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Showing 58251 to 58300 of 59105 works
Topographic modulation of fault kinematics in the Himalaya and Tibet
In many locations in the Himalaya and Tibet, extensional stepovers on strike-slip faults occur beneath pre-existing topographic highs. An influential physical model of orogens, ex…
Exogenic forcing and autogenic processes on continental divide location and mobility -- preprint
The position and mobility of drainage divides is an expression of exogenic landscape forcing and autogenic channel network processes integrated across a range of scales. At the la…
Slope-fan depositional architecture from high-resolution forward stratigraphic models
Submarine fans in tectonically active continental-slope basins are targets of petroleum exploration and production. These slope fans commonly comprise compensationally stacked san…
Lake sediment records of persistent organic pollutants and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Southern Siberia mirror …
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have previously been detected in the surface sediments, water, and endemic organisms of Lake Baika…
The joint influence of break and noise variance on the break detection capability in time series homogenization
Instrumental climate records of the last centuries suffer from multiple breaks due to relocations and changes in measurement techniques. These breaks are detected by relative homo…
Recycling of archaeal biomass as a new strategy for extreme life in Dead Sea deep sediments
Archaea and Bacteria that inhabit the deep subsurface (known as the deep biosphere) play a prevalent role in the recycling of sedimentary organic carbon. In such environments, thi…
The influence of community recommendations on metadata completeness
Many communities use standard, structured documentation that is machine-readable, i.e. metadata, to make discovery, access, use, and understanding of scientific datasets possible.…
The spectrum of slip behaviours of a granular fault gouge analogue governed by rate and state friction.
The exact principles of earthquake recurrence and magnitude are currently unknown which is why earthquake hazard assessment relies on statistical models combined with numerical si…
The Apparent Stratification at the Top of Earths Liquid Core
Earths magnetic field is generated by turbulent motion in its fluid outer core. Although the bulk of the outer core is vigorously convecting and well-mixed, some seismic, geomagne…
Stratigraphic modeling of the Western Taiwan foreland basin: sediment flux from a growing mountain range and tectonic i…
Sediment flux signals in foreland basins preserve a record of tectonics, sea level and climate through erosion and sedimentation. However, longitudinal sediment transport often oc…
Optimising tidal range power plant operation
Tidal range power plants represent an attractive approach for the large-scale generation of electricity from the marine environment. Even though the tides and by extension the ava…
Gender Representation of Speaking Opportunities at the American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting
Implicit and explicit biases impede the participation of women in geoscience. Documented biases include the quality of postdoctoral recommendation letters and opportunities to rev…
Criteria and Tools for Determining Drainage Divide Stability
Watersheds are the fundamental organizing units in landscapes and thus the controls on drainage divide location and mobility are an essential facet of landscape evolution. Additio…
Structural signatures of igneous sheet intrusion propagation
The geometry and distribution of planar igneous bodies (i.e. sheet intrusions), such as dykes, sills, and inclined sheets, has long been used to determine emplacement mechanics, d…
Multiphase flow characteristics of heterogeneous rocks from CO2 storage reservoirs in the United Kingdom
We have studied the impact of heterogeneity on relative permeability and residual trapping for rock samples from the Bunter sandstone of the UK Southern North Sea, the Ormskirk Sa…
Tropical cyclones shift poleward more over Land than over Ocean
The latitudes of all Northern Hemisphere tropical cyclones (TCs) from the National Hurricane Center (NHC)/Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) best track data are used to investiga…
Characterising Drainage Multiphase Flow in Heterogeneous Sandstones
In this work, we analyse the characterisation of drainage multiphase flow properties on heterogeneous rock cores using a rich experimental dataset and mm-m scale numerical simulat…
Inverse analysis to reconstruct hydraulic conditions of non-steady turbidity currents based on multiple grain-size clas…
This study proposes a new method of inverse analysis of ancient turbidites to represent non-steady turbidity currents and account for multiple grain-size classes. The forward mode…
Neogene - Quaternary slow coastal uplift of Western Europe through the perspective of sequences of strandlines from the…
The Cotentin Peninsula (Normandy, France) displays sequences of marine terraces and rasas, the latter being wide Late Cenozoic coastal erosion surfaces, that are typical of Wester…
Subsurface expression of a tertiary salt weld, Gulf of Mexico
Salt welds form due to salt expulsion and thinning by mechanical (e.g. salt flow) and/or chemical (e.g. salt dissolution) processes. Despite being ubiquitous in salt-bearing sedim…
Types of mixing and heterogeneities in siliciclastic-carbonate sediments
Mixed siliciclastic-carbonate deposits consist of a suite of different types of mixing between the two components, from bed (core-plug) to stratigraphic (seismic) scales, producin…
Kinematics of Polygonal Fault Systems: Observations from the Northern North Sea
Layer-bound, low-displacement normal faults, arranged into a broadly polygonal pattern, are common in many sedimentary basins. Despite having constrained their gross geometry, we …
Non-crossing nonlinear regression quantiles by monotone composite quantile regression neural network, with application …
The goal of quantile regression is to estimate conditional quantiles for specified values of quantile probability using linear or nonlinear regression equations. These estimates a…
Synchronization of great subduction megathrust earthquakes: Insights from scale model analysis
The size of great subduction megathrust earthquakes is controlled mainly by the number of adjacent asperities failing synchronously and the resulting rupture length. Here we inves…
The crisis of a paradigm. A methodological interpretation of Tohoku and Fukushima catastrophe
The 2011 Japanese disaster often presented as a ‘new Chernobyl’ accumulated the effects of earthquake, tsunami and of the subsequent nuclear accident at Fukushima. In the light of…
Estimating geological CO2 storage security to deliver on climate mitigation
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) can help nations meet their Paris CO2 reduction commitments cost-effectively. However, lack of confidence in geologic CO2 storage security remains…
Visions of Volcanoes
The long nineteenth century marked an important transition in the understanding of the nature of combustion and fire, and of volcanoes and the interior of the earth. It was also a…
Ice shelf rift propagation and the mechanics of wave-induced fracture
Distant storms, tsunamis, and earthquakes generate waves on floating ice shelves. Previous studies, however, have disagreed about whether the resulting wave-induced stresses may …
Lithospheric flexure and rheology determined by climate cycle markers in the Corinth Rift
Geomorphic strain markers accumulating the effects of many earthquake cycles help to constrain the mechanical behaviour of continental rift systems as well as the related seismic …
Sedimentology and reservoir properties of tabular and erosive offshore transition deposits in wave-dominated, shallow-m…
Facies models for wave-dominated shorelines include an "offshore transition zone" between shelfal mudstones and nearshore shoreface sandstones. Offshore transition zone deposits a…
How, where and when do radial faults grow near salt diapirs?
We examine 3-D seismic reflection data from the Santos Basin, offshore Brazil to determine how, where and when do radial faults grow near a sub-circular salt diapir (stock). We sh…
The evolution of REE mineralisation within the Ditrău Alkaline Complex, Romania: interplay of magmatic and hydrothermal…
The Ditrău Igneous Complex (NE Romania) is a tilted Mesozoic layered alkaline intrusion (~19 km diameter), with enrichments in rare earth elements (REE), niobium, tantalum and mol…
The role of coseismic Coulomb stress changes in shaping the hard-link between normal fault segments
The mechanism and evolution of fault linkage is important in the growth and development of large faults. Here we investigate the role of coseismic stress changes in shaping the ha…
Rupture Process during the Mw 8.1 2017 Chiapas Mexico Earthquake: Shallow Intraplate Normal Faulting by Slab Bending
A seismic source model for the Mw 8.1 2017 Chiapas, Mexico, earthquake was constructed by kinematic waveform inversion using globally observed teleseismic waveforms, suggesting th…
Throw Rate Variability on Gravity-Driven Normal Faults; Constraints from the Gudrun Fault, South Viking Graben, Offshor…
The growth and throw rate variability on normal faults can reflect fault interaction, plate tectonic forces and, in gravity-driven systems, variations in sediment loading. Because…
Temperatures recorded by cosmogenic noble gases since the last glacial maximum in the Maritime Alps
While proxy records have been used to reconstruct late Quaternary climate parameters throughout the European Alps, our knowledge of deglacial climate conditions in the Maritime Al…
The INTAV intercomparison of electron-beam microanalysis of glass by tephrochronology laboratories, results and recomme…
The INternational focus group on Tephrochronology And Volcanism (INTAV) of the International Union for Quaternary Research (INQUA) has conducted an intercomparison of tephrochrono…
Temporal evolution of extensional fault-propagation folds
Integration of three-dimensional seismic and well data from the Upper Jurassic North Sea rift provides insights into the temporal evolution of fault-propagation folds in extension…
BIOMEDIATION OF SEDIMENT GRAVITY FLOW DYNAMICS
Sediment gravity flows (SGFs) are the primary process by which sediment and organic carbon are transported from the continental margin to the deep ocean. Forty percent of the tota…
Comparison of 0-D, 1-D and 2-D model capabilities for tidal range energy resource assessments
Tidal range energy projects present an attractive means for the predictable and large-scale generation of electricity from the marine environment. In particular, proposals are und…
Numerical solution of a non-linear conservation law applicable to the interior dynamics of partially molten planets
The energy balance of a partially molten rocky planet can be expressed as a non-linear diffusion equation using mixing length theory to quantify heat transport by both convection …
High curvatures drive river meandering
One of the long- and widely held ideas about the dynamics of meandering rivers is that migration slows down in bends with higher curvatures. Identifying the radius of curvature at…
Scientific and risk-reduction benefits of involving citizens in monitoring volcanic activity
Citizen science involves volunteers, regardless of scientific background, in conducting scientific investigations. Although the extent of citizen involvement varies, the reported …
Seismic and structural characterization of a pre-salt rifted section: the Lagoa Feia Group, Campos Basin, offshore Braz…
The exploration of pre-salt offshore SE Brazil presents a multifaceted deep-water scenario that is bringing new challenges to seismic interpretation in offshore Brazilian explorat…
Unravelling intrusion-induced forced fold kinematics and ground deformation using 3D seismic reflection data
Sills emplaced at shallow-levels are commonly accommodated by overburden uplift, producing forced folds. We examine ancient forced folds developed above saucer-shaped sills using …
Fault growth and interactions in a multiphase rift fault network: Horda Platform, Norwegian North Sea
Physical models predict that multiphase rifts that experience a change in extension direction between stretching phases will typically develop non-colinear normal fault sets. Furt…
The 1902-3 eruptions of the Soufrière, St Vincent: impacts, relief and response
Retrospective analysis of the contemporary colonial and scientific records of a major explosive eruption of the Soufrière of St Vincent from 1902-1903 reveals how this significant…
Punctuated Sediment Discharge During Early Pliocene Birth of the Colorado River: Evidence from Regional Stratigraphy, S…
The Colorado River in the southwestern U.S. provides an excellent natural laboratory for studying the origins of a continent-scale river system, because deposits that formed prior…
A new global mode of Earth deformation: seasonal cycle detected
We have detected a global mode of Earth deformation that is predicted by theory. Precise positioning of GPS sites distributed worldwide reveals that in February to March the north…
Choice of optimal averaging radii for temporal GRACE gravity solutions, a comparison with GPS and satellite altimetry
One of the initial challenges of the GRACE mission is to validate the accuracy of the time-variable gravity fields. These gravity fields contain both spatially correlated (systema…
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