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Showing 5251 to 5300 of 59105 works

Late Miocene Exhumation of Eocene and Early Miocene metamorphic Rocks in Northern Tunisia: A widespread Western Mediter…

Cenozoic extension in the Western Mediterranean is related to the dynamics of back-arc domains. However, extension propagated into the external Foreland Thrust Belts (FTB) of the …

Circus tents, convective thresholds and the non-linear climate response to tropical SSTs

Using model simulations, we demonstrate that the response of top-of-atmosphere radiative fluxes to localized tropical sea surface temperature (SST) perturbations exhibits numerous…

Contrasting upper atmospheric response to cyclones in the north Indian Ocean during the pre-monsoon and the post-monsoo…

Cyclones in the north Indian Ocean evolve differently during the pre-monsoon (April-June) and post-monsoon (October-December) seasons. While several studies have investigated the …

The phase response of a rough rectangular facet for radar sounder simulations of both coherent and incoherent scattering

With radar sounders, coherent backscattering simulations from global planetary DEMs typically display a deficit in diffuse clutter, which is mainly due to the implicit assumption …

Jupyter Notebooks, the PmagPy Software Package and the Magnetics Information Consortium (MagIC) Database

Magnetics Information Consortium (MagIC), hosted at http://earthref.org/MagIC, is a database that serves as a Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable (FAIR) archive for pale…

Modeling Solar Eclipses at Extreme Ultra Violet Wavelengths and the Effects of Nonuniform Eclipse Shadow on the Ionosph…

The impacts of solar eclipses on the ionosphere-thermosphere system particularly the composition, density, and transport are studied using numerical simulation and subsequent mode…

Hourly and Daily PM2.5 Estimations using MERRA-2: A Machine Learning Approach

Health and environmental hazards related to high pollutant concentrations have become a serious issue from the perspectives of public policy and human health. The objective of thi…

Simulating Community Water Use Behavior And Potential Water Conservation Using Detailed End Use Event Data

We present a model of indoor residential water use that estimates water demand and conservation potential by end use for a target community by simulating indoor water end use even…

Characterizing the Crystallographic Orientation of Snow Crystals with Electron Backscatter Diffraction

Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) is an advanced materials characterization technique that has been used to determine the crystallographic orientation of glacial ice specime…

D region electron density derived from sprite observations

Four upward propagating streamers in 2 carrot sprites over northwest Texas were recorded at 100,000 frames per second at 07:46:35 UT, 2 June 2019, from the New Mexico Tech Langmui…

Self-similarity, density-size dynamics and the sinking speed of marine aggregates

• Poor estimates of the sinking speed of marine aggregates stem primarily high variance in aggregate excess density. • Self-similarity of aggregation facilitates efficiently model…

Strong cloud-circulation coupling explains weak trade cumulus feedback

Shallow cumulus clouds in the trade-wind regions cool the planet by reflecting solar radiation. The response of trade cumulus clouds to climate change is a major uncertainty in cl…

Library of simulated gamma-ray glows and application to previous airborne observations

Gamma-Ray Glows (GRGs) are high energy radiation originating from thunderclouds, in the MeV energy regime, with typical duration of seconds to minutes, and sources extended over s…

Energy difference between hodoscope sections in muon tomography: Application for nuclear waste barrels by means of GEAN…

The propagating muons deposit their energies in the volume-of-interest (VOI) within the tomographic configurations, and this energy loss directly indicates that there is a differe…

InSAR-derived horizontal velocities in a global reference frame

Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is used to measure deformation rates over whole continents to constrain tectonic processes. The resulting velocity measurements ar…

Fault Zone Imaging with Distributed Acoustic Sensing: Body-to-Surface Wave Scattering

Fault zone structures at many scales largely dictate earthquake ruptures and are controlled by the geologic setting and slip history. Characterizations of these structures at dive…

Budyko framework based analysis of the effect of climate change on watershed characteristics and their impact on discha…

In a context of climate change, the stakes surrounding water availability are getting higher. Decomposing and quantifying the effects of climate on discharge allows to better unde…

The mechanism of destabilization between two stably stratified magmas: insights from analogue experiments and 3D simula…

Fluid stratification is a common phenomena in magmatic systems. To address this, we conducted a series of analogue experiments and numerical simulations. We present three sets of …

Juno Plasma Wave Observations at Ganymede

The Juno Waves instrument measured plasma waves associated with Ganymede’s magnetosphere during its flyby on 7 June, day 158, 2021. Three distinct regions were identified includin…

Long-term Variation in Mesozooplankton Biomass Caused by Top-down Effects: A Case Study in the Coastal Sea of Japan

Mesozooplankton biomass plays a key parameter in the recruitment processes of fish and biogeochemical processes. Four decadal observations in the coastal Sea of Japan, the margina…

The splitting 660 km discontinuity associated with lithospheric delamination in the northern part of the North-South se…

The north-south seismic zone (NSSZ) is a destructive zone of large-scale earthquakes in China, and the earthquake mechanism associated with deep structures remains unclear. Previo…

Estimation of Extraterrestrial Intelligent Civilizations and Attributes per Exoplanetary Continuum through Algorithmic …

In the field of Astrobiology, a quantitative approach has not been made to predict the number of extraterrestrial intelligent civilizations that may have existed on a habitable ex…

Profiles of Operational and Research Forecasting of Smoke and Air Quality Around the World

Biomass burning has shaped many of the ecosystems of the planet and for millennia humans have used it as a tool to manage the environment. When widespread fires occur, the health …

Diffusion of Circumpolar Deep Water towards Antarctica

Warm, salty Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) is recognized as the primary driver for Antarctic glacial melt, but the mechanism by which it reaches the continental shelves remains high…

Interhemispheric Coupling Study by Observations and Modelling (ICSOM)

An international joint research project, entitled Interhemispheric Coupling Study by Observations and Modelling (ICSOM), is ongoing. In the late 2000s, an interesting form of inte…

Wintertime lake drainage cascade triggers large-scale ice flow response in Greenland

Surface melt forces summertime ice-flow accelerations on glaciers and ice sheets. Here, we show that large meltwater-forced accelerations also occur in winter in Greenland. We doc…

A Prediction model of relativistic electrons at geostationary orbit using the EMD-LSTM network and geomagnetic indices

In this study, the Empirical Mode Decomposition algorithm (EMD) and the Long Short Term Memory neural network (LSTM) were combined into an EMD-LSTM model, to predict the variation…

Spatio-temporal evolution of the Kolumbo Volcanic Chain and its link to the volcanic plumbing system of Santorini

The Christiana-Santorini-Kolumbo volcanic field in the southern Aegean Sea is one of the most hazardous volcanic regions in the world. Forming the northeastern part of this volcan…

Poor correlation between large-scale environmental flow violations and freshwater biodiversity: implications for water …

The freshwater ecosystems around the world are degrading, such that maintaining environmental flow (EF) in river networks is critical to their preservation. The relationship betwe…

Review of water quality models simulating in-stream nutrient dynamics

Many waterbodies around the world are adversely impacted by harmful algal blooms (HABs). One primary driver of these blooms is often high concentrations of anthropogenic phosphoru…

Climate mode impacts on the sea surface height anomaly in the Indian Ocean

We examine observational data to clarify impacts of three major climate modes on Sea Surface Height Anomaly (SSHA) of the Indian Ocean during 1993-2016: The El Niño and Southern O…

Study of the Air-Sea Momentum Flux of the Coastal Marine Boundary Layer During Typhoons

We analyzed the variations in the mean wind field, turbulence, and turbulent flux at the landfall sites of three typhoons using observational data obtained from an offshore monito…

Holistic and pragmatic standards processes enable interdisciplinary science

Open, interdisciplinary science inevitably relies heavily on standards. Standards are those often unseen agreements that we take for granted when systems and processes are working…

Self-supervised Classification of Weather Systems Based on Spatiotemporal Contrastive Learning

Classification of weather systems provides a simple description of atmospheric circulations and bridges the gap between large-scale atmospheric conditions and local-scale environm…

Changes in Widespread Aquifer Properties caused by a Magnitude 6 Class Earthquake evaluated using InSAR Analyses

The correlation between surface displacements and groundwater level changes has been widely used to understand aquifer properties and their site characteristics; however, the unde…

Machine Learning Approach for Predicting Flowering Time in Sorghum

Sorghum is an important cereal crop grown across the globe for its grain and biomass value. It can also efficiently use resources such as nitrogen, and multiple varieties that are…

Relating 27-Day Averages of Solar, Interplanetary MediumParameters, and Geomagnetic Activity Proxies in SolarCycle 24

We analyzed correlations between solar, interplanetary-medium parameters, and geomagnetic-activity proxies in 27-day averages (a Bartels rotation) for the 2009 – 2016 time interva…

The Preservation of the 1980 Mount St Helens Tephra Layer

Tephra layers are often used to reconstruct past eruptions. However, accurate interpretation of tephra layers depends on their degree of preservation. We asked: how much volcanolo…

A 3D Light weight neural network for plant part segmentation and architectural trait extraction

Plant architecture is an important contributing factor for enhanced yield production and quality. The architecture traits are analyzed for crop health monitoring and genetic manip…

Hand magnets and the destruction of ancient meteorite magnetism

The paleomagnetic record of meteorites provides invaluable information about planetary formation and evolution. Yet, the potential of these magnetic records in advancing the field…

The delayed response of the troposphere-stratosphere-mesosphere coupling to the 2019 southern SSW

A strong Southern Hemisphere (SH) sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) event occurred in September 2019 and significantly weakened the stratospheric polar vortex. Due to the positiv…

Recent advances in using Chinese Earth observation satellites for remote sensing of vegetation

Vegetation is an important component of terrestrial ecosystem as it supports other biological activities through the photosynthetic production. The biophysical and biochemical par…

Small-scale discharges observed near the top of a thunderstorm

We have used the LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR) to image a few lightning flashes during a particularly severe thunderstorm. The images show an exceptional amount of VHF activity at a…

Combustion efficiency observed with CO and NO2 TROPOMI data: a first counties scale study during the 2020 fires of Cali…

The 2020 California fire season yielded the largest fires in California history. TROPOMI nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) ratios (i.e. mole density ratios; MDR) hav…

The Demonstration and Science Experiments Mission: Modeling of Wave Propagation and Triggered Emissions

The Demonstration and Science Experiments (DSX) mission operated in medium Earth orbit from 25 June 2019 until 31 May 2021. During this time it conducted experiments that actively…

Assessment of the impact of noise magnitude and bandwidth variations on a probabilistic inversion of seismic data

Accounting for an accurate noise model is essential when dealing with real data which are noisy due to the effect of environmental noise, failures and limitations in data acquisit…

TOUGH3-FLAC3D: A MODELING APPROACH FOR PARALLEL COMPUTING OF FLUID FLOW AND GEOMECHANICS

The recent development of the TOUGH3 code allows for a faster and more reliable fluid flow simulator. At the same time, new versions of FLAC3D are released periodically, allowing …

FLUX AND STABLE ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION OF CO2 IN A MESIC PRAIRIE HEADWATER STREAM

This study quantifies small-scale carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) efflux and estimates annual CO 2 emission from a headwater stream at the Konza Prairie Long-Term Ecological Research Site …

Impacts of waves and sea states on air-sea momentum flux in the Northwest Tropical Atlantic Ocean: parameterization and…

In winter, the Northwest Tropical Atlantic Ocean can be characterized by various regimes of interactions among ocean current, surface wind, and wind waves, which are critical for …

Impacts of Emergent Vegetation on Hyporheic Exchange

Hyporheic exchange, or the exchange of water and solutes between surface and subsurface water at the sediment-water interface, regulates water quality and biogeochemical cycles in…

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