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Palaeogene Environmental evolution in East Asia remains ambiguous. Here we present integrative work including magnetostratigraphy, grain-size, geochemistry, and clay minerals from…

Decadal and long-term variability of sea level in the Southwestern Pacific (SWP) is investigated with tide gauge measurements near New Zealand ranging from 1948 to 2018 and a 1.5-…

Mars has a magnetic field originating in its strongly magnetised crust that holds clues to the planet’s interior. We apply vector spherical harmonic decomposition to simple candid…

The Flint, Michigan, water crisis began in 2014 after officials switched the water supply to the Flint River, which was highly corrosive to the city’s pipes. Years later, the situ…

UNAVCO and IRIS, major repositories for global geodetic and seismic data, are in the process of joining their operations to form a unified facility for supporting the broad spectr…

The high albedos and zenith angles in the Arctic cause mixed-phase clouds to warm the Arctic surface during most of the year by absorbing long wavelength (LW) terrestrial radiatio…

The 3D S-wave velocity of shallow structure, especially the Quaternary sediments at 0-1 km near the surface, is an important issue of concern in urban planning and construction fo…

Clouds cover on average nearly 70% of Earth’s surface and regulate the global albedo. The magnitude of the shortwave reflection by clouds depends on their location, optical proper…

The coal fires that started over a century ago in Jharia Coal Fields constitute a significant threat to the coal reserves, infrastructure, and residents’ lives. The fires burn und…

The Malalak Tephra (sourced from Tandikat volcano) is considered one of the youngest and most voluminous tephra deposits (VEI-5) in West Sumatra, Indonesia. However, several const…

The root system of a plant provides vital functions including resource uptake, storage, and anchorage in soil. The uptake of macro-nutrients like nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), pot…

As the sea level rises, it is alarming that the threat from flooding induced by tropical cyclones would cause more severe damages to coastal regions worldwide. In order to address…

We use a statistical emulation technique to construct synthetic ensembles of global and regional sea-air carbon dioxide (CO2) flux from four observation-based products over 1985-2…

The Unit Hydrograph (UH) theory can be used to estimate the discharge hydrograph of a basin based on precipitation and runoff measurements. However, uncertainty in those measureme…

Accurate modeling of Jupiter’s magnetospheric magnetic field is important for not only scientific research but also mission planning. We develop a new empirical global model of Ju…

Various recent studies have shown that basalt formations have the capacity for long-term secure CO 2 storage through carbon mineralization. Many of these studies have demonstrated…

The factors that promote stability of Archean cratons are investigated from a combined geodynamic, geological, and geophysical perspective in order to evaluate the relative import…

This article is composed of one integrated commentary about the state of ICON principles (Goldman et al., 2021) in natural hazards and a discussion on the opportunities and challe…

The Global Carbon Project estimates that the terrestrial biosphere has absorbed about one-third of anthropogenic CO 2 emissions during the 1959-2019 period. This sink-estimate is …

The study of the relationship between the upper and lower layers in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) has experienced a lot of progress in recent years. Nevertheless, an examination of thi…

Thanks to the Unistellar network, citizen scientists and ordinary people all over the world can now enjoy the wonders of the night sky while also making important scientific disco…

The Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, and Ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission is NASA’s next great investment in Earth Science, continuing NASA’s legacy of over forty years of satellite ocean …

Geology differentiation converts physical property models derived from geophysical data to a 3D quasi-geology model. It represents a step change in quantitative interpretation of …

We describe a sampling of over two-dozen sociohydrology case studies that advance our understanding of two-way human-water phenomena. These case studies span broad geographic regi…

Introduction We compare the CNN model against a simple logistic regression model to learn the benefits of simple models. For extracting features, we use the tsfresh package. We fi…

Multi-plant imaging using arrays of low-cost cameras is a successful strategy for capturing affordable high-throughput plant phenotyping data. An imaging platform of this type can…

The future wide-swath satellite altimeters, such as the upcoming Surface Water Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission, will provide instantaneous 2D measurements of sea level down to the…

Improving photosynthesis has been considered critical to increasing crop yield to meet food demands from a growing population. To achieve this goal, high-throughput phenotyping te…

Climate tipping points occur when change in a part of the climate system becomes self-perpetuating beyond a forcing threshold, leading to abrupt and/or irreversible impacts. Synth…

Despite human-induced changes in floodplains over the past century, comprehensive data of long-term land use change within floodplains of large river basins are limited. Data of l…

Deep learning techniques are being increasingly used in earth science applications - from climate change modelling to feature extraction from remote sensing imagery, given their a…

More than half of Earth is covered by ocean, yet little is known about the deep sea (> 200 meters), particularly the water column. From 200 to 1,000 meters below the ocean surface…

The frequency, size, and intensity of wildfires in California have increased substantially in recent years, leading to widespread mandatory evacuations affecting millions of resid…

Tropical cyclones (TCs) are one of the most fascinating examples of organized convection. In idealized simulations of rotating radiative-convective equilibrium (RRCE), TCs can sel…

Trail Ridge is a one mile-wide and 100-mile-long topographic ridge that separates the Okefenokee Basin and Swamp from the coastal plain of Georgia. It represents the crest of a fo…

At least half of today’s mass loss of the Greenland ice sheet is due to the retreat of tidewater glaciers. For example, over the past decade Helheim Glacier in southeast Greenland…

Convection parameterizations such as eddy-diffusivity mass-flux (EDMF) schemes require a consistent closure formulation for the perturbation pressure, which arises in the equation…

Detecting a seismic event from Europa’s silicate interior would provide information about the geologic and tectonic setting of the moon’s rocky interior. Reflections off a metalli…

Field kits for testing the level of a toxicant in the environment are inherently less accurate than a laboratory instrument. Using a specific example, we argue here that kit measu…

Chemical gardens are self-assembled tubular structures formed via abiotic precipitation upon the interaction of metal-ion salts with aqueous solutions of anionic species such as s…

Despite the importance of turbidity currents in environmental and resource geology, their flow conditions and mechanisms are not well understood. This study proposes a novel metho…

Remote sensing from Earth-observing satellites is now providing valuable information about the ocean phytoplankton distributions. This paper presents the new ocean subsurface opti…

In the past two decades, surface wave imaging based on seismic ambient noise cross-correlation (CC) has been one of the most important technologies in the field of seismology. Wit…

We present interannual to decadal glacier and geomorphic change measurements at multiple sites across Western North America from the 1950s until present. Glacierized study sites d…

The effects of climate on eroding landscapes and the delivery of sediment from these remain poorly understood. The sampling and dating of river terraces provide one way to address…

The savanna - forest transition in the tropics has a large and complex variation in vegetation structure both vertically and horizontally. 3D-imaging technologies provide detailed…

Clouds play a significant role in the Earth’s energy balance and hydrological cycle through their effects on radiation and precipitation, and therefore are crucial for life on Ear…

The Australian NWC (North West Cape) signal transmitter is known to strongly interfere with the topside ionosphere. We analyze 456 conjunctions between Swarm A, B and NWC, in addi…

Most Earth surface carbonates precipitate out of isotopic equilibrium with their host solution, complicating the use of stable isotopes in paleoenvironment reconstructions. Disequ…

The potential of genomic selection (GS) to increase the efficiency of breeding programs has been clearly demonstrated; however, the implementation of GS in rice (Oryza sativa L.) …