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Showing 6301 to 6350 of 59105 works
An investigation of auroral E region energy exchange using Poker Flat Incoherent Scatter Radar observations during fall…
We present new results using data collected by the Poker Flat Incoherent Scatter Radar (PFISR) of energy transfer rates which include the effects from neutral winds in the high la…
Melt migration and chemical differentiation by reactive porosity waves
Melt transport across the ductile mantle is essential for oceanic crust formation or intraplate volcanism. Metasomatic enrichment of the lithospheric mantle demonstrates that melt…
Free infragravity waves in the North Sea
Infragravity waves are low-frequency surface waves that can impact a variety of nearshore and oceanic processes. Recent measurements in the North Sea showed that significant burst…
The impact of ocean-wave coupling on the upper ocean circulation during storm events
Many human activities rely on accurate knowledge of the sea surface dynamics. This is especially true during storm events, when wave-current interactions might represent a leading…
A unified framework for earthquake sequences and the growth of geological structure in fold-thrust belts
Observations of fold growth in fold-thrust belt settings show that brittle deformation can be localized or distributed. Localized shear is associated with frictional slip on prima…
Frequency Dependent Mantle Viscoelasticity via the Complex Viscosity: cases from Antarctica
Studies of glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) often use paleoshorelines and present-day deformation to constrain the viscosity of the mantle and the thickness of the elastic litho…
Constraining the ocean’s biological pump with in situ optical observations and supervised learning. Part 1:particle siz…
The abundance and size distribution of marine organic particles are two major factors controlling biological carbon sequestration in the ocean. These quantities are the result of …
Reduced Complexity Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2: Synthesising Earth system knowledge for probabilistic climate…
Over the last decades, climate science has evolved rapidly across multiple expert domains. Our best tools to capture state-of-the-art knowledge in an internally self-consistent mo…
Discretized Clay Shell Model (DCSM) of Clayey Sandstone: Evaluating the Effective Stress Coefficient of Permeability
The effective stress coefficient α determines the effective stress, which dominating the permeability of rocks. However, the documented value of α for rocks shows a high scatter (…
Determination of Venus' interior structure with EnVision
The Venusian geological features are poorly gravity-resolved and the state of the core is not well constrained, preventing to understand Venus’ cooling history. The EnVision candi…
Odd, Even & Whole Number Schumann Point Triads of a Relativistic Radiation Pattern
There are different numerical models, such as the transmission-line matrix model or partially uniform knee model used to predict Schumann radiation. This report introduces a new m…
Characterisation and Modelling of Heterogeneous Sandstone and Carbonate Rocks
The characterisation of multiphase flow properties is essential for predicting large-scale fluid behaviour in the subsurface. Insufficient representation of small-scale heterogene…
A Multiscale Spatio-Temporal Big Data Fusion Algorithm from Point to Satellite Footprint Scales
The past six decades has seen an explosive growth in remote sensing data across air, land, and water dramatically improving predictive capabilities of physical models and machine-…
l1 Trend Filtering-based Detection of Short-term Slow Slip Events: Application to a GNSS Array in Southwest Japan
The discovery of slow slip events (SSEs) based on the installation of dense geodetic observation networks has provided important clues to understanding the process of stress relea…
Summer Regional Climate Simulations over Tibetan Plateau: gray-zone versus convection-permitting
In this study, two Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) experiments with gray-zone (GZ9) and convection-permitting (CP3) resolution are conducted for summer from 2009 to 2…
Geospatial Image Collection to Improve the Specificity of Climate Interventions.
Climate communication involves deep community engagement and multiple parallel behavior interventions for a wide array of audiences. Images include large amounts of culturally nua…
Gradient winds and neutral flow asymmetry in the auroral oval during disturbed conditions
The Pedersen component of the Lorentz force produces an acceleration that is generally in the zonal direction in much of the dawn and dusk sectors in the auroral oval. During dist…
A time-dependent two-dimensional model simu- lation of lower ionospheric variations under in- tense SAID
The subauroral ion drift (SAID) denotes a latitudinally narrow channel of fast westward ion drift in the subauroral region, often observed during geomagnetically disturbed interva…
An Electron Backscatter Diffraction and Cathode-Luminescence Study of Microstructures in the Damage Zone and the Active…
Using Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD), we conducted a preliminary study on 6 core samples from the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) between 3193-3311m Meas…
The Earth's surface controls the depth-dependent seismic radiation of megathrust earthquakes
Megathrust earthquakes exhibit a ubiquitous seismic radiation style: low-frequency (LF) seismic energy is efficiently emitted from the shallowest portion of the fault, whereas hig…
The Bioburden and Ionic Composition of Hypersaline Lake Ices: Novel Habitats on Earth and Their Astrobiological Implica…
We present thermophysical, biological, and chemical observations of ice and brine samples from five compositionally diverse hypersaline lakes in British Columbia's interior platea…
Ocean model formulation influences transient climate response
The transient climate response (TCR) is 20% higher in the Alfred Wegener Institute Climate Model (AWI-CM) compared to the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM) whereas…
Intermediate Layers responses to Geomagnetic Activity During the 2009 Deep Solar Minimum Over the Brazilian Low Latitud…
Intermediate layers (ILs) are regions of enhanced electron density located in the ionospheric valley that extends from the peak altitude of the daytime E-region to the bottom side…
Laboratory Modelling of Sill Emplacement: Part 1 - saucer-shaped intrusions
We investigate the conditions under which saucer-shaped sills form through the upper crust and their geometries. We performed a series of scaled laboratory experiments that employ…
Mitigation of Coronal Hole Obscuration for Open Flux Estimates
Coronal holes (CH) are dark areas in EUV images that are generally associated with open magnetic field regions on the Sun. CHs detected over the entire Sun can be used to estimate…
Reexamining the potential to classify lava flows from the fractality of their margins
Can fractal analysis of a lava flow’s margin enable classification of the lava’s morphologic type (e.g., pāhoehoe)? Such classifications would provide insights into the rheology a…
Evidence for Stress Localization Caused by Lithospheric Heterogeneity from Seismic Attenuation
The Wyoming Craton underwent tectonic modifications during the Laramide Orogeny, which resulted in a series of basement-cored uplifts that built the modern-day Rockies. The easter…
Machine-Learning Research in the Space Weather Journal: Prospects, Scope and Limitations
Manuscripts based on machine-learning techniques have significantly increased in Space Weather over the past few years. We discuss which manuscripts are within the journal’s scope…
Space Based Assessment and Review of Chamoli, Uttarakhand (North India) Rockslide Event of February 07, 2021
Today with the advancement in remote sensing technology, very high resolution imaging together with the capability of stereo data acquisition has greatly enhanced the disaster man…
Comment on “The global range of temperatures on convergent plate interfaces” by England and May
England and May (2021) present a model comparison for the forearc thermal structure in subduction zones that employs a finite element modeling technique and a new variation on app…
Interpreting the daily cycle of H 2 venting in the Sao Francisco Basin of Brazil
Air containing ~100 ppm H 2 gas is venting about 8 hours a day from multiple locations on the periphery of 550m-diameter barren-of-vegetation depression in the Sao Francisco Basin…
Can Hydrological Models Be Used to Characterise Spatial Dependency in Global Stochastic Flood Modelling?
Flood models typically produce flood maps with constant return periods in space, without considering the spatial structure of flood events. At a large scale, this can lead to a mi…
The dynamical coupling of wind-waves and atmospheric turbulence: a review of theoretical and phenomenological models
When wind blows over the ocean, short wind-waves (of wavelength smaller than 10 meters) are generated, rapidly reaching an equilibrium with the overlying turbulence (at heights lo…
Quantification of the water age and submarine groundwater discharge in a typical semi-enclosed bay: Using stable oxygen…
Nutrient inputs through submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) play a significant role in sustaining primary productivity and nutrient cycling in coastal areas. Currently, various …
The effect of cascade hydropower group's leading reservoir regulation control on nitrogen migration
Cascade hydropower group of Wujiang River in Guizhou Province, China, is an essential part of the west-east power transmission project. Hongjiadu Hydropower Station is the first r…
A Multi-instrument Study of a Dipolarization Event in the Inner Magnetosphere
A dipolarization of the background magnetic field was observed during a conjunction of the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) spacecraft and Van Allen Probe B on 22 September 2018. T…
Geodetic Monitoring at Axial Seamount Since its 2015 Eruption Reveals a Waning Magma Supply and Tightly Linked Rates of…
Axial Seamount is a basaltic hot spot volcano with a summit caldera at a depth of ~1500 m below sea level, superimposed on the Juan de Fuca spreading ridge, giving it a robust and…
Two typical collective behaviors of the heavy ions expanding in cold plasma with ambient magnetic field
We have studied the evolution of the heavy ions that expand in a cold background plasma. Two typical conditions are considered where only the debris ion’s initial total mass is si…
Searching for Subsurface Oceans on the Moons of Uranus Using Magnetic Induction
Icy moons around the ice giant planets may contain subsurface oceans. Their oceans could be detected and characterized using measurements of magnetic fields induced by the host pl…
Dynamical immiscibility of aqueous carbonate fluid in shortite-water system at high P-T conditions
Anhydrous carbonate shortite compressed in the aqueous fluid at high P-T (up to 5 GPa, 350°C) was studied with in situ Raman spectroscopy. The DFT was used to calculate the lattic…
Changes in atmospheric aerosols before and after the COVID-19 global shutdown
The COVID-19 virus was first detected in Wuhan, China and its genesis was traced to infected bats, passed through an intermediate host to humans. COVID-19 or “Coronavirus” reached…
Carbonation of mantle peridotites at the Atlantis Massif: Insights from IODP Expedition 357
Petrographic and major element investigations on carbonates from drill cores recovered during IODP Expedition 357 on the Atlantis Massif (AM) provide information on the genesis of…
Field measurements from contrasting reefs show spurs and grooves can dissipate more wave energy than the reef crest
Coral reefs are widely recognized as effective dissipaters of wave energy. Spurs and grooves (SAG) are common features of fore reefs worldwide and are thought to be particularly e…
Electron density and conductance in the auroral ionosphere during substorms. Influence of solar wind and plasma sheet s…
Enhanced precipitation of magnetospheric energetic particles during substorms increases ionospheric electron density and conductance. Such enhancements, which have timescales of a…
Comparison of Stacked Sentinel-3 A&B and AltiKa Repeat Cycle Data
Sentinel-3 A&B radar altimeters yield sea surface height measurements in both a high-precision Synthetic Aperture Radar Mode (SARM), and a Pseudo-Low Resolution Mode (PLRM). We st…
Influences of Recent Particle Formation on Southern Ocean Aerosol Variability and Low Cloud Properties
Controls on pristine aerosol over the Southern Ocean (SO) are critical for constraining the strength of global aerosol indirect forcing. Observations of summertime SO clouds and a…
Impacts of Lower Thermospheric Atomic Oxygen and Dynamics on Thermospheric Semiannual Oscillation using GITM and WACCM-X
The latitudinal and temporal variation of atomic oxygen (O) is opposite between the empirical model, MSIS and the whole atmosphere model, WACCM-X at 97-100 km. The [O] from WACCM-…
Charge exchange ion losses in Saturn's magnetosphere
While various source and loss processes have been proposed for ions in Saturn’s magnetosphere, it is not yet well understood what role they play in different regions. In this stud…
Disappearance, recovery and patchiness of plasmaspheric hiss following two consecutive interplanetary shocks: First res…
We present, for the first time, a plasmaspheric hiss event observed by the Van Allen probes in response to two successive interplanetary shocks occurring within an interval of ~2 …
Reversing Sahelian Droughts
Earth system modeling of climate geoengineering proposals suggests that the physical outcomes of such interventions will depend on the particulars of the implementation. Here, we …
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