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Showing 5851 to 5900 of 59105 works
Systematic climate model biases in the large-scale pattern of recent sea-surface temperature and sea-level pressure cha…
Observed surface temperature trends over recent decades are characterized by (i) intensified warming in the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool and slight cooling in the eastern equatorial Pac…
Forest density is more effective than tree rigidity at reducing the onshore energy flux of tsunamis: Evidence from Larg…
Communities around the world are increasingly interested in nature-based solutions to mitigation of coastal risks like coastal forests, but it remains unclear how much protective …
Diurnal variations in the aphelion cloud belt as observed by the Emirates Exploration Imager (EXI)
Observations by the Emirates eXploration Imager (EXI) on-board the Emirates Mars Mission are used to characterize the diurnal, seasonal, and spatial behavior of Aphelion Cloud Bel…
Radiation, Clouds, and Self-Aggregation in RCEMIP Simulations
The responses of tropical anvil cloud and low-level cloud to a warming climate are among the largest sources of uncertainty in our estimates of climate sensitivity. However, most …
Research on the Initiation of Multiple Upward Leaders From a Single Structure Based on an Improved Lightning Attachment…
More and more optical records have exhibited that multiple upward leaders (MULs) occur frequently on a structure in the flash attachment process. An interesting issue is why a str…
Sub-Lithospheric Small-Scale Convection Tomographically Imaged Beneath the Pacific Plate
Small-scale convection beneath the oceanic plates has been invoked to explain off-axis non-plume volcanism, departure from simple seafloor depth-age relationships, and intraplate …
The response of the Subtropical Front to changes in the Southern Hemisphere Westerly Winds - Evidence from models and o…
The location of the Subtropical Front (STF), the boundary between Subtropical and Subantarctic Water in the Southern Ocean is proposed to be controlled by the strength and locatio…
An analytical approach for alkalinity measurement with a small volume of natural water by chemical equilibrium formula …
Spectrophotometry using a small sample volume has been developed to measure the alkalinity (or bicarbonate). However, the experimental and calculation processes are complicated, a…
Timing of Tectonic and Magmatic Events in the Philippine Sea Plate since 50 Ma from High-Resolution Magnetostratigraphy…
The Izu-Bonin-Mariana (IBM) subduction system is a key natural laboratory providing fundamental insights into subduction dynamics and the evolution of associated upper plate magma…
How Hot Is Too Hot? Disentangling Mid-Cretaceous Hothouse Paleoclimate from Diagenesis
The North American Newark Canyon Formation (~113–98 Ma) presents an opportunity to examine how various terrestrial carbonate facies reflect different aspects of paleoclimate durin…
Resonant generation of an Alfven wave by a substorm injected electron cloud: a Van Allen probe case study
In the paper a unique phenomenon - the resonant generation of ultra-low frequency (ULF) wave by energetic electrons in the magnetosphere - is presented. On 27 October 2012 in the …
Sequential melting of deep crustal sources in a rift system: An example from the Southern Tibet
How the continental crust responds geochemically to progressive extension is one of the interesting questions. The Southern Tibet Rift System (STRS) is one of the active extension…
Characterization of the Thermospheric Mean Winds and Circulation during Solstice using ICON/MIGHTI Observations
Using the horizontal neutral wind observations from the MIGHTI instrument onboard NASA’s ICON (Ionospheric Connection Explorer) spacecraft with continuous coverage, we determine t…
Two Types of Martian Magnetotail Current Sheets: MAVEN Observations of Ion Composition
The ion composition of the tail current sheet is essential to understanding the Martian ion escape, however, our current knowledge is poor. Using measurements by Mars Atmosphere a…
AGU Report to NSF on Accelerating Research and Impacts in GeoHealth
GeoHealth represents the critical intersection between the Earth and environmental sciences, and agricultural and health sciences. Following a specific request from the National S…
Capturing missing physics in climate model parameterizations using neural differential equations
We explore how neural differential equations (NDEs) may be trained on highly resolved fluid-dynamical models of unresolved scales providing an ideal framework for data-driven para…
Contribution of gravity waves to universal vertical wavenumber (~m^(-3)) spectra revealed by a gravity-wave-permitting …
Observations with high vertical resolution have revealed that power spectra of horizontal wind and temperature fluctuations versus vertical wavenumber m have a universal shape wit…
Wintertime Brine Discharge at the Surface of a Cold Polar Glacier and the Unexpected Absence of Associated Seismicity
A subglacial groundwater system beneath Taylor Glacier discharges hypersaline, iron-rich brine episodically at the glacier surface to create Blood Falls; however, the triggering m…
The origin of the low-velocity anomalies beneath the rootless Atlas Mountains: an insight gained from modeling of aniso…
When a mantle plume rises from the deep mantle and reaches the base of a tectonic plate, it changes the traveling direction from vertical to horizontal. The horizontal spread of p…
Geomorphological analysis with digital elevation model of Monad Regio, Triton
Triton is one of the few satellites in the Solar System which shows an ongoing geological activity, with plumes and geysers whose origin is still controversial [1]. Its surface is…
Regional climate simulation of tropical cyclone at gray-zone resolution over Western North Pacific: With/without cumulu…
Tropical cyclones (TCs) simulated at gray-zone resolution (9km) in the Advanced Research version of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF-ARW) are performed and evaluate…
On the Prevalence of High Climate Sensitivity Models
The most recent generation of climate models exhibits an alarming increase in high climate sensitivity models compared to previous generations. Because the calculation of equilibr…
How Well Do We Understand the Land-Ocean-Atmosphere Carbon Cycle?
Fossil fuel combustion, land use change and other human activities have increased the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) abundance by about 50% since the beginning of the industrial…
The Stratospheric Diurnal Cycle in COSMIC GPS Radio Occultation Data: Scientific Applications
The diurnal cycle throughout the stratosphere is analyzed by applying Bayesian interpolation to COSMIC GPS radio occultation (RO) data and three scientific applications of the ana…
Sahel rainfall projections constrained by past sensitivity to global warming
Africa’s central Sahel region has experienced prolonged drought conditions in the past, while rainfall has recovered more recently. Global climate models project anything from no …
Micro- to nano-scale areal heterogeneity in pore structure and mineral compositions of a sub-decimeter-sized Eagle Ford…
To improve the understanding of spatial heterogeneity in fine-grained shale, methods of microscale X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) mapping, (ultra-) small-angle x-ray scattering [(U)SA…
The vertical structure and entrainment of subglacial melt water plumes
Basal melting of marine-terminating glaciers, through its impact on the forces that control the flow of the glaciers, is one of the major factors determining sea level rise in a w…
Geophysical imaging of the deep critical zone architecture reveals the complex interplay between hydrological and weath…
The Critical Zone (CZ) evolves through weathering and erosion processes that shape landscapes and control the availability and quality of natural resources. Although many of these…
A semi-empirical approach for tsunami inundation: An application to the coasts of South Italy
Tsunamis in the Mediterranean Sea have been increasingly investigated in the last decades due to past destructive events. We present a novel approach for evaluating tsunami-induce…
Understanding the geodetic signature of large aquifer systems: Example of the Ozark Plateaus in Central United States
The continuous redistribution of water mass involved in the hydrologic cycle leads to deformation of The continuous redistribution of water involved in the hydrologic cycle leads …
Contribution of Atmospheric Rivers to Antarctic Precipitation
Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are efficient mechanisms for transporting atmospheric moisture from low latitudes to the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS). While AR events occur infrequently, th…
Snowmelt detection of Antarctic ice sheet based on AMSR-2 89 GHz channels
Antarctic ice sheets play an important role in global sea-levels and climate changes. Snowmelt information with high spatial resolution on the surface of ice sheets is of great si…
Impacts of Climate Seasonality on Water Availability and Long-Term Water Balance - A Aridity-Seasonality Index (ASI)
This study investigates the impacts of climate seasonality, i.e., the seasonal cycle of precipitation (P) relative to that of potential evaporation (PET), on surface water supply …
Brittle Creep and Brittle Failure of Rocks: a reformulation of the wing crack model
We propose a reformulation of the wing crack model of brittle creep and brittle failure. Experimental studies suggest that the mechanical interactions of sliding and tensile wing …
Parameters Variation and Flow Characteristics when CO2 Displacing Brine in Four Micromodels Simulating Carbon Sequestra…
Two-phase flow of CO 2 /brine in porous media is critical to the capacity and safety of carbon sequestration into the brine aquifer. In order to provide valuable information and i…
An Eastward Current Encircling Mercury
Mercury has a terrestrial-like magnetosphere which is usually taken as a scaled-down-version of Earth’s magnetosphere with a similar current system. We examine Mercury’s magnetosp…
Emergence of Heavy Tails in Streamflow Distributions: the Role of Spatial Rainfall Variability
Flow events with low frequency often cause severe damages, especially if their magnitudes are higher than suggested by historical observations. Heavier right tail of streamflow di…
Whole-mantle tomography of Southeast Asia: New insight into plumes and slabs
We present detailed 3-D images of whole mantle P-wave velocity structure beneath Southeast Asia and surrounding regions. The results are obtained by applying an updated global tom…
Assessment and constraint of mesozooplankton in CMIP6 Earth system models
Although zooplankton play a substantial role in the biological carbon pump and serve as a crucial link between primary producers and higher trophic level consumers, the skillful r…
Analogue models of lithospheric-scale rifting monitored in an X-ray CT scanner
Rifting and continental break-up are fundamental tectonic processes, the understanding of which is of prime importance. However, the vast temporal and spatial scales involved pose…
HamSCI: Ionospheric Climatology Over a Complete Solar Cycle Observed Using Amateur Radio Contact Data
Since mid-2008, automated radio monitoring networks such as the Reverse Beacon Network (RBN) and the Weak Signal Propagation Reporting Network (WSPRNet) have been observing and lo…
Flawed Carbon Cycle Models
The impulse response of CO2 concentration due to variation in CO2 emissions was estimated from observed time series using the ARX method augmented by testing residuals for self-co…
High-resolution Poynting Flux Statistics from the Swarm Mission: How Much is Being Underestimated at Larger Scales?
Underestimation of the transfer of energy between the magnetosphere and ionosphere, the Poynting flux, is a persistent issue in space weather studies and the high-latitude ionosph…
A framework fusing multiple representations of same processes from different perspectives for robust modeling of plant …
A modeling framework is presented for hydrological modeling to more accurately describe the water, energy, and carbon cycles and their interactions with participating processes. T…
Statistical estimates of rock-free lunar regolith thickness from Diviner
The thickness of the lunar regolith has been previously estimated using seismic, radar, and crater morphology data to be on the order of tens of meters. In this study, we use rock…
The global overturning circulation and the importance of non-equilibrium effects in ECCOv4r4
We quantify the volume transport and watermass transformation rates of the global ocean circulation using the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean version 4 release…
Abating HCl and HNO3 is more effective than NH3 for mitigating high aerosol loading over the Indo-Gangetic Plain
This study investigates aerosol “sensitivity regimes” to explore the effectiveness of abating gaseous precursors to mitigate aerosols over the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP). A new mec…
TECTONIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE ANKARA-ERZINCAN SUTURE AND THE EASTERN PONTIDE MOUNTAINS, NORTHEAST ANATOLIA, TURKEY
The Eastern Pontides are the northmost component of the Anatolian orogen. Its geological development closely associated with the evolution of the Ankara-Erzincan Suture. It exhibi…
Interactions Between Internal Tidal Bores and Submesoscale Currents on the Continental Shelf
Realistic simulations of Central California reveal interactions between shoaling internal tidal bores and submesoscale currents on the inner-shelf (30-60 m depth). These interacti…
Low-Noise High-Sensitivity Observation of Electromagnetic Precursors of Large Earthquakes in Japan
Detection of precursors of earthquakes has long been a controversial issue in regard to its possibility and realizability. Here we present successful and stable observation of the…
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