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Showing 8001 to 8050 of 59105 works
Detection and attribution science facing the future: the importance of not confusing problem-solving and solution-use
With a few exceptions extreme weather event attribution is recognised as necessarily oriented towards tracing the history of present (or past) extreme events. However, it must be …
Using an Interpretable Machine Learning Approach to Characterize Earth System Model Errors: Application of SHAP Analysi…
Computational models of the Earth System are critical tools for modern scientific inquiry. Efforts toward evaluating and improving errors in representations of physical and chemic…
Electrojet estimates from mesospheric magnetic field measurements
The auroral electrojet is traditionally measured remotely with magnetometers on ground or in low Earth orbit (LEO). The sparse distribution of measurements, combined with a vertic…
Automated Detection of Antenna Malfunctions in Large-N Interferometers: A Case Study with the Hydrogen Epoch of Reioniz…
We present a framework for identifying and flagging malfunctioning antennas in large radio interferometers. Using data from 105 antennas in the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Arra…
Comparison of Different Coupling Methods for Joint Inversion of Geophysical data: A case study for the Namibian Contine…
Integration of multiple geophysical methods in combined data analysis is a key practice to reduce model uncertainties and enhance geological interpretations. Electrical resistivit…
Modelling rainfall from sub-hourly to daily scale with a heavy tailed meta-Gaussian model
The time scale of usual hydrological applications can vary from a few minutes to a few days. An accurate description of the precipitation probability distributions at the appropri…
Asymmetric interaction of a solar wind reconnecting current sheet and its magnetic hole with Earth's bow shock and magn…
We report results of our analysis of a solar wind reconnecting current sheet (RCS) and its solar wind magnetic hole observed on 20 November 2018. In the solar wind, the normal vec…
Fingerprints of Arctic aerosol-cloud-turbulence interactions in conserved variable space
Late springtime Arctic mixed-phase convective clouds over open water in the Fram Strait as observed during the recent ACLOUD field campaign are simulated at turbulence-resolving r…
QuakeMigrate: a Modular, Open-Source Python Package for Automatic Earthquake Detection and Location
Detecting and locating microearthquakes from continuous waveform records is the fundamental step in microseismic processing. Dense local networks and arrays have introduced the po…
Reconstructing solar irradiance from Ca II K observations
To understand the influence of the Sun on Earth's system, long and accurate measurements of solar irradiance are a prerequisite. The available direct measurements of solar irradia…
Vapour pressure deficit is the main driver of tree canopy conductance across biomes
We aim to identify the relative importance of vapour pressure deficit (VPD), soil water content (SWC) and photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) as drivers of tree canopy condu…
Uncertainties in understanding groundwater flow and spring functioning in karst
In karst environments, typically characterized by peculiar hydrogeological features and high heterogeneity and anisotropy, the connection between the recharge areas and the spring…
Increasing river alkalinity slows ocean acidification in the northern Gulf of Mexico
Ocean acidification (OA) progression is affected by multiple factors, such as ocean warming, biological production, and runoff. Here we used an ocean-biogeochemical model to asses…
Evolution of Melt Pond Fraction and Depth on Multiyear Ice in 2020 from High Resolution Satellite Observations
Observations reveal end of summer Arctic sea ice extent is declining at an accelerating rate. Model projections underestimate this decline and continue to have a broad spread in f…
Biogeochemical drivers of soil N 2 O, CH 4 , and CO 2 emissions from alfalfa using long-term continuous measurements
Agriculture is a significant source of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and methane (CH 4 ) and is the dominant source of anthropogenic nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions. Changes in agricultu…
The Deep Ocean's Carbon Exhaust
The deep ocean naturally releases large amounts of old, pre-industrial carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere through upwelling in the Southern Ocean, closing the global ocean car…
In Search of The Optimal Atmospheric River Index for US Precipitation: A Multifactorial Analysis
Atmospheric rivers (ARs) affect surface hydrometeorology in the US West Coast and Midwest. We systematically sought optimal AR indices for expressing surface precipitation impacts…
Seismic noise recorded by telecommunication fiber optics reveal the impact of COVID-19 measures on human activities
Quantifying the response of human activities to different COVID-19 measures may serve as a potential way to evaluate the effectiveness of the measures and optimize measures. Recen…
Revealing the role of “hidden heavy ions” component in the terrestrial polar wind outflow
The roles of heavy ions have long been an important subject in the magnetospheric physics since the first discovery of O+ ions in the magnetosphere as it hinted to the connection …
Capture method for digital twin of formation processes of sand bars
The hydrological quantities governing the generation of riverbed waves (formed spontaneously on the bottoms of rivers) have been elucidated through geomorphological methods, labor…
On the generation of Pi2 pulsations due to plasma flow patterns around magnetosheath jets
We report observations of a magnetosheath jet followed by a period of decelerated background plasma. During this period, THEMIS-A magnetometer showed abrupt disturbances which, in…
Carbon cycle response to temperature overshoot beyond 2 °C – an analysis of CMIP6 models
There is a substantial gap between the current emissions of greenhouse gases and levels required for achieving the 2 and 1.5 °C temperature targets of the Paris Agreement. Underst…
Forest ecosystem response to weather extremes: case study of a montane mixed forest in Switzerland
Extreme environmental events have become a major interest of ecologists. Commonly, extreme climatic events are identified based on “changes in the mean conditions” over a discrete…
The effect of hydrographs shape on river deltas salinization
Excessive salinity can harm ecosystems and compromise the various anthropogenic activities that take place in river deltas. The issue of salinization is expected to exacerbate due…
A unified clumped isotope thermometer calibration (0.5-1100C) using carbonate-based standardization
The potential for carbonate clumped isotope thermometry to independently constrain both the formation temperature (T∆47 ) of carbonate minerals and fluid oxygen isotope composition…
Stalling and Dissipation of a Near-Inertial Wave (NIW) in an Anticyclonic Ocean Eddy: Direct Determination of Group Vel…
A near-inertial wave stalling and breaking in a critical layer was observed for a week by a pair of autonomous velocity and density profilers on concentric paths in an ocean eddy.…
CO2 Sink Capacity of the Western Arctic Ocean in Early Winter: November 2018
To investigate CO 2 sink capacity in the western Arctic Ocean (north of 65°N), we conducted underway, ship-based observations of partial pressures of CO 2 (pCO 2 ) and total disso…
SOFIE (Solar-wind with Field-lines and Energetic-particles): A data-driven and self-consistent SEP modeling and forecas…
We present a data-driven and self-consistent SEP model, SOFIE, to simulate the acceleration and transport processes of energetic particles using the Space Weather Modeling Framewo…
Errors and uncertainties associated with the use of unconventional activity data for estimating CO2 emissions
CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion (FFCO2) can be robustly estimated from fuel used (as activity data, AD) and CO2 emissions factor, due to the nature of FFCO2. Recent traf…
The Malawi Active Fault Database: an onshore-offshore database for regional assessment of seismic hazard and tectonic e…
We present the Malawi Active Fault Database (MAFD), a geospatial database of 114 active fault traces in Malawi, and in neighboring Tanzania and Mozambique. The MAFD has been devel…
Multi return periods flood hazards and risks assessment in the Congo River Basin
Flood disasters have regularly been reported in the Congo Basin with significant damages to human lives, food production systems and infrastructure. Losses incurred by these damag…
The Influence of Interannual Carbon Variability on Long-Term Carbon Sequestration in Proximate Northern Forests and Wet…
Carbon dioxide (CO2) levels have been shown to be rising dramatically as a result of increased anthropogenic activity. One way of countering excessive CO2 emissions is by restorin…
Impact of 2019 mid-west flood on CO 2 and CH 4 using yearly WRF-GHG simulations over the contiguous United States
Sources and sinks of the two most important greenhouse gases CO 2 and CH 4 at regional to continental scales remain poorly understood. In our previous work, the WRF-VPRM, a weathe…
“Persia” redirects here. For other uses, see Iran (disambiguation) and Persia (disambiguation).
Iran (Persian: ایران Irān [ʔiːˈɾɒːn] (About this soundlisten)), also called Persia,[11] and officially the Islamic Republic of Iran,[a] is a country in Western Asia. It is border…
Volcanic Emissions, Plume Dispersion and Downwind Radiative Impacts following Mount Etna Series of Eruptions of 21-26 F…
During the extended activity of Mount Etna volcano in February-April 2021, three distinct paroxysmal events took place from 21 to 26 February, which were associated with a very un…
The investigation of the topographical effect on multi-scale Eastward-Moving Southwest Vortex from the perspective of P…
Multi-scale Eastward-Moving Southwest Vortex (EMSV) inducing severe rainstorms frequently occurs in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River Basin (YRB). The Second-Step Terr…
Shock-induced incongruent melting of olivine in Kamargaon L6 chondrite
Here we report for the first-time shock-induced incongruent melting of olivine in an ordinary chondrite. Several olivine grains (Fo74), entrained in the shock-melt vein of the Kam…
Intrusion of summer Alaskan Coastal Water in the western Arctic Ocean from 1999 to 2019: insights into interannual tren…
This work is a study of the interannual variability of Alaskan Coastal Water (ACW) supplied into the Arctic Ocean during the summer season. Based on hydrological data obtained dur…
Particle Energization in Space Plasmas: Towards a Multi-Point, Multi-Scale Plasma Observatory
This White Paper outlines the importance of addressing the fundamental science theme “How are charged particles energized in space plasmas” through a future ESA mission. The White…
Response and recovery of tropical forests after cyclone disturbance
Tropical cyclones dominate the disturbance regime experienced by forest ecosystems in many parts of the world. Interactions between cyclone disturbance regimes and nutrient availa…
The Effect of Ground Source Heat Pumps on Biodegradation Kinetics and Contaminant Transport
Geothermal or ground source heat pumps (GSHPs) are among the growing renewable energy technologies used for heating and cooling of buildings. However, little work has been done to…
New satellite results further confirming that Earth reflectivity changes are not driving Global Warming
Measurements of solar energy entering Earth are critical for comparison/validation of model simulated climate signals run in the present, for confidence in their predictions. Sate…
Optimizing Carbon Cycle Parameters Drastically Improves Terrestrial Biosphere Model Underestimates of Dryland Mean Net …
Drylands occupy ~40% of the land surface and are thought to dominate global carbon (C) cycle inter-annual variability (IAV). Therefore, it is imperative that global terrestrial bi…
Validation of Ocean Model Predictions of Mean Dynamic Topography in Shallow, Tidally Dominated Regions Using Observatio…
In shallow, tidally dominated regions, overtides and the mean state of the ocean are coupled through their simultaneous generation by nonlinear processes. We present a new method …
Investigating hydraulic connectivity within crystalline basement aquifers using electrical resistivity tomography and m…
Crystalline basement aquifers are characterized by complex flow pathways controlled by varying overburden stratigraphy and thickness as well as fracture network and connectivity w…
Properties of plasmoids observed in Saturn's dayside and nightside magnetodisc
Plasmoid is a key process for transferring magnetic flux and plasma in planetary magnetospheres. At Earth，plasmoid is a key media transferring energy and mass in the “Dungey Cycle…
Effects of Non-Photosynthetic Vegetation on Dust Emissions
Mineral dust is among the top contributors to global aerosol loads and is an active element in the Earth system. Ability of non-photosynthetic vegetation (NPV) to suppress dust em…
Ocean surface radial velocity imaging in the AT-INSAR velocity bunching model. A functional approach.
[ This work is concerned with the estimation of radial velocities of sea surface elevations. The data, is a noisy along-track interferometric synthetic aperture radar (AT-INSAR) i…
Climate Change and Drought Drivers: Identification of drought drivers and climate extreme using regression-based algori…
Droughts are particularly disastrous in South Africa and other arid regions, that are water-scarce by nature due to low rainfall and water sources. According to some studies, drou…
U-Pb age constraints on the Jurassic succession and paleoflora of Mount Flora, Antarctic Peninsula
The spectacular fossil plant assemblage preserved in the non-marine Mount Flora Formation of the northern Antarctic Peninsula represents the diverse Jurassic flora that once cover…
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