkeley-RWAWC: a new CYGNSS-based watermask unveils unique observations of seasonal dynamics in the Tropics
The UC Berkeley Random Walk Algorithm WaterMask from CYGNSS (Berkeley-RWAWC) is a new data product designed to address the challenges of monitoring inundation in regions hindered …
LPS Neural Operator (LPSNO): A Novel Deep Learning Framework to Predict the Indian Monsoon Low-Pressure Systems
The synoptic scale variability of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) is contributed by the weak cyclonic vortices known as low-pressure systems (LPSs). LPSs are the primary mechanism…
A new, zero-iteration analytic implementation of wet-bulb globe temperature: development, validation and comparison wit…
Wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT)–a standard measure for workplace heat stress regulation–incorporates the complex, nonlinear interaction among temperature, humidity, wind and rad…
Electron density enhancement over a wide altitude range during ionosphere heating experiments at EISCAT
During the course of ionospheric heating experiments, an apparent electron density enhancement was observed at the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association (EISCAT). The…
Similarities in Meteorological Composites Among Different Atmospheric River Detection Tools During Atmospheric River La…
Many atmospheric river detectors (ARDTs) have been developed over the past few decades to capture atmospheric rivers (ARs). However, different ARDTs have been observed to capture …
Numerical Simulation of Tornado-like Vortices Induced by Small-Scale Cyclostrophic Wind Perturbations
This study introduces a tornado perturbation model utilizing the cyclostrophic wind model, implemented through a shallow-water equation framework. We conducted numerical simulatio…
Reinforcement learning-based adaptive strategies for climate change adaptation: An application for flood risk management
Climate change is posing unprecedented challenges, necessitating the development of effective climate adaptation. Conventional computational models of climate adaptation framewo…
Shaking up assumptions: Earthquakes have rarely triggered Andean Glacier Lake Outburst Floods
As the world’s glaciers recede in response to a warming atmosphere, a change in the magnitude and frequency of related hazards is expected. Among the most destructive hazards a…
Probabilistic Storm Surge and Flood-Inundation Modeling for the Texas Gulf Coast Using Super-Fast INundation of CoastS …
Accurately predicting the extent of compound flooding events, including storm surge, pluvial, and fluvial flooding, is vital for protecting coastal communities. However, high co…
The Arctic Ocean Double Estuary
The Arctic Ocean has been covered by sea ice year-round for much of the past, inhibiting the transfer of momentum from atmosphere to ocean, with the consequence that Arctic Ocean …
The Atmospheric Response to an Unusual Early-Year Martian Dust Storm
During the northern spring (approximately Ls≈33°) in Martian Year 35, Mars experienced an unusual dust storm characterized by significantly increased dust in the northern troposph…
Magnetic storm-time red aurora as seen from Hokkaido, Japan on December 1, 2023 associated with high-density solar wind
We report a citizen science-motivated study on the cause of an unusually bright red aurora as witnessed from Hokkaido, Japan during a magnetic storm on December 1, 2023. Such an i…
From Earth to Space and Back Again: 130 years of geophysical research as told through the titles of AGU journal articles
The development of the field of geophysics is shown through the most frequent words in AGU journal article titles. Early on, the most frequent scientific words in titles were on …
Power Law Distribution of Independent Basin Areas in Fluvial Landscapes
River networks around the world exhibit statistical scaling laws, including the distribution of independent basin sizes in landscapes. The widespread occurrence of these patterns …
Modelling the black and brown carbon absorption and their radiative impact: the June 2023 intense Canadian boreal wildf…
Black carbon (BC) and brown carbon (BrC) are light-absorbing aerosols with significant climate impacts, but their absorption properties and direct radiative effect (DRE) remain un…
Juno Observations of Jupiter’s Magnetodisk Plasma: Implications for Equilibrium and Dynamics
The Jovian magnetodisk plays an essential role in the dynamics of the Jupiter system by coupling its various components. Here, we investigate the Juno (JADE, JEDI and MAG) observa…
High-Resolution UV Absorption Cross-section Measurements of 32S, 33S, 34S, and 36S Sulfur Dioxide for the B ̵̃^1 B_1-X ̵̃^1…
High-resolution and high-precision spectrum data presents a challenging measurement. We report newly measured ultraviolet absorption cross-sections of 32SO2, 33SO2, 34SO2, and 36S…
The Effects of Wave-Dependent Surface Fluxeson CESM2 Climate Simulations
Processes at the air-sea interface govern the climate mean state and climate variability by determining the exchange of momentum, heat, and water between the atmosphere and ocean.…
Flow evolution and vertical accelerations in wave-swash interactions
We report on a laboratory study of wave-swash interactions, which occur in the very nearshore environment of a beach when the shallow swash flow of a breaking wave interacts with …
Picky Eaters: Carbon isotopic evidence for the uniform bioavailability of riverine dissolved organic matter to a model …
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a key component of the global carbon cycle, with rivers delivering significant amounts of DOM to oceans. Urbanization and agricultural land-use a…
ULF Wave Transport of Relativistic Electrons in the Van Allen Belts: Criteria for Transition to Radial Diffusion
Relativistic electrons in the radiation belts can be transported as a result of wave-particle interactions (WPI) with ultra-low frequency (ULF) waves. Such WPI are often assumed t…
Near-real-time Country-wide Estimation of Susceptibility and Settlement Exposure from Norwegian Mass Movements via Inte…
The increased occurrence of catastrophic events caused by climate change-induced mass movements affects human welfare and results in huge economic losses, making the development o…
Simulation of Spring Discharge Using Deep Learning, Considering the Spatiotemporal Variability of Precipitation
Precipitation data collected from sparse monitoring stations in numerous karst basins pose a challenge for hydrologic models to accurately capture spatial and temporal correlation…
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