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Showing 4501 to 4550 of 8313 works
Glacier-Atmosphere Interactions and Feedbacks in High-Mountain Regions - A Review
Mountain glaciers are among the most vulnerable natural systems to climate change. However, their interactions with the atmosphere are complex and not fully understood. These inte…
Superposed Epoch Analysis of Stream Interaction Regions at 1 au during Solar Minimum with Turbulence Geometry Decomposi…
In the inner heliosphere, stream interaction regions (SIR), where fast and slow solar wind streams meet, modulate the intensity of galactic cosmic rays (GCR) on the timescale of a…
A High Resolution Machine-Learning Earthquake Catalog to Characterize Fault Geometry and Source Mechanics: the Altotibe…
Recent advances in machine learning (ML)-based earthquake detection and location techniques combined with dense seismic networks have dramatically increased the quantity of low-ma…
Not All Heterogeneity is Equal: Length Scale of Frictional Property Variation as a Control on Subduction Megathrust Sli…
Heterogeneity in geometry, stress, and material properties is widely invoked to explain the observed spectrum of slow earthquake phenomena. However, the effects of length scale of…
Accelerating Marchenko Imaging by Self-Supervised Prediction of Focusing Functions
Marchenko redatuming retrieves full-wavefield Green’s functions, which can be used to generate subsurface images free from artifacts caused by internal multiples. This is achieved…
CH4 emissions from wet sedge-dominated Arctic soils are not stimulated by elevated CO2
The Arctic tundra is a significant source of CH4 emissions that are generated through anaerobic methanogenesis, and vegetation has explained much of the heterogeneity in CH4 fluxe…
Corrected Estimation of Ocean TOA Instantaneous Clear-Sky Albedo from CERES for Shortwave Cloud Radiative Effect Analys…
Clouds play a crucial role in Earth’s climate system, with clear-sky albedo being fundamental for estimating cloud albedo and the shortwave cloud radiative effect (CRE), which are…
Uncertainty in projected precipitation change and its dependency on aggregation to the river-basin scale
Model projections of changes in precipitation express large uncertainties, partly owing to climate noise from internal variability dominating the greenhouse gas forced signal. In …
A Standard Analog Model of Open Channel Confluences: Toward the Natural Hydro-morphodynamic Patterns
Hydro-morphodynamic patterns in open channel confluences have been extensively studied, but discrepancies exist between flume experiments and field investigations. A standard anal…
Supply of biolabile dissolved organic phosphorus across the southern North Pacific subtropical gyre
Dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) serves as an organic nutrient supporting a significant fraction of marine net community production within the oligotrophic subtropical gyres. Th…
How important is land heterogeneity to represent runoff-streamflow relationships across CONUS?
As Land Surface Models are increasingly applied at higher spatial-temporal resolutions, understanding how land heterogeneity influences the small-scale partitioning of precipitati…
Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) driven hydrological modeling advances Subseasonal-to-Seasonal (S2S) streamflow forec…
This study enhances the understanding of the predictability of subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) scale streamflow and flooding and their forecasting skills, while tackling long-time c…
ICESat-2 observations of blowing snow over Arctic sea ice during the 2019-2020 MOSAiC expedition
Blowing snow plays a key role in the surface mass and energy budgets of polar regions and can be a significant source of water vapor to the atmosphere. In this study, we optimize …
Two Distinct Pathways in the Evolution of Convection Associated with Tropical Precipitation Extremes
This study examines the evolution of “top-heaviness” in tropical convection during extreme precipitation events. Top-heaviness describes the extent to which ascent peaks in the up…
Lithospheric structure across southern Taiwan revealed by full-waveform inversion of short-period teleseismic P wave an…
We present a high-resolution tomographic model for the seismic structure across southern Taiwan derived from full-waveform inversion of short-period teleseismic P-wave and its cod…
Evidence for stress diffusion and along-strike segmentation in Cascadia tremor migrations lasting minutes to weeks
The properties and rheology of subduction zones have been intensively studied to forecast potential megathrust earthquake scenarios. However, in Cascadia, the absence of recent me…
Identifying Typical Relativistic Electron Pitch Angle Distributions: Evolution During Geomagnetic Storms
Van Allen radiation belt electron dynamics are governed by a wide range of physical processes that can simultaneously drive acceleration, transport and loss. However, each individ…
Comparative Diversity of Saprotrophic Fungi in Mixed and Mono-dominant Forest Stands
We investigated the diversity of saprotrophic fungi in mixed tree communities of Douglas-fir and Bishop Pine compared to mono-dominant stands of both species. Soil cores were coll…
Preprint: Simulated seasonal loads of total nitrogen and total phosphorus by major source from watersheds draining to W…
This information product has been peer reviewed and approved for publication as a preprint by the U.S. Geological Survey. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Washington Stat…
Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Offshore Tsunami Data Assimilation
In recent years, offshore tsunami observation networks equipped with ocean bottom pressure gauges (OBPGs), such as S-net, DONET, and N-net, have been deployed around Japan, enabli…
Relationship Between Crown Density and Soil Organic Carbon Levels in Protected Forests of Midhills of Nepal
This study evaluates the impact of crown density on Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) in Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park (SNNP), Nepal. SOC levels vary across forest types due to differe…
Comparison of Solar Energetic Particle Flux Measurements by CRaTER and GOES
The Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of Radiation (CRaTER) aboard the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft has been operating in lunar orbit since 2009. CRaTER data provide…
Optimizing the Temperature Sensitivity of the Isoprene Emission Model MEGAN in Different Ecosystems Using a Metropolis-…
Isoprene is a reactive hydrocarbon emitted to the atmosphere in large quantities by terrestrial vegetation. Annual total isoprene emissions exceed 300 Tg a-1, but emission rates v…
Induced Polarization of Clay under Freeze-Thaw Cycling and Desiccation Processes: Effect of Surface Cracking Propagation
Freeze-thaw cycles and desiccation drastically affect soil surface cracking and shrinkage processes, altering soil pore structures and hydraulic properties. However, studies using…
Multi-model Intercomparison of the Complementary Relationship of Evaporation Across Global Environmental Settings
Complementary Relationship of evaporation (CR) theory has gained attention in recent years, in part because it relies solely on standard weather data for estimating evaporation, e…
Strong Fault Interaction in Double-Vergence Structure: Lessons from the 2022 Yuli Earthquake and the 2022 Chihshang Ear…
The Longitudinal Valley Fault (LVF) and the Central Range Fault (CRF) in eastern Taiwan consist of a head-to-head double-vergence structure hosting disastrous earthquakes. It was …
Using a random forest model to combine airborne lidar and Snotel data for daily estimates of snow depth across mountain…
Machine learning (ML) has emerged as an effective tool for estimating snow depth and snow water equivalent at unsampled times and locations. Airborne lidar surveys are particularl…
Wind Diversity Trends in the Lower Stratosphere Analyzed from Radiosondes launched in the Western Hemisphere
High Altitude Balloons with altitude control capability can leverage varying wind patterns at different altitudes to perform station-keeping maneuvers and other complex trajectori…
Multi-spacecraft Analysis of Dipolarization Events With Inductive, Radial Electric Fields in the Inner Magnetosphere
Dipolarization events with inductive, radial electric fields are investigated with multi-spacecraft analysis techniques. Observations by Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) with separ…
Modelling Climate Variables at High Temporal Resolution
Large ensembles of climate models are indispensable for analyzing natural climate variability and estimating the occurrence of rare extreme events. Many hydrometeorological applic…
Non-peer reviewed Report submitted to Seismica: First DAS observations from the GeoLab fibre in Madeira, Portugal
Distributed Acoustic Sensing allows extremely dense acquisition geometries of strain data. The GeoLab fibre, installed on the southern coast of Madeira Island, extends for ∼56 km …
Satellite-based Analysis of CO2 Emissions in Global Cities: Regional, Economic, and Demographic Attributes
Cities play a crucial role in reducing global greenhouse gas emissions. While activity-based (“bottom up”) emission estimates are widely used for global cities, they often lack in…
Sub-100 km Ocean Processes Revealed by Structure Functions of SWOT Sea Surface Height and In Situ Observing Network
The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission has enabled global mapping of ocean sea surface height (SSH) at small spatial scales and over wide swath footprints. A key st…
A Reproducible Method for Mapping Electricity Transmission Infrastructure using Remote Sensing for Space Weather Risk A…
Space weather risk assessment is constrained by the lack of available asset information to undertake modeling of Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GICs) in Extra High Voltage elec…
Evaluating Environmental Moisture Relative to Tropical Deep Convective Growth Using CPEX-CV Airborne and Satellite Obse…
Mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) associated with African easterly waves (AEWs) that propagate and intensify over the tropical East Atlantic may serve as precursors for tropical…
Solving dense shelf water cascading with a high-resolution ocean reanalysis
Dense shelf water cascading (DSWC) is an oceanographic process occurring when dense shelf water overflows the shelf edge downslope towards the deep sea. Monitored in the Northwest…
New Model for the 2018 M W 7.9 Offshore Kodiak Earthquake: Rupture of Many Parallel Strike-Slip Faults
• Aftershocks and seismic profiles offer a new rupture model for the 2018 Offshore Kodiak Earthquake with N-S en echelon strike-slip faults • Static Coulomb triggering from the ma…
Geodetic Characterization of the May 2021 Nyiragongo Eruption and Associated Crustal Deformation Using InSAR and GNSS D…
We analyze Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data to characterize ground deformation and dike opening associated with t…
A nutrient effect on the TEX86 paleotemperature proxy
The TEX 86 paleotemperature proxy is widely used to reconstruct ocean surface temperatures over the past 100 million years. However, archaeal culture experiments show that nutrien…
Towards Detecting Occupant Behavior From Residential Water Use in Permanent Supportive Housing
The quantification of residential water end uses is an important component of improving the sustainability of urban water infrastructure. Disaggregation and classification methods…
Dynamics and Drivers of Terrestrial Water Storage Extremes from GRACE and GRACE-FO Missions During 2002-2024
• Global water storage extremes stem from Pacific-Atlantic variability, with decadal shifts but no definitive global trend. • Water storage extremes are asymmetric in intensity bu…
Detailed Monitoring of the Antarctic Marginal Ice Zone by Satellite Radar Altimeter Synergy - A Study of the Weddell Se…
Wave-affected Marginal Ice Zones (MIZs) are key regions of air-ice-ocean interactions in Southern Oceans. However, great challenges still remain for the large-scale observation of…
SPATIOTEMPORAL GAP-FILLING OF NASA DEEP BLUE SATELLITE AEROSOL OPTICAL DEPTH OVER THE CONTIGUOUS UNITED STATES (CONUS) …
Due to sensor and algorithmic constraints, satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrievals are spatially incomplete and have gaps caused by clouds and bright surfaces. These gaps…
falwa: Python package to implement Finite-amplitude Local Wave Activity diagnostics on climate data
Weather at the mid-latitudes are governed by cyclones and anticyclones mostly migrating eastward. These weather systems cause the jet streams to undulate, the meandering patterns …
Tropical Cirrus in Global Storm-Resolving Models
The recent advances in computer modeling have spurred the production of several global storm-resolving models (GSRMs), which resolve scales from deep convection to large-scale and…
Thermodynamic vs. Large-Scale Controls on Extreme Precipitation: Temporal Scale Dependence and Clausius-Clapeyron Scali…
Increasing atmospheric moisture content is expected to intensify precipitation extremes under climate warming. However, substantial uncertainty remains in quantifying changes in e…
Using neural network models and synoptic circulation patterns to project future changes in US tornado activity
The impacts of anthropogenic climate change on tornadoes remains a particularly challenging enterprise, partly because global climate models (GCMs) struggle to resolve the small-s…
The brittle-plastic transition in quartz-albite aggregates: New insights from shear deformation experiments at mid-to-l…
Fault rheology in the upper crust is often characterized using a fault strength profile where laboratory-derived friction and flow laws are connected at depth (i.e., the so-called…
Systematic Benchmarking of Climate Models: Methodologies, Applications, and New Directions
As climate models become increasingly complex, there is a growing need to comprehensively and systematically assess model performance with respect to observations. With increasing…
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