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Showing 5551 to 5600 of 59105 works
On the Control of Soil Heterogeneity, Peclet number and Spatially Variable Diffusion over Unsaturated Transport
Physical properties of soils are ubiquitously heterogeneous. This spatial variability has a profound, yet still partially understood, impact on conservative transport. Moreover, m…
North Atlantic temperature change across the Eocene-Oligocene Transition
The Eocene–Oligocene transition (~34 Ma), is marked by the rapid development of a semi-permanent Antarctic ice-sheet, as indicated by ice-rafted debris. Proxy reconstructions indi…
Characteristics of red bed bleaching by hydrocarbon migration: A natural example from the Entrada sandstone, southern U…
Extensive regions of yellow and white (‘bleached’) sandstones within the terrestrial Jurassic red bed deposits of the Colorado Plateau reflect widespread interaction with subsurfa…
State-dependent effects of natural forcing on global and local climate variability
Natural forcing from solar and volcanic activity contributes significantly to climate variability. The post-eruption cooling of strong volcanic eruptions was hypothesized to have …
Millennial-scale climate oscillations triggered by deglacial meltwater discharge in last glacial maximum simulations
Our limited understanding of millennial-scale variability in the context of the last glacial period can be explained by the lack of a reliable modelling framework to study abrupt …
Dry Deposition Methods Based on Turbulence Kinetic Energy: Part 1. Evaluation of Various Resistances and Sensitivity St…
Different functions are used to account for turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer for different stability regimes. These functions are one of the sources for differences am…
The Effects of Climate Change on Flood-Generating Mechanisms in the Assiniboine and Red River Basins
Flood events are influenced by terrestrial factors including land cover, land and water management, watershed physiographic features, and hydro-climatic components including snowm…
Water Level Modulation of Wave Transformation, Setup and Runup over La Saline Fringing Reef
Coral reefs represent an efficient natural mechanical coastal defense against ocean waves. The focus of this study is the La Saline coral reef, located in the West of La Reunion I…
Field-based Single Plant Phenotyping for Plant Breeding
High-throughput phenotyping (HTP) has the potential to revolutionize plant breeding by providing scientists with exponentially more data than was available through traditional obs…
On the effect of historical SST patterns on radiative feedback
We investigate the dependence of radiative feedback on the pattern of sea-surface temperature (SST) change in fourteen Atmospheric General Circulation Models (AGCMs) forced with o…
Model simulations of the climate impacts of volcanic eruptions in a future warming scenario
Episodic volcanic eruptions are often either not considered in future climate projections, or represented in terms of a constant volcanic forcing. This conventional representation…
Development of a rationalized hydrometeorological network for an urban catchment under resource-constrained scenario
An accurate assessment of hydrometeorological variables/ observations over an urban area is crucial to policy-makers and civic bodies to address an extensive range of water resour…
Cloud and Precipitation Particle Identification Using Cloud Radar and Lidar Measurements: Retrieval Technique and Valid…
This paper describes a technique for identifying hydrometeor particle types using airborne HIAPER Cloud Radar (HCR) and High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) observations. HCR ope…
Abnormal volume transport in the Banda Sea: a causal analysis by box model
As one of the deepest basins over the Indonesian Seas, the Banda Sea is strongly involved in the thermohaline circulation component of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF). Here, a sh…
Quantification of physical soil crust thickness and its effects on runoff and sediment yield
Physical soil crusts will form on most soils during and after rainfall and it has important effects on the runoff and sediment on slopes. However, objective and effective methods …
Magnetic Field Annihilation in a Magnetotail Electron Diffusion Region with Electron-scale Magnetic Island
We present observations in Earth’s magnetotail by the Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft that are consistent with magnetic field annihilation, rather than magnetic topology chan…
Spectral diversity of rocks and soils in Mastcam observations along the Curiosity rover's traverse in Gale crater, Mars
The Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Curiosity rover has explored over 400 meters of vertical stratigraphy within Gale crater to date. These fluvio-deltaic, lacustrine, and aeolian s…
Two different properties of ionospheric perturbations detected in the vicinity of the Korean Peninsula after the Hunga-…
This study reports two different properties of ionospheric perturbations detected to the west and south of the Korean Peninsula after the Hunga-Tonga volcanic eruption on 15 Janua…
This Looks Like That There: Interpretable neural networks for image tasks when location matters
We develop and demonstrate a new interpretable deep learning model specifically designed for image analysis in earth system science applications. The neural network is designed to…
Benefits of stochastic weight averaging in developing neural network radiation scheme for numerical weather prediction
Stochastic weight averaging (SWA) was applied to improve the radiation emulator based on a sequential neural network (SNN) in a numerical weather prediction model over Korea. Whil…
Word segmentation of Chinese texts in the geoscience domain using the BERT model
Unlike English, in Chinese texts there is no natural separator-like space between words, which makes Chinese word segmentation a difficult information processing problem. At prese…
Historical changes in the phytoplankton community in Fuxian and Dianchi lakes recorded based on alkyl diols and sterol …
We investigated historical changes in temperature and phytoplankton in Fuxian Lake (FX) and Dianchi Lake(DC), two plateau lakes in Southwest China. We detected sterols and alkyl d…
Suspended Clay Inhibits the Growth of Harmful Algal Bloom-forming Freshwater Cyanobacteria Through Physical Interactions
Many theories exist to predict the growth of Microcystis, one major type of toxic cyanobacteria that form harmful algal blooms. However, the impacts of suspended particles, which …
Discrete Element Modeling of a fault reveals that viscous rolling relaxation controls friction weakening
In this paper, the effect of the rolling and damping values on the macro friction coefficient have been investigated. The introduction of the viscous rolling relaxation induces a …
Strata structure interpretation and mud volcanism activity analysis at the Zhurong landing site
China’s first Mars Exploration Mission Tianwen-1 achieved full success. The loaded Zhurong Rover landed south of the Utopia Planita. The Tianwen-1 orbiter also sending back high-r…
PlanetProfile: Self-consistent interior structure modeling for terrestrial bodies in Python
The open-source PlanetProfile framework was developed to investigate the interior structure of icy moons based on self-consistency and comparative planetology. The software, origi…
Heterogeneity of Subsurface Pore Distribution: Characterization based on Pressure and Tracer Responses to Identify Undi…
Pressure transient and tracer testing are conventional methods employed to investigate physical properties associated with fluid flow and/or storage in subsurface reservoirs or aq…
A Survey on Gravity Waves in the Brazilian Sector Based on Radiosonde Measurements from 32 Aerodromes
In this paper, we applied a variety of statistical methods to study gravity waves in the troposphere and lower stratosphere in the Brazilian sector, using an unprecedented large d…
Crust and Upper Mantle Structure Beneath the Eastern United States
The Eastern United States has a complex geological history and hosts several seismic active regions. We investigate the subsurface structure beneath the broader eastern United Sta…
Coseismic rupture model and tectonic implications of January 7, 2022, Menyuan Mw 6.6 earthquake constraints from InSAR …
A Mw 6.6 earthquake struck Menyuan, Qinghai, China, on January 7, 2022. To determine the rupture parameters and the seismogenic environment, we resolve the optimal rupture paramet…
Physics-Based Earthquake Simulations of the Anninghe-Zemuhe-Daliangshan-Xiaojiang Fault system in the Southwestern China
Seismic hazard evaluation is important for urban construction, earthquake disaster prevention and mitigation. However, because of the long recurrence times of large earthquakes (h…
Application of UAV in Estimation of Crop Coefficient (K c ) using Field and Remote Sensing Data
Evaluation of spatially distributed crop coefficient (K c ) for estimating evapotranspiration (ET c ) based on remotely sensed imagery has become an essential topic in managing th…
Obolodiplosis robiniae Will Infect All Black Locust In Eurasia Under Climate Change
Obolodiplosis robiniae was discovered in Eurasia at the beginning of the 21st century and was then spread at an explosive rate. Here, we explore the current and future (in years 2…
Evaluation of Groundwater Movement in Discontinuous Permafrost Regions by Stable Isotopes
Groundwater flow in discontinuous permafrost is complex and often unpredictable. Frozen-soil obstructs flow causing groundwater to re-route through thawed zones comprised of hydra…
Correlation between ridge subduction and a fluid reservoir in the Hyuganada accretionary prism: insights from a passive…
Subducted reliefs, such as seamounts and ridges, affect fluid processes in accretionary prisms of subduction zones. The Kyushu–Palau Ridge subducts along with the Philippine Sea P…
A novel proxy for tracking the provenance of dust based on paired E1'-peroxy paramagnetic defect centres in fine-graine…
Crystal lattice defects in quartz have long been exploited for age determination, yet also show potential for sediment provenance studies. Here we introduce a novel method for tra…
Why is the Pacific Meridional Mode Most Pronounced in Boreal Spring?
The Pacific Meridional Mode (PMM) exhibits a marked seasonal variability, with the strongest (weakest) variance in northern spring (fall). Such a phase locking feature is investig…
Hydroeconomic asymmetries and common-pool overdraft in transboundary aquifers
The common-pool nature of groundwater resources creates incentives to overpump that contribute to their rapid global depletion. In transboundary aquifers, users are separated by a…
Using near-term forecasts and uncertainty partitioning to improve predictions of low- frequency cyanobacterial events
Near-term ecological forecasts provide resource managers advance notice of changes in ecosystem services, such as fisheries stocks, timber yields, or water and air quality. Import…
Relative Entropy-Based Global Sensitivity Analysis in a Complex 1D-2D Coupled Hydrodynamic Flood Modeling System
Hydrodynamic flood modeling is computationally complex and data-intensive. The accuracy of the flood model outputs is extremely sensitive towards the quality of input parameters. …
Effect of the non-dipole field on the seasonal variation of the geomagnetic Sq(Y)
Different timescales of the daily amplitude of the geomagnetic Y component during quiet period (Sq(Y)) over several solar cycles at 25 mid-low latitudes observatories were analyze…
The 2D extended strike-slip fault segment model with both locking and creeping
Based on the classic 2D strike-slip fault model by Savage & Burford (1973), we propose the 2D extended strike-slip fault segment model with both locking and creeping in the inters…
A Place-Based Approach to Drought Forecasting in South-Central Oklahoma
To assist water managers in south-central Oklahoma prepare for future drought, reliable place-based drought forecasts are produced. Past, present, and future-forecasted climate in…
Near-term phytoplankton forecasts reveal the effects of model time step and forecast horizon on predictability
As climate and land use increase the variability of many ecosystems, forecasts of ecological variables are needed to inform management and use of ecosystem services. In particular…
Updated spherical harmonic moments of Ganymede from the Juno flyby
In this study, we use data from the Juno and Galileo spacecraft to analyze the internal magnetic dynamo of Ganymede. As the only known moon with a strong internal magnetic field, …
Clumped-isotope constraint on upper-tropospheric cooling during the Last Glacial Maximum
Ice cores and other paleotemperature proxies, together with general circulation models, have provided information on past surface temperatures and the atmosphere’s composition in …
Winter Weakening of Titan's Stratospheric Polar Vortices 1
Polar vortices are a prominent feature in Titan's stratosphere. The Cassini mission has provided a detailed view of the breakdown of the northern polar vortex and formation of the…
Gravity Wave Morphology During the 2018 Sudden Stratospheric Warming Simulated by a Whole Neutral Atmosphere General Ci…
Atmospheric gravity waves (GWs) during the February 2018 sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) were simulated using the T639L340 whole neutral atmosphere general circulation model. T…
Responses of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to rice--upland crop rotations in an 8-year paddy ecosystem
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which can form symbiotic associations with many terrestrial plants, are critical for crop yields and agroecosystem sustainability. In this stud…
Caught between extremes: Understanding human-water interactions during drought-to-flood events in the Horn of Africa
Disaster risks are the results of complex spatiotemporal interactions between risk components, impacts and societal response. The complexities of these interactions increase when …
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