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Showing 4001 to 4050 of 22070 works
Deformed vein sets as a record of synmetamorphic volume change: quantifying solution mass transfer in subduction-type m…
The volume change component of deformation is often ignored or assumed to be zero in tectonic studies of metamorphic belts. However, when estimating original geometries of deforme…
The DRIAR Project: Dry-Rifting In the Albertine-Rhino Graben, Uganda
Continental rifting is a critical component of the plate tectonic paradigm, and occurs in more than one mode, phase, or stage. While rifting is typically facilitated by abundant m…
A decrease in river discharge and rainfall amount, from a 100-year data set, in response to El Niño events on the inter…
The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) modulates rainfall amount variability and, by extension, river discharge in the Philippines on seasonal to interannual temporal scales. The…
Low-Cost Sensors Provide Insight into Temporal Variation in Fugitive Methane Gas Concentrations Around an Energy Well
Effective measurement of the presence and rate of methane gas migration (GM) outside the casing of energy wells is important for managing social and environmental impacts and fina…
Kinetic Instabilities and Turbulence in the Solar Wind
The solar wind is a continuous outflow of plasma from the Sun, which expands into the space between the planets in our solar system and forms the heliosphere. The solar wind is in…
On the Creation, Depletion, and End of Life of Polar Cap Patches
Ionospheric convection patterns from the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network are used to determine the trajectories, transit times and decay rates of three polar cap patches from the…
Density Derivation Using Controlled Spacecraft Potential in Earth's Magnetosheath and Multi-scale Fluctuation Analysis
In-situ measurements from the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission are used to estimate electron density from spacecraft potential and investigate compressive turbulence in the…
Detecting Volcanic Ash Plume Components from Space using Machine Learning Techniques
During an explosive eruption, large volumes of ash and gases are ejected into the atmosphere, forming a volcanic plume which is transported by the wind. The dispersion of volcanic…
Comparison of lower stratosphere wind observations from the USTC's Rayleigh Doppler lidar and the ESA's satellite missi…
Since the first space-borne Doppler wind lidar, Aeolus, was launched, global wind field observations from space have been possible. Several ground- and air-based validations follo…
Global three-dimensional draping of magnetic field lines in Earth's magnetosheath from in-situ spacecraft measurements
Magnetic field draping occurs when the magnetic field lines frozen in a plasma flow wrap around a body or plasma environment. The draping of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF…
Discharge Estimation in An Adverse Slope Condition Using Entropy Concept: An Experimental Analysis
Flow measurement is critical in hydraulic engineering for developing and managing water resources. The mean flow velocity and cross-sectional flow area at the measurement location…
Theorizing the “Social” in Socio-Hydrology: Incorporating Ethnographic Methods to Characterize Coupled Human-Water Syst…
The burgeoning field of socio-hydrology aims to understand the dynamics of coupled human-water systems in order to inform sustainable water management. However, socio-hydrological…
Long-wavelength topography and multi-scale velocity heterogeneites at the core-mantle boundary
The structure of the lowermost mantle and the core-mantle boundary (CMB) has profound implications for Earth’s evolution and current-day dynamics. Whilst tomographic studies of Vs…
Multi-source Mapping of Peatland Types using Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2 and Terrain Derivatives - A Comparison Between Five…
Mapping wetland types in northern-latitude regions with Earth Observation (EO) data is important for several practical and scientific applications, but at the same time challengin…
Estimation of Hydraulic Conductivity in a Watershed Using Multi-source Data via Co-Kriging and Bayesian Experimental De…
Enhanced water management systems depend on accurate estimation of hydraulic properties of subsurface formations. This is while hydraulic conductivity of geologic formations could…
Rethinking the role of transport and photochemistry in regional ozone pollution: Insights from ozone mass and concentra…
Understanding the role of transport and photochemistry is essential to alleviate ambient ozone pollution. However, ozone budget and source apportionment studies often report confl…
Comparison of climate model large ensembles with observations in the Arctic using simple neural networks
Evaluating historical simulations from global climate models (GCMs) remains an important exercise for better understanding future projections of climate change and variability in …
An experimental study to explore hydrogen diffusion in clinopyroxene at low temperatures (195 - 400 °C) and consequence…
Studying diffusion of hydrogen in nominally anhydrous minerals (NAMs), like clinopyroxene, at low temperatures is a challenging task due to experimental and analytical difficultie…
Wildfire dynamics from ECOSTRESS data and machine learning: The case of South-Eastern Australia’s black summer
In 2019–20 Australia was devastated by the worst wildfires observed in decades. NASA’s ECOsystem Space-borne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station (ECOSTRESS) mission, la…
Local Minima in Geochemical Reaction Optimization Problems
It is increasingly popular to optimize geochemical reaction models to fit lab or field data. Performing these optimizations is often technically difficult due to the highly correl…
Episodic carbonate precipitation in perennially ice-covered Lake Fryxell, Antarctica
Benthic carbonates in perennially ice-covered Lake Fryxell (Mc-Murdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica) precipitated from pore waters in microbial mats as calcite rhombs, acicular botryoids…
Evaluation of soil moisture in CMIP6 multi-model simulations over conterminous China
The Sixth Phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) provides the long-term soil moisture (SM) products and this study conducts a comprehensive assessment of SM pr…
Controls of the Foreland Deformation Pattern in the Orogen-Foreland Shortening System: Constraints from High-Resolution…
Controls on the deformation pattern (shortening mode and tectonic style) of orogenic forelands during lithospheric shortening remain poorly understood. Here, we use high-resolutio…
Integrating Water Quality Data with a Bayesian Network Model to Improve Spatial and Temporal Phosphorus Attribution: Ap…
Surface water nutrient pollution, the primary cause of eutrophication, remains a major environmental concern in Western Lake Erie despite intergovernmental efforts to regulate nut…
Solar Flux Dependence of Upper Thermosphere Diurnal Variations: Observed and Modeled
Upper thermosphere mass density over the declining phase of solar cycle 23 are investigated using a day-to-night ratio (DNR) of thermosphere properties as a metric to evaluate how…
Low-Cost Water Wells for Developing Countries
Environmental justice and equity should include access to clean water for all. It is expensive to drill borehole wells, typically over $10,000 US dollars, and so organizations wor…
A method for estimating global subgrid-scale gravity-wave temperature perturbations in chemistry-climate models
Many chemical processes depend non-linearly on temperature. Gravity-wave-induced temperature perturbations have been previously shown to affect atmospheric chemistry, but accounti…
Research on 3D Density Imaging Method with Gravity and Gravity Gradient in the Wavenumber Domain
Density imaging is a method of inverting the sub-surface density distribution according to the spectrum of the gravity and gravity gradient in the wavenumber domain. This method e…
Discharge estimates with stage-fall-discharge rating curves and ICESat-2 altimetry at backwater-affected virtual statio…
Satellite altimetry has become an important data source for discharge estimation. Stage-fall-discharge (SFQ) rating curves are necessary for discharge estimation at backwater-affe…
Effect of Global Warming on Lacustrine Productivity and Accumulation of PAHs in Lakes, East China
Multiple organic proxies and lipid biomarkers in the sediment core samples collected from Luoma Lake and Hongze Lake in Jiangsu are used to expound the relationships of global war…
Measurements of Stratospheric Water Vapor at Mauna Loa and the Effect of the Hunga Tonga Eruption
The eruption of Hunga Tonga in January 2022 injected an amount of water vapor into the stratosphere that is unprecedented in the satellite era. In the ensuing months Aura Microwav…
A new brittle rheology and numerical framework for large-scale sea-ice models
We present a new brittle rheology and an accompanying numerical framework for large-scale sea-ice modelling. This rheology is based on a Bingham-Maxwell constitutive model and the…
Evaluating the water cycle over CONUS at the watershed scale for the Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 1 (E3SM…
The water cycle is an important component of the earth system and it plays a key role in many facets of society, including energy production, agriculture, and human health and saf…
Assessing Volcanic Hazard and Exposure at Obscure Volcanic Fields: A Case Study from the Bolaven Volcanic Field, Laos
South-east Asia is one of the most volcanically active places on Earth, with the majority of the volcanoes located in Indonesia and in the Philippines. Indochina (Myanmar, Cambodi…
The Impacts of East China Sea Kuroshio Front on Winter Heavy Precipitation Events in Southern China
The wintertime Kuroshio sea surface temperature (SST) front have the significant climate effects on southern China. The study demonstrates a close relationship between heavy preci…
Optical insight into riverine influences on dissolved and particulate organic carbon in a coastal Arctic lagoon system
Optical properties of seawater can provide valuable insight into distributions of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC), provided that their interrel…
Global Sensitivity Analysis and Uncertainty Quantification for Background Solar Wind using the Alfvén Wave Solar Atmosp…
Modeling the impact of space weather events such as coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is crucial to protecting critical infrastructure. The Space Weather Modeling Framework (SWMF) is …
Destructive potential of planetary meteotsunami waves beyond the Hunga volcano eruption (Tonga)
Worldwide tsunamis generated by atmospheric waves – or planetary meteotsunami waves – are extremely rare events occurring during supervolcano explosions or asteroid impacts. Recen…
Blooms and flows: Effects of variable hydrology and management on reservoir water quality
Flow management has the potential to significantly affect water quality. Shallow lakes in arid regions are especially susceptible to flow management changes which can have importa…
Investigating Geocoronal Absorption for Wavelength Calibration of Sounding Rockets
Due to the high spectral resolution goals (R > 2x10^4) for the upcoming Full-sun Ultraviolet Rocket Spectrograph (FURST), instrument calibration will be particularly important. Th…
Enhanced Wolfcamp Shale Permeability Estimation Based on Statistical Rock Physics Analysis
An accurate estimation of the shale permeability is essential to understand heterogeneous organic-rich shale reservoir rocks and predict the complexity of pore fluid transport in …
Data-driven discovery of Fokker-Planck equation for the Earth's radiation belts electrons using Physics-Informed Neural…
We use the framework of Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) to solve the inverse problem associated to the Fokker-Planck equation for radiation belts’ electron transport, using…
Wildlife Insights: How Camera Trap Data Can Foster Global Biodiversity Conservation
Human activities are driving environmental and climatic changes, affecting the distribution and diversity of species worldwide. Limiting the negative impacts of these activities o…
Moist Potential Vorticity Diagnosis of the Tropical Cyclone Boundary Layer: Influence of Roll Vortices
Physical processes determining the dynamic and thermodynamic structure of a tropical cyclone boundary layer (TCBL) are quite different from anywhere else in the atmospheric bounda…
Mine tailings-based geopolymers: Durability, microstructure, thermal and leaching properties
The mining industry produces a considerable amount of stone waste and tailings, posing an ecological danger. This industrial waste is often disposed of via landfill, which leads t…
Modeling Urban Heat Islands and Thermal Comfort During a Heat Wave Event in East China with CLM5 Incorporating Local Cl…
The urban expansion-induced heat can deteriorate heat stress for urban dwellers, especially during heat waves. With a focus on the intra-urban variability of UHIs and thermal comf…
Lifecycle of Major Sudden Stratospheric Warmings in the Southern Hemisphere from a Multi-Millennial GCM Simulation
Sudden Stratospheric Warmings (SSWs) are rare in the Southern Hemisphere (SH), making it difficult to study possible precursors or subsequent impacts. Using a multi-millennial cou…
Significance of diapycnal mixing within the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation
Diapycnal mixing shapes the distribution of climatically-important tracers, such as heat and carbon, as these are carried by dense water masses in the ocean interior. Here, we ana…
Two-Dimensional Particle Motions during Rarefied Transport in a Static Bath: Implications for Bedload Diffusion
Most particle motions on Earth's surface are fundamentally stochastic and often occur under rarefied transport conditions. Every particle makes a unique path along the bed, simila…
Bayesian seismic source inversion with a 3-D Earth model of the Japanese Islands
We present probabilistic centroid-moment tensor solutions inferred from the combination of Hamiltonian Monte Carlo sampling and a 3-D full-waveform inversion Earth model of the Ja…
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