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Showing 5601 to 5650 of 59105 works
Biological Impacts of Physics through Idealized Tracers: Changes in the seasonal cycle of vertical exchange from early …
In this study we introduce a pair of idealized tracers to quantify how changes in physical advection and mixing under climate change affect the nutrient supply, new production, an…
Timing Earth’s Abiotic Kitchen: Short Hydrothermal Fluid Residence Times in Serpentinizing Oceanic Crust
Hydrothermal alteration of ultramafic rock (serpentinization) creates extremely reducing (H2-rich) fluids in the oceanic crust, resulting in strong thermodynamic drives to reduce …
The Mass Change Designated Observable Study: Overview and Results
The 2017-2027 United States National Academy of Sciences Decadal Survey (DS) for Earth Science and Applications from Space identified Mass Change (MC) as one of five Designated Ob…
Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Properties of Water-Saturated Clay as a Function of Dry Density and Temperature
Bentonite is a fine-grained geologic material consisting mainly of montmorillonite clay. It presents a low permeability, a high swelling pressure, and a strong capacity to retain …
Combining LSTM statistical analysis with dynamical models to investigate Typhoon Mangkhut (2018)
This study develops a long short-term memory mode (LSTM) neural network algorithm for the prediction of tropical cyclone intensity (maximum wind speed). This is achieved by combin…
Interplate slip rate variation between closely spaced earthquakes in southern Mexico: The 2012 Ometepec and 2018 Pinote…
On 20 March 2012, a Mw 7.5 thrust earthquake started a series of large events up to magnitude Mw 8.2 (2017) that struck central Mexico during a period of nine years. Before this e…
Essence of Water
A short poem to imagine the “essence” of water as it circulates through the Earth universe, synergistically supporting all environments and living ecosystems, forming, and shaping…
Relic Groundwater and Mega Drought Confound Interpretations of Water Sustainability and Lithium Extraction in Arid Lands
Demand for lithium for batteries is growing rapidly with the global push to decarbonize energy systems. The Salar de Atacama, Chile holds ~42% of the planet’s reserves in the form…
Combined effects of stream hydrology and land use on basin-scale hyporheic zone denitrification in the Columbia River B…
Denitrification in the hyporheic zone (HZ) of river corridors is crucial to removing excess nitrogen in rivers from anthropogenic activities. However, previous modeling studies of…
GC31B-06 Exploring the Role of Essential Water Variables (EWVs) in Monitoring Indicators for the Sustainable Developmen…
Earth Observations (EO) systems aim to monitor nearly all aspects of the global Earth environment. Observations of Essential Water Variables (EWVs) together with advanced data ass…
A paradigm shift: North China Craton’s North Margin Orogen is the collisional suture with the Columbia Supercontinent
In a new study, Wu et al. (this issue) present a comprehensive study of the North Margin Orogen of the North China Craton, showing that older accreted rocks in this belt preserve …
Including filter-feeding gelatinous macrozooplankton in a global marine biogeochemical model: model-data comparison and…
Filter-feeding gelatinous macrozooplankton (FFGM), namely salps, pyrosomes and doliolids, are increasingly recognized as an essential component of the marine ecosystem. Unlike cru…
Age-Independent Oceanic Plate Thickness and Asthenosphere Melting from SS Precursor Imaging
The Earth’s asthenosphere is a mechanically weak layer characterized by low seismic velocity and high attenuation. The nature of this layer has been strongly debated. In this stud…
Water Deficit Index (WDI) Mapping of Wheat Crop for Water Stress Detection Using UAV-based Remote Sensing
Water stress mapping in crops and its spatial disparity study at field scale is important for precise management of irrigation. Results obtained from conventional airborne practic…
Prediction of Geomagnetic Auroral Electrojet Indices with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Recurrent Neural Network
Space weather phenomena occur from the Sun to the Earth with damaging impacts on ground-based and space-borne technological infrastructure. The geomagnetic auroral electrojet indi…
Proton Plasma Asymmetries between Venus' Quasi-Perpendicular and Quasi-Parallel Magnetosheaths
Proton plasma asymmetries between the hemispheres of Venus’ dayside magnetosheath lying downstream of the quasi-perpendicular ($q_\perp$) and quasi-parallel ($q_\parallel$) sides …
Fast Gaussian Process Emulation of Mars Global Climate Model
The NASA Ames Mars Global Climate Model (MGCM) software has been in steady use at NASA for decades and was recently released to the public. This model simulates the complex intera…
Observed dawn and twilight pressure fluctuation in the global Martian surface and possible relationships with atmospher…
Insight and other observations of the Martian surface at different locations have recorded the diurnal variation in surface pressure (Ps) with two rapid fluctuations that occur at…
Moho complexity in southern California revealed by local PmP and teleseismic Ps waves
The Moho discontinuity plays an important role in crustal growth and evolution. In this study, we delineate the Moho geometry in southern California by jointly using local Moho-re…
Fire-Pollutant-Atmosphere Components and Its Impact on Mortality in Portugal During Wildfire Seasons
Wildfires expose populations to increased morbidity and mortality due to increased air pollutant concentrations. Data included burned area, particulate matter (PM 10 , PM 2.5 ), c…
The Role of Midlatitude Cyclones in the Emission, Transport, Production, and Removal of Aerosols in the Northern Hemisp…
We examine the distribution of aerosol optical depth (AOD) across 27,707 northern hemisphere (NH) midlatitude cyclones for 2005-2018 using retrievals from the Moderate Resolution …
On the measurement of Sdiff splitting caused by lowermost mantle anisotropy
Seismic anisotropy has been detected at many depths of the Earth, including its upper layers, the lowermost mantle, and the inner core. While upper mantle seismic anisotropy is re…
Meteorological Drivers of North American Monsoon Extreme Precipitation Events
In this paper the meteorological drivers of North American Monsoon (NAM) extreme precipitation events (EPEs) are identified and analyzed. First, the NAM area and its subregions ar…
Diversifying models for analysing global change scenarios and sustainability pathways
The future uncertainty and complexity of alternative socioeconomic and climatic scenarios challenge the model-based analysis of sustainable development. Obtaining robust insights …
Limited earthquake interaction during a geothermal hydraulic stimulation in Helsinki, Finland
We investigate induced seismicity associated with a hydraulic stimulation campaign performed in 2020 in the 5.8 km deep geothermal OTN-2 well near Helsinki, Finland as part of the…
Validation of GGMplus and CHGeo2004 Using Observed Deflection of the Vertical Data from QDaedalus and CODIAC Systems in…
State-of-the-art astrogeodetic measurement systems—Digital Zenith Camera Systems (DZCSs) and the tachymeter-based QDaedalus systems—are currently used to obtain astrogeodetic defl…
Relative Permeability Variation Depending on Viscosity Ratio and Capillary Number
The relative roles of parameters governing relative permeability, a crucial property for two-phase fluid flows, are incompletely known. To characterize the influence of viscosity …
Revisiting the 1959 Hebgen Lake earthquake using optical image correlation; new constraints on near-field 3D ground dis…
Surface displacement data from earthquakes are essential for characterizing the fault slip distribution with depth. The Hebgen Lake earthquake was a large normal event with a geom…
A characterization of clouds and precipitation over the Southern Ocean from synoptic to micro scales during the CAPRICO…
The persistent Southern Ocean (SO) shortwave radiation biases in climate models and reanalyses have been associated with the poor representation of clouds, precipitation, aerosols…
Scenario-based Modelling of Waves Generated by Sublacustrine Explosive Eruptions at Lake Taupō, New Zealand
Volcanogenic tsunami and wave hazard remains less understood than that of other tsunami sources. Volcanoes can generate waves in a multitude of ways, including subaqueous explosio…
Transient Response and Adjustment Timescales of Channel Width and Angle of Valley-Side Slopes to Accelerated Incision
Studying bedrock rivers during their transient states helps understand the response of a fluvial system to changed boundary conditions. Although studies show how river form adjust…
A Flexible Multi-Scale Framework to Simulate Lakes and Reservoirs in Earth System Models
Lakes and reservoirs are an important part of the terrestrial water cycle. However, relatively little attention has been given to lake and reservoir water balance modelling, their…
Anatomy of the tsunami and Lamb waves-induced ionospheric signatures generated by the 2022 Hunga Tonga volcanic eruption
As tsunamis propagate across open oceans, they remain largely unseen due to the lack of adequate sensors, hence limiting the scope of existing tsunami warnings. A potential altern…
Subsurface Structures Around the Subducting Seamount Illuminated by Local Earthquakes at the Off-Ibaraki Region, Southe…
The off-Ibaraki region is a convergent margin at which a seamount subducts. An intensive event location was performed around the subducting seamount to reveal the regional seismot…
When and why the Neo-Tethyan subduction initiated along the Eurasian margin: a case study from a Jurassic eclogite in s…
Tethyan evolution is characterized by cyclical continent-transfer from Gondwana to the continents in the Northern Hemisphere, similar to a “one-way” train. Subduction has been vie…
Inferring Advective Timescales and Overturning Pathways of the Deep Western Boundary Current in the North Atlantic thro…
The Subpolar North Atlantic plays a critical role in the formation of the deep water masses which drive Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). Labrador Sea Water (LSW…
The Intrinsic 150-day Periodicity of the Southern Hemisphere Extratropical Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulation
The variability of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) extratropical large-scale circulation is dominated by the Southern Annular Mode (SAM), whose timescale is extensively used as a key…
The Horizontal Resolution Sensitivity of the Simple Convection-Permitting E3SM Atmosphere Model in a Doubly-Periodic Co…
We develop a doubly periodic version of the Simple Convection-Permitting E3SM Atmosphere Model (SCREAM) to provide an “efficient” configuration for this global storm resolving mod…
Comparing the Dynamics of Free Subduction in Cartesian and Spherical Domains
The effects of sphericity are regularly neglected in numerical and laboratory studies that examine the factors controlling subduction dynamics. Most existing studies have been exe…
Boundary Conditions for the Parametric Kalman Filter forecast
This paper is a contribution to the exploration of the parametric Kalman filter (PKF), which is an approximation of the Kalman filter, where the error covariance are approximated …
A comparative study on heterogeneity of clay rocks using pore-scale diffusion simulations and experiments
Accurate modeling and simulation of radionuclide migration in clay rocks such as the Opalinus Clay play a key role in the safety assessment of deep geological repositories for nuc…
Inception of Regular Valley Spacing in FluvialLandscapes: A Linear Stability Analysis
Incipient channelization in mountainous landscapes is often associated with the presence of first-order valleys at a regular wavelength under diverse hydroclimatic forcings. Here …
Hydrogeomorphology of asymmetric meandering channels: experiments and field evidence
Meandering channels display complex planform configurations with upstream- and downstream- skewed bends. Bend orientation is linked to near-field hydrodynamics, bed morphodynamic …
The Mastcam-Z Radiometric Calibration Targets on NASA’s Perseverance Rover: Derived Irradiance Time-Series, Dust Deposi…
The Mastcam-Z radiometric calibration targets mounted on the NASA’s Perseverance rover proved to be effective in the calibration of Mastcam-Z images to reflectance (I/F) over the …
Online model error correction with neural networks in the incremental 4D-Var framework
Recent studies have demonstrated that it is possible to combine machine learning with data assimilation to reconstruct the dynamics of a physical model partially and imperfectly o…
Different types of corona discharges associated with high-altitude positive Narrow Bipolar Events nearby cloud top
Single- and multi-pulse blue corona discharges are frequently observed in thunderstorm clouds. Although we know they often correlate with Narrow Bipolar Events (NBEs) in Very Low …
Climate change impacts on Robusta coffee production over Vietnam
The Central Highlands of Vietnam is the biggest Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre ex A.Froehner) growing region in the world. This study aims to identify the most important …
Modelling seismic recordings of high-frequency guided infrasound on Mars
NASA’s InSight mission records several high-frequency (>0.5 Hz) dispersive seismic signals. These signals are due to the acoustic-to-seismic coupling, where the infrasound is gene…
The influences of the multi-scale sea surface temperature anomalies in the North Pacific on the jet stream in winter: A…
Using Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) data and numerical simulations, the impacts of the multi-scale sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the North Pacific on the …
Ensemble Storm Surge Modelling of the Goro Lagoon (Adriatic Sea, Northern Italy)
We developed a storm surge Ensemble Prediction System (EPS) for the Goro lagoon (GOLFEM-EPS) in the Northern Adriatic Sea. The lagoon is threatened every year by storm surge event…
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