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Showing 6901 to 6950 of 59105 works
AOD-dry PM2.5 Relationship with Consideration of Aerosol Type and Hygroscopicity
Aerosol type plays a critical role in the relationship between aerosol optical depth (AOD) and particulate matter (PM) mass concentration. Here, we present a mathematical formulat…
Upwelling Shadows Driven by the Low-Level Jet along the Subtropical West Coast of South America: Gulf of Arauco, Chile
Some bays of the subtropical west coast of South America, usually protected from the winds, have been observed as upwelling shadows (US), with anomalous high sea surface temperatu…
Atmospheric impacts of local ocean grid refinement in a coupled earth system model
We report the results of two Earth System Model (ESM) configurations which differ in their ocean physics around New Zealand. The first is a global low-resolution configuration of …
Hierarchical exploration of continuous seismograms with unsupervised learning
Continuous seismograms contain a wealth of information with a large variety of signals with different origins. Identifying these signals is a crucial step in understanding physica…
Validation and intercomparison of satellite-based rainfall products over Africa using TAHMO in-situ rainfall observatio…
Sparse rain gauge networks and declining observations in Africa limit climate research in the region. However, the proliferation of satellite-rainfall products (SRPs) and the grow…
Joint resolving of the fault plane ambiguity and anisotropic earthquake triggering in Southern California
The inversion of the focal mechanism (FM) provides an estimate of the fault plane orientation and the direction of slip of an earthquake, giving us valuable insights into the mech…
The effect of stratification on the propagation and decay of near-inertial waves on a β-plane
Wind-excited near-inertial waves (NIWs) rapidly propagate towards the equator on a β-plane. In this letter, we model the evolution of NIWs under the β-effect by imposing initial z…
MasTer: A Full Automatic Multi-Satellite InSAR Mass Processing Tool for Rapid Incremental 2D Ground Deformation Time Se…
The increasing amount of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellites orbiting the Earth, their increasing time and space resolution, the variety of wavelengths, polarizations and lo…
The Role of Rainstorm Properties on Crop-Land Soil Erosion: Coupling Event-Scale Modeling with a Stochastic Rainfall Ge…
Soil erosion is a worldwide agricultural and environmental problem that threatens food security and ecosystem viability. In arable environments, the primary cause of soil loss is …
Monitoring Crack Propagation using Data-Driven Causal Discovery and Supervised Learning
Mechanical wave transmission through a material is influenced by the mechanical discontinuity in the material. The propagation of embedded discontinuities can be monitored by anal…
The Long Period of 3He-rich Solar Energetic Particles Measured by Solar Orbiter 2020 November 17--23
We report observations of a relatively long period of 3He-rich solar energetic particles (SEPs) measured by Solar Orbiter. The period consists of several well-resolved ion injecti…
Generating Daily Gap-filled BRDF Adjusted Surface Reflectance Products with 10 m Resolution Using Geostationary Satelli…
Continuous observations from geostationary satellites have been utilized to understand land surface seasonal dynamics and fill data gaps caused by clouds. However, the limited spa…
Regional scale hydrodynamic modeling of the river-floodplain-reservoir continuum
River floodplains and reservoirs interact throughout a basin drainage network, defining a coupled human-water system with multiple feedbacks. Recent modeling developments have aim…
Multiresolution Modeling of High-latitude Ionospheric Electric Field Variability and Impact on Joule Heating Using Supe…
The most dynamic electromagnetic coupling between the magnetosphere and ionosphere occurs in the polar upper atmosphere. It is critical to quantify the electromagnetic energy and …
Mineralogy of Natural Dust Samples from LWIR Reflectance and Transmission Spectroscopy
Mineral dust particles are ubiquitous in the atmosphere and can be transported vast distances affecting climate, air quality, and human health on a global scale. Mineralogical com…
Predicting Fire Season Intensity in Maritime Southeast Asia with Interpretable Models
There have been many extreme fire seasons in Maritime Southeast Asia (MSEA) over the last two decades, a trend which will likely continue, if not accelerate, due to climate change…
Effects of River Partial Penetration on the Occurrence of Riparian Freshwater Lenses: Experimental Investigation
This study examines the occurrence of riparian lenses adjacent to partially penetrating rivers under the controlled conditions of a laboratory sand tank. Laboratory experiments an…
Mantle Sources and Melting Processes Facilitated by the Delamination of Lithosphere Beneath East Antarctica: Geochemica…
Mount Early and Sheridan Bluff (87 degrees south) are the above-ice expression of Earth’s southernmost volcanic field and are isolated by more than 1000 km from any other exposed …
Atmospheric CO2 exchange of a small mountain lake: limitations of eddy covariance and boundary layer modeling methods i…
As lakes receive and transform significant amounts of terrestrial carbon, they often act as source of atmospheric CO 2 . Yet, long-term measurements of lake-atmosphere CO 2 exchan…
Martian crustal field influence on O+ and O2+ escape as measured by MAVEN
Martian crustal magnetic fields influence the solar wind interaction with Mars in a way that is not fully understood. In some locations, crustal magnetic fields act as “mini-magne…
Country-scale mapping of individual forest and non-forest trees and shrubs in Africa - the example of Rwanda
Forest and non-forest trees and shrubs (hereafter collectively referred to as trees), are the basis for the functioning of tree-dominated ecosystems, and are regularly monitored a…
Correcting coarse-grid weather and climate models by machine learning from global storm-resolving simulations
Global atmospheric ‘storm-resolving’ models with horizontal grid spacing of less than 5~km resolve deep cumulus convection and flow in complex terrain. They promise to be referenc…
DeepBedMap: Resolving the bed topography of Antarctica with a deep neural network
To better resolve the bed elevation of Antarctica, we present DeepBedMap - a deep learning method that produces realistic Antarctic bed topography from multiple remote sensing dat…
Strength and Stress Evolution of an Actively Exhuming Low-Angle Normal Fault, Woodlark Rift, SE Papua New Guinea
Quantifying lithospheric strength is essential to better understand seismicity in continental regions. We estimate differential stresses and principal stress orientations driving …
Shaping the future of science: COVID-19 highlighting the importance of GeoHealth
From the heated debates over the airborne transmission of the novel coronavirus to the abrupt Earth system changes caused by the sudden lockdowns, the dire circumstances resulting…
Rock deformation monitoring using Monte-Carlo waveform inversion
The variations of elastic parameters and attenuation of rock under deformation are of great importance for a number of geophysical problems. Here, we estimate elastic parameters a…
Zircon Raman thermochronology: Data valuation and measurement protocol
Zircon Raman dating is an emergent thermochronological method. It exploits the disruption of the zircon lattice due to α-disintegration of trace amounts of 238U, 235U, 232Th, and …
The Effect of Projected Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Pattern Changes on Tropical Precipitation using CESM 1
Tropical islands are highly dependent on rainfall to provide resources for drinking and agriculture. Hence, understanding changes to precipitation under a changing climate is crit…
Planet Four: Derived South Polar Martian Winds Interpreted Using Mesoscale Modeling
For the first time, model-derived and imagery-derived wind directions and speeds have been compared in Mars’ south polar region. Seasonal fan-shaped deposits are routinely observe…
Using vibrational spectroscopy to phenotype fusiform rust disease resistance in loblolly pine trees
Fusiform rust is a disease caused by the fungal pathogen Cronartium quercuum f. sp. fusiforme (Cqf). It is considered one of the most damaging and economically important diseases …
Examining the erosional and depositional behaviour of cohesive sediments
Many aquatic environments are dominated by muddy sediments. These cohesive sediments, however, often contain a mixture of sand, mud and organic material, giving rise to complex in…
A year-long evaluation of a wind-farm parameterisation in HARMONIE-AROME
The need to mitigate climate change will boost the demand for renewable energy and lead to more wind turbines both on- and onshore. In the near future, the effect these wind farms…
The SUMMA-SUNDIALS Earth System Model
The next generation of Earth System models promisesunprecedented predictive power through the application of improvedphysical representations, data collection, and high-performanc…
Enhanced atmospheric response to Gulf Stream SST anomalies in CAM6 simulations with 1/8-degree regional grid refinement…
North Atlantic sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) exhibit variability on seasonal to decadal timescales, providing a potential source of predictability for the atmospheric circulatio…
Regulation of synoptic circulation in regional PM2.5 transport for heavy air pollution: study of 5-year observation ove…
The importance of regional air pollutant transport modulated by large-scale synoptic circulation has been poorly understood for air pollution. In the present study of 5-year (2015…
Characteristics of Kelvin-Helmholtz Waves as Observed by the MMS from September 2015 to March 2020
The Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission has presented a new opportunity to study the fine scale structures and phenomena of the Earth’s magnetosphere, including cross scale pr…
Small Area Stream Mapping with Directly Georeferenced Pole Aerial Photography
The collection of high-resolution data is helping researchers better understand form, process, and change in river systems and, especially, stream restoration projects. In the las…
Low-temperature thermochronology data from the eastern South China Block decipher episodic subduction of the Paleo-Paci…
Mesozoic subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate triggered intense tectonism, magmatism, and metallogeny in the eastern South China Block (E-SCB) and set off long-term tectonic, top…
A Predictor of Turbulent Kinetic Energy for Oscillatory Flows Through Submerged Aquatic Vegetation
Aquatic vegetation modifies hydrodynamics, turbulence structure, sediment transport, and ecological processes in marine ecosystems. Recent turbulence models for vegetated flows ha…
Secondary Fast Breakdown in Narrow Bipolar Events
The physical mechanism of Narrow Bipolar Events (NBEs) has been studied for decades but it still holds many mysteries. Recent observations indicate that the fast breakdown dischar…
Bidirectional River-Floodplain Connectivity During Combined Pluvial-Fluvial Events
Hydrologic connectivity controls the lateral exchange of water, solids, and solutes between rivers and floodplains, and is critical to ecosystem function, water treatment, flood a…
Deepening of radiation belt over South Atlantic Anomaly region
The geomagnetic field has an unusual weak spot over South America and the South Atlantic Ocean, called South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA). The magnetospheric particles trapped in this f…
Advancing Open and Reproducible Water Data Science by Integrating Data Analytics with an Online Data Repository
Scientific and related management challenges in the water domain require synthesis of data from multiple domains. Many data analysis tasks are difficult because datasets are large…
Convolutional Neural Networks for Detection of Point Source Methane Plumes in Airborne Imaging Spectrometer Data
To address discrepancies between bottom-up and top-down inventories of methane emissions, the detection and quantification of methane point source emissions is of critical concern…
A Review of Satellite Cloud Condensation Nuclei Retrieval Methods for Evaluation with In-situ Measurements from Aircraf…
Aerosol-cloud interactions are the most uncertain component of the Earth system, due to their major influence on cloud properties, and as a result, Earth’s energy budget. We need …
Underground Ice on Mars: Characterization Activities, Potential as an In Situ Resource, and Possible Destination for Hu…
One of the next giant leaps for humanity—inhabiting our neighbor planet Mars—requires enough water to support multi-year human survival and to create rocket fuel for the nearly 15…
Simulating N 2 O Emission from Fertilized Mesocosm Using Knowledge Guided Machine Learning
Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is one of the important greenhouse gases (GHGs), with its global warming potential 265 times greater than that of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). About 60% of the an…
Evaluating Uncertainty in FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs) using Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) and Hierarchical …
Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs) managed by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) have been providing ongoing flood information to most of the communities in the United …
Spatiotemporal assessment of terrestrial water storage over Indian sub-continent
Drought is a natural disaster that mainly affects water resources, agriculture, and a country’s social and economic development due to its long-term and frequent occurrence. There…
User-Driven Ocean and Coastal Management via the NASA PACE Applications Program
The Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, and Ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission is NASA’s next great investment in Earth Science, continuing NASA’s legacy of over forty years of satellite ocean …
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