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The Mississippi River Delta is the most extensive fluvial-dominated delta system in North America, providing crucial ecosystem services such as wildlife habitats, support for fish…

Maud Rise, is a seamount in the Southern Weddell Sea where open-ocean polynyas occasionally occur. Polynyas are large openings in sea ice that form in winter in association with d…

Foreshock, though well-documented phenomena preceding many large earthquakes, have limited forecasting utility due to their non-pervasive occurrence and non-distinctive characteri…

Global warming has induced more frequent and intense heavy rainfall, significantly affecting dryland productivity, which dominates the interannual trend and variability of the ter…

Monin-Obukhov similarity theory (MOST) is widely used in numerical weather prediction to model surface fluxes of momentum, heat, and water vapor. However, MOST is based on assumpt…

The increasing frequency of wildfires in California, driven by climate change, poses unclear risks from repeated wildfire smoke exposure. This study explores the ”recovery period,…

Terrestrial ecosystems mitigate CO2 accumulation in the atmosphere by annually absorbing ~30% of anthropogenic emissions. The degrees to which CO2 and climate drive this absorptio…

Sulfates are abundant at the Martian surface, incorporating sulfur delivered by volcanic eruptions and degassing. The thickest sulfate accumulations are found in the interior laye…

This paper introduces SPARROW, an efficient forward propagator for Radio Occultation (RO) configurations, capable of simulating electromagnetic wave propagation through both atmos…

Tropical cyclone (TC) rapid intensification (RI) is a major source of uncertainty in TC prediction. Here we examine observed basin-specific relationships between RI and El Niño-So…

We develop a novel methodology for operating a Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) technology at laboratory scale. Fiber Optic (FO) cables can be used for sensing seismic waves at …

Gullies are actively changing landforms on planet Mars. The prevailing hypothesis, supported by a suite of different studies, states that present-day activity in these gullies is …

In this study, we developed and implemented a deep learning program to classify the suitability of regions for landing on the Moon's south pole, utilizing data from NASA's Lunar R…

Solving the problems presented by climate change depends on geospatial technology in great measure. Through shifting pest and disease dynamics, increasing frequency of extreme wea…

Satellite megaconstellations (SMCs) are driving rapid increases in rocket launch and re-entry rates, emitting pollutants throughout the atmosphere. The environmental cost of SMCs …

Hurricane Harvey (2017) produced 31 net-erosional washout channels on San Jose Island, Texas, USA where offshore-directed flows cut through two dune ridges and the beach. These ch…

Glacial retreat strongly influences landslide dynamics, yet the controls on stability and transient acceleration remain unclear. Many deep-seated landslides accelerate during ice …

Flood disasters often reach critical phases in areas with insufficient instrumentation or during instrument failure. Therefore, conventional observation networks alone may be inad…

This study leverages the AI-TaiwanVVM framework—an explainable artificial intelligence (AI) model trained on high-resolution simulations from TaiwanVVM—to efficiently predict and …

Identifying the primary triggering factors that govern injection-induced seismicity is essential for reliable seismic-hazard assessment. Here we present observations from 20 near-…

Accurate representation of urban properties and processes at higher resolutions in global modeling systems is essential for advancing urban climate science and informing effective…

The Coast of Louisiana is affected by accelerating sea level rise compounded by land subsidence, leading to land loss. Vertical crustal motions in the region are caused by natural…

Internal solitary waves (ISWs) induce convergence and divergence of sea surface currents, manifesting as alternating bright-dark stripes in optical and synthetic aperture radar (S…

Most of the ocean’s kinetic energy is contained within the mesoscale eddy field. Models that do not resolve these eddies tend to parameterize their impacts such that the parameter…

The Anninghe Fault (ANHF) is a large left-lateral strike-slip fault in southwestern China, and it is one of the major seismogenic fault zones where several strong earthquakes happ…

This study presents a novel methodology for extracting latent variables from high-dimensional sparse data, particularly emphasizing spatial distributions such as precipitation dis…

We propose the “endo-exo” conceptual framework to account for the varied and complex episodic landslide movements observed during progressive maturation until collapse/stabilizati…

Various reliability surrogate measures (RSMs) have emerged over last three decades to design water distribution systems (WDSs). However, there has yet to be a consensus on their r…

Wave ripples can provide valuable information on their formative hydrodynamic conditions in past subaqueous environments by inverting dimension predictors. However, these inversio…

The effort to map terrestrial biodiversity, in recent years limited mostly to the use of broadband multispectral remote sensing at decameter scales, can be greatly enhanced by har…

Deep-marine brine seeps in the modern ocean are considered analogues for settings that favoured the formation of sedimentary-exhalative zinc and lead deposits in deep time. Microb…

The SWOT satellite has the potential to transform global hydrologic science by offering simultaneous and synoptic estimates of river discharge and other hydraulic variables. Here,…

The X-Ray Sensor (XRS) has been making full-disk observations of the solar soft X-ray irradiance onboard National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Geostationary Ope…