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Showing 58151 to 58200 of 59105 works
Fine-Scale SAR Soil Moisture Estimation in the Subarctic Tundra
In the subarctic tundra, soil moisture information can benefit permafrost monitoring and ecological studies, but fine-scale remote sensing approaches are lacking. We explore the s…
Coulomb stress transfer and fault interaction over millennia on non-planar active normal faults: the Mw 6.5-5.0 seismic…
In order to investigate the importance of including strike-variable geometry and the knowledge of historical and palaeoseismic earthquakes when modelling static Coulomb stress tra…
Time-dependent compaction as a mechanism for regular stick-slips
Owing to their destructive potential, earthquakes receive considerable attention from laboratory studies. In friction experiments, stick-slips are studied as the laboratory equiva…
Rheological transitions facilitate fault-spanning ruptures on seismically active and creeping faults
The apparent stochastic nature of earthquakes poses major challenges for earthquake forecasting attempts. Physical constraints on the seismogenic potential of major fault zones ma…
Ambient noise image Campi Flegrei 2011-2013
Earthquakes at Campi Flegrei have been low-magnitude and sparse for more than thirty years, denying onshore monitoring observations of their usual source for structural constraint…
Knowledge in the Dark: Scientific Challenges and Ways Forward
We propose the concept of knowledge in the dark – or short: dark knowledge – and outline how it can help clarify why in our current era of Big Data, the knowledge (i.e. evidence-b…
Enhanced velocity based pore pressure prediction using lithofacies clustering: A case study from a reservoir with compl…
The primary goal of this paper is to improve accuracy and reliability of the conventional Bowers and Tau methods in a reservoir with complex lithology. We demonstrate the capabili…
Missing emissions from post-monsoon agricultural fires in northwestern India: regional limitations of MODIS burned area…
A rising source of outdoor emissions in northwestern India is crop residue burning, occurring after the monsoon (kharif) and winter (rabi) crop harvests. In particular, post-monso…
Evaluating models of Coulomb stress transfer: Is variable fault geometry important?
To determine the importance of receiver fault geometry in Coulomb stress calculations a new methodology is presented to model faults with variable geometry. Although most models u…
Kinematics of the active West Andean fold-and-thrust belt (Central Chile): structure and long-term shortening rate
West-verging thrusts, synthetic with the Nazca - South America subduction interface, have been recently discovered at the western front of the Andes. At ~33°30’S, the active San R…
Paleomagnetic Biases Inferred from Numerical Dynamos and the Search for Geodynamo Evolution
The orientation and intensity of the paleomagnetic field is central to our understanding of the history of the Earth. The paleomagnetic signature of the singular most event, inne…
Could machine learning break the convection parametrization deadlock?
Modeling and representing moist convection in coarse-scale climate models remains one of the main bottlenecks of current climate simulations. Many of the biases present with param…
The Extraordinary Mediocrity of the Holocene
The extinction of multiple genera of large-bodied mammals during the Holocene interglacial transition has been attributed to three hypothesized causes: human migration, climate ch…
A potential link between waterfall recession rate and bedrock channel concavity
The incision of bedrock channels is typically modeled through the stream power or the shear stress applied on the channel bed. However, this approach is not valid for quasi-vert…
Slow-slip events in semi-brittle serpentinite fault zones
Slow-slip events are earthquake-like events only with much lower slip rates. While peak coseismic velocities can reach tens of meters per second, slow-slip is on the order of 1E-7…
Reporting negative results to stimulate experimental hydrology
Experimental work in hydrology is in decline. Based on a community survey, Blume et al. showed that the hydrological community associates experimental work with greater risks. One…
Investigation of variable aeration of monodisperse mixtures: implications for Pyroclastic Density Currents
The high mobility of dense pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) is commonly attributed to high gas pore pressures. However, the influence of spatial and temporal variations in pore…
Monoclinal flexure of an orogenic plateau margin during subduction, south Turkey
Geologic evidence across orogenic plateau margins enables the discrimination of the relative contributions of orogenic, epeirogenic and/or climatic processes that lead to growth a…
The effect of wind stress anomalies and location in driving Pacific Subtropical cells and tropical climate
The importance of subtropical and extratropical zonal wind stress on Pacific Subtropical Cells (STCs) strength is assessed through several idealized numerical experiments performe…
Resolving the era of river-forming climates on Mars using stratigraphic logs of river-deposit dimensions
River deposits are one of the main lines of evidence that tell us that Mars once had a climate different from today, and so changes in river deposits with time tell us something a…
Disagreement among global cloud distributions from CALIOP, passive satellite sensors and general circulation models
Cloud detection is the first step of any complex satellite-based cloud retrieval. No instrument detects all clouds, and analyses that use a given satellite climatology can only di…
Mechanical models to estimate the paleostress state from igneous intrusions
Dikes and sills represent an important component of the deformation history in volcanic systems, but unlike dikes, sills are typically omitted from traditional paleostress analyse…
Climatic influences on the offset between d18O of cave drip waters and precipitation inferred from global monitoring da…
We present a meta-analysis of data from 22 caves and 96 drip sites from 4 continents where both the cave drip water d18O and the weighted mean d18O of precipitation have been meas…
Uncertainty in sea level rise projections due to the dependence between contributors
Sea level rises at an accelerating pace threatening coastal communities all over the world. In this context sea level projections are key tools to help risk mitigation and adaptat…
Is fine sediment in sandy riverbed deposits a proxy for paleo-sediment supply?
The amount of silt and clay supplied to rivers can be a primary control on the form and dynamics of channel networks, and it affects the distribution and interconnectedness of bur…
Redefining ‘Clean’ Sand By Integrating Field And Laboratory Data On Mixed Sand–Clay–EPS Rippled-Bed Transport
The shape and size of sedimentary bedforms play a key role in the reconstruction of sedimentary processes in modern and ancient environments. Recent laboratory experiments have sh…
Revisiting the crustal structure and kinematics of the Central Andes at 33.5°S : implications for the mechanics of And…
The Andean belt is the only present-day active case example of a subduction-type orogeny. However, an existing controversy opposes classical views of Andean growth as an east-verg…
Radiative feedbacks from stochastic variability in surface temperature and radiative imbalance
Estimates of radiative feedbacks obtained by regressing fluctuations in top-of-atmosphere (TOA) energy imbalance and surface temperature depend critically on assumptions about the…
A faithful record of channel mouth bifurcation angles in river delta stratigraphy on Earth and Mars
Which geomorphologic features of sedimentary systems persist into the stratigraphic record? In modern river deltas, channel mouth bifurcation angles have been shown to be consiste…
Tracking Groundwater Levels using the Ambient Seismic Field
Aquifers are vital groundwater reservoirs for residential, agricultural, and industrial activities worldwide. Tracking their state with high temporal and spatial resolution is cri…
What caused Earths largest mass extinction event? New evidence from the Permian-Triassic boundary in northeastern Utah
The discovery of a Permian-Triassic boundary section in northeastern Utah reveals a detailed record of events that led to one of the greatest mass extinctions on the planet. From …
Probing earthquake dynamics through seismic radiated energy rate: illustration with the M7.8 2015 Nepal earthquake
Dynamic characterizations of earthquakes focus on whole-event representations, that is whether the total radiation of seismic waves is more or less energetic. Denolle et al (2015)…
Bootstrapped high quantile estimation --- An experiment with scarce precipitation data
This paper details team SUTD’s effort when participating in the “Prediction of extremal precipitation” challenge. We propose a framework that combines the generalized Pareto distr…
Structure and kinematics of the Sumatran Fault System in North Sumatra (Indonesia)
Lithospheric-scale faults related to oblique subduction are responsible for some of the most hazardous earthquakes reported worldwide. The mega-thrust in the Sunda sector of the S…
Groundwater controls on post-fire permafrost thaw: Water and energy balance effects
Fire frequency and severity are increasing in high latitude regions, but the degree to which groundwater flow impacts the response of permafrost to fire remains poorly understood.…
The new CLOCIT irradiation facility for 40Ar/39Ar geochronology: Characterization, comparison with CLICIT, and implicat…
The Cadmium-Lined Outer-Core Irradiation Tube (CLOCIT) is a new irradiation facility for 40Ar/39Ar geochronology at the Oregon State University TRIGA® reactor. We report fluence p…
Empirical relationship between river slope and the elongation of bars in braided rivers: a potential tool for paleoslop…
Paleoslope of ancient river systems is a fundamental parameter needed to reconstruct paleohydrology and paleoclimate from the fluvial sedimentary record. The shape of braid bars i…
The impact of supercritical fluids on volcanic eruptions: Linking volatile exsolution and the state change in Deccan vo…
This research outlines a sequence of events that may help explain the observed state change in Deccan volcanism about 66 million years ago. Two mantle plumes may have created a re…
Active deformation of Malawi Rift’s North Basin hinge zone modulated by reactivation of pre-existing Precambrian shear …
Key Points: 1. Filtered aeromagnetic data elucidates the relationship between earthquake surface ruptures and buried faults along the North Basin hinge-zone, Malawi Rift. 2. Fault…
Fracture patterns associated with the evolution of the Teton anticline, Sawtooth Range, Montana, USA
The Teton anticline and adjacent structures at the deformation front of the Sawtooth Range fold-thrust belt in Montana are fractured in such a way that some have used these as a m…
On the reduction of trend errors by the ANOVA joint correction scheme used in homogenization of climate station records
Inhomogeneities in climate data are the main source of uncertainty for secular warming estimates. To reduce the influence of inhomogeneities in station data statistical homogeniza…
Aggradational lobe fringes: the influence of subtle intrabasinal seabed topography on sediment gravity flow processes a…
Seabed topography is ubiquitous across basin-floor environments, and influences sediment gravity flows and sediment dispersal patterns. The impact of steep (several degrees) confi…
Multi-scale modeling of the urban meteorology: integration of a new canopy model in the WRF model
Urban parametrizations have been recently proposed and integrated in mesoscale meteorological models for a better reproduction of urban heat islands and to compute building energy…
Global assessment and mapping of changes in mesoscale landscapes: 1992–2015
Monitoring global land cover changes is important because of concerns about their impact on environment and climate. The release by the European Space Agency (ESA) of a set of wor…
Towards machine ecoregionalization of Earth’s landmass using pattern segmentation method
We present and evaluate a quantitative method for delineation of ecophysigraphic regions throughout the entire terrestrial landmass. The method uses the new pattern-based segmenta…
Global inventory of landscape patterns and latent variables of landscape spatial configuration
We present a regionalization of the entire Earth’s landmass into land units of homogeneous landscape patterns. The input to the regionalization is a high resolution Global Land Co…
Outcrop-scale tomography: insights into the 3D structure of multiphase boudins
We analyze the 3D geomorphology of a boudinaged amphibolite layer encased in marble using meter-scale tomography by serial sectioning, high resolution imaging and 3D reconstructio…
What is users next best alternative to the use of dynamical seasonal predictions?
The recent development of climate predictions has shown their potential in providing users with information that could be used to inform decision on a seasonal time-horizon. This …
Application of discrete-element methods to approximate sea-ice dynamics
Lagrangian models of sea-ice dynamics have several advantages over Eulerian continuum models. Spatial discretization on the ice-floe scale are natural for Lagrangian models and of…
Erosion-initiated stromatolite formation in a recent hypersaline sabkha setting (Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates)
Laminated microbial mats and microbialites are documented from a variety of coastal marine environments. These features form through: a) the combination of trapping and binding of…
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