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Showing 5401 to 5450 of 59105 works
Land-based TEM Data Processing: from Turn-off Ramp to Full Waveform
Data-processing methods only considering the turn-off ramp in transmitting waveforms are well established for land-based transient electromagnetic (TEM) methods. The turn-on ramp …
Polynomial reconstruction of the magnetic field observed by multiple spacecraft with integrated velocity determination
Recently a polynomial reconstruction technique has been developed for reconstructing the magnetic field in the vicinity of multiple spacecraft, and has been applied to events obse…
The first instrumentally resolved complex seismic faulting near Bogotá - the 2019 Mesetas Mw 6.0 earthquake sequence
The Northern Andes boundary is a first-order tectonic structure in Colombia with historically M>7 earthquakes. However, details about the individual sections of the system remain …
Collision of collisionless shocks – Part I: Hybrid PIC simulation \& acceleration of the interplanetary shock in th…
A few MHD simulations have been performed to study the interaction between a propagating interplanetary shock and Earth's standing bow shock, followed by the magnetosheath and mag…
Role of poroelasticity during the early postseismic deformation of the 2010 Maule megathrust earthquake
Megathrust earthquakes impose changes of differential stress and pore pressure in the lithosphere-asthenosphere system that are transiently relaxed during the postseismic period p…
Quantifying complex microstructures of earth materials: Reconstructing higher-order spatial correlations using deep gen…
Key to most subsurface processes is to determine how structural and topological features at small length scales, i.e., the microstructure, control the effective and macroscopic pr…
Passing the Alfven Layer by Means of Chorus Acceleration
Sustained periods of southward interplanetary magnetic field can result in strong magnetospheric convection, during which, the Alfven layer, separating regions of sunward convecti…
EARTH'S ROLE AS A GENERATOR OF ELECTRICITY
I shall define the magnetic field and the equivalence between a body's mass and its electric charge. On this basis, the mass of the Earth's core shall be theoretically calculated,…
Nuclear and Coal Power Generation Phaseouts Redistribute U.S. Air Quality and Climate Related Mortality Risk
Nuclear and coal power use in the United States are projected to decline over the coming decades. Here, we explore how simultaneous phase-outs of these energy sources could affect…
East-west variabilities of N2 fixation activity in the subtropical North Pacific Ocean in summer: the field evidence of…
Biological dinitrogen (N 2 ) fixation is an important new nitrogen source in oligotrophic subtropical oceans. In numerical model studies, the east-west gradient of iron deposition…
Missing rainfall extremes in CML data due to total loss of signal
An important aspect of rainfall estimation is to accurately capture extreme events. Commercial microwave links (CMLs) can complement weather radar and rain gauge data by estimatin…
Marginal detachment zones: the fracture factories of ice shelves?
Along the lateral margins of floating ice shelves in Greenland and Antarctica, ice flow past confining margins and pinning points is often accompanied by extensive rifting. Rifts …
pyVISCOUS: An open-source tool for computationally frugal global sensitivity analysis
Sensitivity analysis is used to increase our understanding of the evaluated model and ease model parameter estimation. VISCOUS (VarIance-based Sensitivity analysis using COpUlaS) …
Impact of Different Land Use Management on Soil Enzyme Activities in Missouri River Floodplains
Land management activities that provide higher soil organic carbon stimulate microbial activity and enzymatic reactions. Riparian forest, agroforestry, and row-crop agriculture tr…
Nonlinear Wave Growth of Whistler-mode Hiss Emissions in a Uniform Magnetic Field
We conduct electromagnetic particle simulations in a uniform magnetic environment to verify the nonlinear wave growth process of plasmaspheric hiss in the equatorial plasmasphere.…
Can we see the impact of indigenous fire management on the temporal shift in annual cycle of carbon monoxide?
Fire is an essential global phenomenon that existed soon after the appearance of terrestrial plants and is vital for the regeneration of the plant species. Human activities have c…
Analysis of features in a sliding threshold of observation for numeric evaluation (STONE) curve
We apply idealized scatter-plot distributions to the sliding threshold of observation for numeric evaluation (STONE) curve, a new model assessment metric, to examine the relations…
Total Least Squares Bias when Explanatory Variables are Correlated
Total Least Squares (TLS) or orthogonal regression is used to remedy attenuation bias in optimal fingerprinting regressions. Consistency properties in multivariate applications re…
Maritime Aerosol and CCN profiles derived from ship-based measurements over Eastern North Pacific during MAGIC 2
Atmospheric aerosols are widely recognized to give rise to a substantial radiative forcing to the climate by scattering and absorbing radiation and by modifying the microphysical,…
Characterization analysis of multi-source parameters from satellite and ground data in the 2022 Tonga Volcanic Eruption
The Tonga volcano erupted with a mass of energy released into the plate and atmosphere, causing the variations of the relevant geophysical parameters. Thus, we creatively apply th…
Water Vapor Flux-Profile Relationship in the Stable Boundary Layer over the Sea Surface
Comprehensive marine atmospheric turbulence observation data, meteorological sounding and sea surface conditions in the South China Sea were employed to analyze and parameterize t…
Repeating low frequency icequakes in the Mont-Blanc massif triggered by snowfalls
Deformation mechanisms of glaciers are highly sensitive to basal temperature; the motion of temperate glaciers is dominated by basal slip while cold-based glaciers deform mainly b…
Reconstruction of zonal precipitation from sparse historical observations using climate model information and statistic…
Future projected changes in precipitation substantially impact societies worldwide. However, large uncertainties remain due to sparse historical observational coverage, large inte…
A Numerical Model for the Interaction of Io-Generated Alfvén Waves with Jupiter’s Magnetosphere and Ionosphere
The interaction of Io with the co-rotating magnetosphere of Jupiter is known to produce Alfven wings that couple the moon to Jupiter's ionosphere. We present first results from a …
An Efficient Parameterization for Surface Shortwave 3D Radiative Effects in Large-Eddy Simulations of Shallow Cumulus C…
Most atmospheric models consider radiative transfer only in the vertical direction (1D), as 3D radiative transfer calculations are too costly. Thereby, horizontal transfer of radi…
Stratospheric climate anomalies and ozone loss caused by the Hunga Tonga volcanic eruption
The Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai (HTHH) volcanic eruption in January 2022 injected extreme amounts of water vapor (H2O) and a moderate amount of the aerosol precursor (SO2) into the …
Diverse surface signatures of stratospheric polar vortex anomalies
The Arctic stratospheric polar vortex is an important driver of winter weather and climate variability and predictability in North America and Eurasia, with a downward influence t…
Road erosion in dry and wet tropical settings of the Northeastern Caribbean
Unpaved roads are ubiquitous features of anthropogenic landscapes that facilitate the use and extraction of coveted resources. Until recently, unpaved roads had been overlooked as…
Comparisons of TWINS Observations with CIMI Calculations during ion injections on 29th June 2013
In a recent study by Shekhar et. al. 2021, a moderate geomagnetic storm (sym-H$\sim$-100 nT) during 28th-29th June 2013 was studied using CIMI (Comprehensive Inner Magnetosphere-I…
Effect of plankton composition shifts in the North Atlantic on atmospheric pCO2
Marine carbon cycle processes are important for taking up atmospheric CO2 thereby reducing climate change. Biological production is an important pathway of carbon from the surface…
Whistler waves associated with electron beams in magnetopause reconnection diffusion regions
Whistler waves are often observed in magnetopause reconnection associated with electron beams. We analyze seven MMS crossings surrounding the electron diffusion region (EDR) to st…
The roles of heat and gas in a mushy magma chamber
Crustal magmatic systems likely consist of magmatic reservoirs dominated by crystal mush. Recent studies suggest that the physical processes occurring in crystal mush could alter …
Tracking the Subsolar Bow Shock and Magnetopause
Global magnetohydrodynamic models predict that plasma velocities vary almost linearly from 0 km s -1 along the stagnation streamline leading from the nose of the stationary magnet…
Characteristic form and distance in high-level hierarchical structure of self-aggregated clouds in radiative-convective…
The nature of convective organization remains elusive, despite its importance for understanding the role of clouds in climate systems. This study reports a new type of large-scale…
Assessment of Hybrid Infrastructure Systems under Multi-Flood Hazards in Coastal Georgia
Tropical coastal communities accommodate critical infrastructure, densely-populated urban regions, tourism-driven economies, and industrial facilities. These communities are prone…
Isotopic evidence that alkyl nitrates are important to aerosol nitrate formation in the Equatorial Pacific
Concentrations and the stable isotopic composition of bulk aerosol nitrate (NO 3 - ) were quantified from two fall GEOTRACES cruises: 1) Alaska–Tahiti (GP15; n=22) and 2) Peru–Tah…
An Examination of the Recent Stability of Ozonesonde Global Network Data
The recent Assessment of Standard Operating Procedures for OzoneSondes (ASOPOS 2.0; WMO/GAW Report #268) addressed questions of homogeneity and long-term stability in global elect…
Effects of increasing the category resolution of the sea ice thickness distribution in a coupled climate model on Arcti…
Many modern sea ice models used in global climate models represent the subgrid-scale heterogeneity in sea ice thickness with an ice thickness distribution (ITD), which improves mo…
Frequencies of multivariate air masses drive global tree growth
Surface meteorological conditions in the midlatitudes are embedded within and affected by synoptic-scale systems, including the movement and persistence of air masses (AMs). Chang…
Can mesoscale eddy kinetic energy sources and sinks be inferred from sea surface height in the Agulhas Current ?
Western boundaries (WB) have been suggested to be hotspots of mesoscale eddy decay, using an eddy kinetic energy (EKE) flux divergence based on sea surface height (η). The η-based…
Properties of the Nili Fossae Olivine-clay-carbonate lithology: orbital and in situ at Séítah
We examine the observed properties of the Nili Fossae olivine-clay-carbonate lithology from orbital data and in situ by the Mars 2020 rover at the Séítah unit in Jezero crater, in…
LNOx Emission Model for Air Quality & Climate Studies Using Satellite Lightning Mapper Observations
A lightning nitrogen oxides (LNOx) emissions model using satellite-observed lightning optical energy is introduced for utilization in Air Quality modeling systems. The effort supp…
Channel water storage anomaly: A new remotely sensed quantity for global river analysis
River channels store large volumes of water globally, critically impacting ecological and biogeochemical processes. Despite the importance of river channel storage, there is not y…
Depth-dependent crustal stress rotation and strength variation in the Charlevoix Seismic Zone (CSZ), Québec, Canada
Intraplate tectonic stress fields are complex due to the imprint of a long geological history. Here we use a new dataset of earthquake focal mechanism solutions and relocated even…
Relationships between intensity of deformation induced Cr-Al chemical zoning and geometrical properties of spinel: An a…
Chemical zoning of minerals, which is commonly caused by incomplete chemical reaction, is often utilized to study magma cooling processes, and metamorphic rock reaction paths. Cr-…
Ancient subcontinental ultra-depleted mantle-derived crust and its role in Phanerozoic magmatism of Central Asian Oroge…
Ultra-depleted mantle (UDM), characterized by Nd-Hf isotopically more depleted than mid-ocean ridge basalt, is ubiquitous beneath the oceanic crust, but no UDM has been reported u…
Basement topography and sediment thickness beneath Antarctica's Ross Ice Shelf
New geophysical data from Antarctica’s Ross Embayment reveal the structure and subglacial geology of extended continental crust beneath the Ross Ice Shelf. We use airborne magneti…
Analysis and impact of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Stratospheric Water Vapor Plume
On Jan. 15, 2022, the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai eruption injected SO2 and H2O into the middle stratosphere. The eruption produced a persistent mid-stratospheric sulfate aerosol la…
Combined carbon, hydrogen, and clumped isotope fractionations reveal differential reversibility of hydrogenotrophic met…
Stable isotope analysis has been widely used to aid the source identification of methane. However, the isotopic (13C/12C and D/H) and isotopologue (13CH3D and 12CH2D2) signatures …
GNSS radio occultation in-filling of the vast radiosonde data gap of the UTLS over Africa reveals global, regional and …
Over much of Africa, radiosonde data are lacking; consequently, the African UTLS is understudied, and potential proxies such as climate models and reanalyses fail to capture the b…
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