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Earthquake nucleation length, a critical parameter characterizing the transition from quasi-static propagation to dynamic rupture in the nucleation zone, has been observed to de…

We statistically analyzed the whole-rock compositions of peridotites in the Oman ophiolite using a multivariate statistical technique called independent component analysis (ICA) t…

Among the many challenges the Arctic region faces as shifting climate conditions threaten the frozen landscape, the collapse of its terrestrial transportation infrastructure is on…

Increasing atmospheric moisture content is expected to intensify precipitation extremes under climate warming. However, substantial uncertainty remains in quantifying changes in e…

The advent of wide-swath interferometry, exemplified by the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission, is transforming inland water observation with unprecedented spatial …

This paper introduces the basics of asymmetrical spectral band fitting and discusses the resolution of overlapping Gaussian shapes. We study how to fit overlapping bands with asym…

Observations of solar energetic particles (SEPs) accelerated at collisionless shocks driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) highlight the importance of understanding proton trans…

To address the effect of stratiform latent heating on meso- to large scale circulations, an enhanced implementation of the Multiscale Coherent Structure Parameterization (MCSP) is…

Meander chute cutoffs are a common and geomorphically important feature of meandering rivers. They exhibit complex dynamics and distinctive morphologic features. To date, however,…

Recently, a hybrid framework combining deep learning (DL) and process-based equations,  termed differentiable modeling, has shown comparable accuracy to DL models while offering …

This study compares acid digestion and temperature ramping methods for obtaining soil organic carbon (SOC) reference data to train Fourier Transform Near Infrared (FT-NIR) models …

Event detection analysis is a data-model comparison technique in which all observational and numerical values are converted into a binary yes-no categorization of being in or out …

Syn- to late-orogenic extension caused by gravitational collapse is a process that has been documented in most orogens. In this paper, we investigate the contemporaneous stress fi…

NASA’s Psyche mission will arrive at the metal-rich asteroid (16) Psyche in 2029. The mission will test if (16) Psyche is a remnant of a melted, differentiated planetesimal that f…

Global mean temperature rapidly warmed during 2023, making 2023 the second warmest year on record at 1.45°C above pre-industrial climate, and 2024 became the first year on record …

We present a novel approach to data quality filtering that combines data science methods with science domain expertise to remove low-quality retrievals from the Orbiting Carbon Ob…

Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) systems are increasingly used for earthquake monitoring due to their cost-effectiveness and high spatial resolution. However, signals exceeding …

Mantle plumes are a key phenomenon in mantle flow, connecting the deep Earth interior with surficial tectonic plates. Numerical simulations are essential for studying plume dynami…

The influence of the horizontal resolution on the structure of the Western Boundary Currents (WBCs) (e.g., the Kuroshio, Gulf Stream, Agulhas Current, the East Australian Current …

Arctic Amplification, the accelerated warming of the Arctic compared to lower latitude, remains incompletely understood, particularly regarding the role of clouds. In this study, …

The genesis of diffuse and small-volume­­­­­ basalts in the Mongolia Plateau remains debatable. Crustal structure can provide valuable insights into mechanism of intraplate deform…

Slow slip events (SSEs) are transient slow fault slips primarily occurring at plate boundaries and are sometimes linked to large earthquakes and earthquake swarms. In the Middle A…

Migrant labourers typically work long hours at physically demanding tasks without air conditioning, and they account for a considerable fraction of India’s population — a share th…

Seismic faults are known to exhibit a high level of spatial and temporal complexity, and the causes and consequences of this complexity have been the topic of numerous research wo…

Advances in natural-language processing and large language models (LLMs) are transforming how geoscientists interact with complex datasets, enabling efficient and intuitive scient…

Common representations of seismic faults often fall into two categories. Either the model focuses on clean rough surfaces in sliding contact, or the model focuses on the gouge pro…

Most previous studies on marine cloud brightening (MCB) have focused on deployment over the subtropical stratocumulus cloud decks which persistently result in non-uniform cooling …

Understanding extreme precipitation events (EPEs) in the Arabian Peninsula is crucial for managing climate risks. This study evaluates EPEs using data from rain-gauge, high-resolu…

In this work, we describe an approach to characterize the ground response to geomagnetic storm drivers and recalculate the scaling factors that are used in the NERC TPL-007 geomag…

The enhanced severity and frequency of extreme weather events, such as combined heat waves and heavy rainfall, pose significant concerns due to their devastating regional impacts.…

This study investigated the underlying mechanism of multiple anomalies preceding the earthquakes occurred in Japan from 2021 to 2023. Key parameters, including induced magnetic fi…

The source process of the 2024 Mw 7.1 Hyuganada, Japan, earthquake was investigated using waveform inversion of the onshore strong motion records obtained from the region west of …

Seismic ambient noise has revolutionized regional crust and upper mantle imaging for broadband ocean-bottom seismometer (BBOBS) studies. However, the ocean poses unique challenges…

The magnetosphere of Jupiter is an excellent natural laboratory for plasma dynamics due to its strength and internal plasma source. However, a key factor complicating the flow of …

Creep events are millimeter-sized, aseismic movements that produce slip along portions of certain active faults \citep{Tymofyeyeva_2019} . These movements were first observed on t…

Despite extensive implementation of best management practices to mitigate external nutrient runoff, numerous New Hampshire lakes are continuing to experience diminished water qu…

Wildfires are natural disasters that impact ecosystems and economies many countries around the world. In Ukraine, wildfires occur in all agroclimatic zones, from steppes and for…

In addition to the omnipresent Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs), sudden solar energetic particle (SEP) events present considerable health hazards for manned space missions. These event…

Assessing the impact of anthropogenic warming on river high flows is essential for adaptation planning. This study evaluates the potential impacts of climate change on high flows …

Internal tides are crucial in ocean dynamics and are a source of error in marine acoustic measurements. In Global Navigation Satellite System-Acoustic combination technique (GNSS-…

In recent years, solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) has shown great potential for monitoring terrestrial photosynthesis, but existing SIF products retrieved from atmosph…

After over a half-century of development, bathymetric lidar is a mature and widely used technology for mapping the littoral zone in support of nautical charting, benthic habitat a…

Located in the ancient and deeply weathered mid-Atlantic Piedmont physiographic province, Minebank Run is an outlier, with unusually high bed sediment loads. The combined effects …

Simulating fluid transport in microporous media is challenging due to their inherent heterogeneity and multiscale nature. This study presents a multi-scale domain discretization a…

To explore the hypothesis of a common source of variability in two time series, observers may estimate the magnitude-squared coherence (MSC), which is a frequency-domain view of t…

The sequential Suspended Sediment Concentration (SSC) maps were generated using IRS-P4 OCM data for selected tide dominated, wave dominated and deltaic coasts around the Indian su…

Accurate forecasts on subseasonal (S2S) timescales are essential for the preparation and mitigation of the impacts of high-impact events, such as flash droughts. To improve the ac…

Mesoscale eddies are fundamental components of global ocean circulation. In situ observations and Lagrangian analyses have shown that most eddies are materially coherent, transpor…