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Showing 3101 to 3150 of 22070 works
European soil NOx emissions derived from satellite NO2 observations
We introduce an innovative method to distinguish soil nitrogen oxides (NOx=NO+NO2) emissions from satellite-based total NOx emissions using its seasonal characteristics. To evalua…
Radiocarbon analysis reveals underestimation of soil organic carbon persistence in new-generation soil models
Reflecting recent advances in our understanding of soil organic carbon (SOC) turnover and persistence, a new generation of models increasingly makes the distinction between the mo…
Investigation of storm track characteristics in a regional climate model over East Asia
Studies have shown that regional climate models (RCMs) can simulate local climates at a higher resolution for specific regions compared to global climate models (GCMs), making dyn…
Identifying the variety of jovian X-ray auroral structures: tying the morphology of X-ray emissions to associated magne…
We define the spatial clustering of X-rays within Jupiter’s northern auroral regions by classifying their distributions into ‘X-ray auroral structures’. Using data from Chandra du…
A tale of two catchments: Causality analysis and isotope systematics reveal mountainous watershed traits that regulate …
Mountainous watersheds are characterized by variability in functional traits, including vegetation, topography, geology, and geomorphology, which together determine nitrogen (N) r…
Longitudinal dependence of ionospheric irregularities to maximum ring current and PPEF sensed by GNSS and magnetometers…
We employ multi-instrumental data to investigate the behavior of equatorial and low latitude ionosphere during the geomagnetic storm of November 3-6, 2021. We used TEC data obtain…
Validation of the Geostationary Lightning Mapper with a Lightning Mapping Array in Argentina: Implications for Current …
A validation study of the Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) on board the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 16 (GOES-16) was done using a ground-based lightning …
The influence of confining stress and preexisting damage on strain localization in fluid-saturated crystalline rocks in…
The spatial organization of deformation may provide key information about the timing of catastrophic failure in the brittle regime. In an ideal homogenous system, deformation may …
Yesterday's high tide is today's new normal
The daily rise and fall of the tides are intimately familiar to those living on the coast. However, due to sea-level rise, what communities in the United States now experience as …
Performance of GPCP Products Over Oceans: Evaluation Using Passive Aquatic Listeners
Passive Aquatic Listeners (PALs) have been increasingly deployed to collect minute-scale surface oceanic rainfall and wind information, with a sampling area similar to the spacebo…
Incorporating K-RDT Product into SAS Deep Convection Scheme for Improved Short-term Prediction of Heavy Rainfall in Sou…
In this study, we examined the potential of the Korea Rapid-Development Thunderstorm (K-RDT) product obtained from a geostationary meteorological satellite to improve the short-te…
Effects of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Eruption on MODIS-retrieved Sea Surface Temperatures
The eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai (HTHH) volcano on 15 January 2022 injected a great amount of H2O and a moderate amount of SO2 into the stratosphere, producing a pronounc…
Effect of Solar Farms on Soil Erosion in Hilly Environments: A Modeling Study from the Perspective of Hydrological Conn…
Compared to the growing number of utility-scale solar farms (USFs) sitting in hilly regions, knowledge of the hydrological behaviors in responding to the installation of USFs in t…
Fast computation of cloud 3D radiative effects in dynamical models by optimizing the ecRad scheme
Radiation schemes are fundamental components of weather and climate models that need to be both efficient and accurate. In this work we refactor ecRad, a flexible radiation scheme…
Extreme Geomagnetic Disturbances (GMDs) Observed in Eastern Arctic Canada: Occurrence Characteristics and Solar Cycle D…
Extreme (≥ 20 nT/s) geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs, also denoted as MPEs - magnetic perturbation events) – impulsive nighttime disturbances with time scale ~5-10 min, have suffici…
The Width of the Martian Bow Shock and Implications on Thermalization
In theory the width of the quasi-perpendicular bow shock ramp is on the scale of a few electron inertial lengths, but as this work will show the quasi-perpendicular bow shock at M…
Optimizing the Implementation Plan of Watershed Best Management Practices with Time-varying Effectiveness under Stepwis…
Optimizing the spatial configuration of diverse best management practices (BMPs) can provide valuable decision-making support for comprehensive watershed management. Most existing…
Preface to Monitoring the Earth Radiation Budget and its Implication to Climate Simulations: Recent Advances and Discus…
This article acts as an introduction to the JGR-Atmospheres special section titled Monitoring the Earth Radiation Budget and its Implication to Climate Simulations: Recent Advance…
70-Year Trends in Ship-Reported Oceanic Precipitation Frequency
Ship present-weather reports from 1950 through 2019 are used to assess trends in the reporting of precipitation occurrence over the global oceans. Annual reported precipitation fr…
Regional Features of the 20-30 Day Periodic Behavior in the Southern Hemisphere Summer Circulation
The Southern Hemispheric (SH) storm tracks exhibit a robust intraseasonal periodicity of 20-30 days as the leading mode of zonal-mean eddy kinetic energy. To what extent this hemi…
Inverse modelling of core flood experiments for predictive models of sandstone and carbonate rocks
Field-scale observations suggest that rock heterogeneities control subsurface fluid flow, and these must be characterised for accurate predictions of fluid migration, such as duri…
Polarity and Timing of the Deformation along the Jinsha Suture Zone (Yushu area, Northeastern Tibet)
The Tibetan Plateau was formed by intense Cenozoic shortening (up to 1100 km) of a composite “proto-Tibet”, itself the product of a long Paleozoic and Mesozoic history of accretio…
Evaluation of leaf phenology of different vegetation types from local to hemispheric scale in CLM
Accurate simulation of plant phenology is important in Earth system models as phenology modulates land-atmosphere coupling and the carbon cycle. Evaluations based on grid-cell ave…
Wall Fracturing versus Mechanical Instability as Competing Intrusion Mechanisms of Dikes: Insights from Laboratory Expe…
Igneous dike intrusion is a primary crust-forming process at the Earth’s plate boundaries. Understanding its mechanism is thus crucially important in lithospheric studies. Our pre…
SatVITS-Flood: Satellite Vegetation Index Time Series Flood detection model for hyperarid regions
We present the Satellite Vegetation Index Time Series model for detecting historical floods in ungauged hyperarid regions (SatVITS-Flood). SatVITS-Flood is based on observations t…
Tidal behavior of a well in a relatively thick semiconfined aquifer
Subsurface tidal analysis requires only continuous pressure monitoring data and therefore can be a cost-effective technique for estimating aquifer properties. The tidal behavior o…
Reflection of Storm Surge and Tides in Convergent Estuaries with Dams, the case of Charleston, USA
Convergent coastal-plain estuaries have been shortened by dam-like structures worldwide. We used 31 long-term water level stations and a semi-analytical tide model to investigate …
The dominant source and volume of highest river floods have shifted in Finland and northern Russia.
We analyzed observations on floods in rivers located in Finland and northern Russia where hazardous floods often happen during a spring flooding period. We evaluated the length of…
Seismic evidence for velocity heterogeneity along ~40 Ma old oceanic crustal segment formed at the slow-spreading Mid-A…
The magmatically accreted oceanic crust contains two distinct layers, the upper and the lower crust, whereas the tectonically controlled crust may have gabbros and serpentinite cl…
Fracture aperture generation using surface scan measurements of natural rock samples
In sparsely fractured crystalline rock, aperture variability exhibits significant control of the flow field through the fracture network. However, its inclusion in models is hampe…
Balancing non-CO2 GHG emissions and soil carbon sequestration in U.S. rice paddies: implications for natural climate so…
The U.S. rice paddy systems play an increasingly vital role in ensuring food security, which also contribute massive anthropogenic non-CO2 (CH4 and N2O) greenhouse gas (GHG) emiss…
Cool roofs could be most effective at reducing outdoor urban temperatures in London compared with other roof top and ve…
Comprehensive studies comparing impacts of building and street levels interventions on air temperature at metropolitan scales are still lacking despite increased urban heat-relate…
No emergence of deep convection in the Arctic Ocean across CMIP6 models
As sea ice disappears, the emergence of open ocean deep convection in the Arctic has been suggested. Here, using 36 state-of-the-art climate models and up to 50 ensemble members p…
Statistical characterization of erosion and sediment transport mechanics in shallow tidal environments. Part 2: suspend…
A proper understanding of sediment transport dynamics, critically including resuspension and deposition processes of suspended sediments, is key to the morphodynamics of shallow t…
Statistical characterization of erosion and sediment transport mechanics in shallow tidal environments. Part 1: erosion…
Wave-induced bottom shear stress is one of the leading processes that control sediment erosion dynamics in shallow tidal environments, because it is responsible for sediment resus…
Anthropogenic aerosols contribute to the recent decline in precipitation over the U.S. Southwest
The winter-spring precipitation over the Southwestern United States (SWUS) decreased since 1980. It is frequently attributed to Pacific internal decadal variability, but recent st…
Decomposition of the horizontal wind divergence associated with the Rossby, inertia-gravity, mixed Rossby-gravity and K…
The paper presents a new method for the decomposition of the horizontal wind divergence among the linear wave solutions on the sphere: inertia-gravity (IG), mixed Rossby-gravity (…
Multi-actor, multi-impact scenario discovery of consequential narrative storylines for human-natural systems planning
Scenarios have emerged as valuable tools in managing complex human-natural systems, but the traditional approach of limiting focus on a small number of predetermined scenarios can…
Contribution of locally tangential CMB-mantle flow and cold-source subducting plates to ULVZ formation and morphology
Ultra-low velocity zones (ULVZs) above the core-mantle boundary (CMB) are significant structures that connect the lowermost mantle and outer core. As “thin patches” of dramaticall…
The Apollo 17 Regolith: Induced Thermoluminescence Evidence for Formation by a Single Event ~100 Million Years Ago and …
We explored the geological history of the Taurus-Littrow Valley at the Apollo 17 landing site through the induced thermoluminescence (TL) properties of regolith samples collected …
Towards a data-effective calibration of a fully distributed catchment water quality model
Distributed hydrological water quality models are increasingly being used to manage natural resources at the catchment scale but there are no calibration guidelines for selecting …
Exploring Variable Synergy in Multi-Task Deep Learning for Hydrological Modeling
Despite advances in hydrological Deep Learning (DL) models using Single Task Learning (STL), the intricate relationships among multiple hydrological components and model inputs mi…
Architecture of fluvial and deltaic deposits exposed along the eastern edge of Jezero crater western fan
Early observations from the Perseverance rover suggested a deltaic origin for the western fan of Jezero crater only from images of the Kodiak butte. Here, we use images from the S…
Characteristics of Station-Derived Convective Cold Pools Over Equatorial Africa
Due to their potential role in organizing tropical mesoscale convective systems, a better understanding of cold pool (CP) dynamics in such regions is critical, particularly over l…
Quantitative Analysis of Electron Acceleration in Coalescing Magnetic Flux Ropes at Earth's Magnetopause
Coalescence of magnetic flux ropes (MFRs) is suggested as a crucial mechanism for electron acceleration in various astrophysical plasma systems. However, how electrons are being a…
Origins of biweekly sea surface temperature variability in the eastern equatorial Pacific and Atlantic
Biweekly sea surface temperature (SST) variability significantly contributes to over 50% of the intraseasonal variability in the eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP) and Atlantic (EEA…
Complex hygroscopic behaviour of ambient aerosol particles revealed by a piezoelectric technique
Comprehending the intricate interplay between atmospheric aerosols and water vapour in subsaturated regions is vital for accurate modelling of aerosol–cloud–radiation–climate dyna…
Temporal and spatial dynamics of paleo-redox conditions across the Triassic-Jurassic boundary
The end-Triassic mass extinction was among the most severe biotic crises of the Phanerozoic. It has been linked with the global expansion of marine anoxia, and the prolongation of…
Bedrock controls on water and energy partitioning across the western contiguous United States
Across diverse biomes and climate types, plants use water stored in bedrock to sustain transpiration. Bedrock water storage ($S_{bedrock}$, mm), in addition to soil moisture, thus…
Observational and modelling analysis of Canada’s only F5/EF5 tornado
Canada’s first and only F5/EF5 tornado associated with a supercell touched down near Elie, Manitoba in the late afternoon of 22 June 2007. An observational and numerical simulatio…
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