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• We present a novel reaction-cross-diffusion (RXD) approach, unifying observed compaction band modes: discrete, diffuse, and heterogeneity-induced. • RXD focuses on the dissipati…

Palaeointenisty measurements are vital for understanding the deep Earth and the evolution of the geomagnetic field, however, they suffer from non-ideal behaviour that compromises …

Relative seismic velocity changes (dv/v) are being increasingly used to monitor changes in groundwater. However, it remains challenging to verify its implementation in watersheds …

We evaluate three identifiers of continental mantle earthquakes motivated by surface-wave normal-mode theory, the amplitude ratio of Sn to Lg, and the frequency content of Sn and …

The use of spherical modes offers an efficient solution for storing embedded element patterns with significant angular structure for large scale arrays, such as the Square Kilomet…

The meteorology-dependent multiscale behavior of snow depth over the Tibetan Plateau was examined via moderate-resolution datasets. By analyzing spatial variance and power spectra…

Most land surface models (LSMs) do not explicitly represent surface ponding, infiltration of ponded water, or the soil macropore effects on infiltration, percolation, and groundwa…

High-relief glacial valleys shape the modern topography of the Southern Patagonian Andes, but their formation remains poorly understood. Two Miocene plutonic complexes in the Ande…

The last glacial cycle provides the opportunity to investigate large changes in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) beyond the small fluctuations evidenced from…

The recognition of data as a natural resource has made headlines in the new era of industrialization. Companies now leverage this resource to enhance their services and products…

Soil microbial nitrous acid (HONO) production has been identified as a significant emission source to the atmosphere and, thus, considerably affects atmospheric oxidizing capacity…

Zircon is a key mineral in geochronology because of its chemical and physical durability and tendency to incorporate radioactive trace elements such as U and Th. Quantifying the p…

A key element in the assessment of seismic hazard is estimation of the maximum possible earthquake magnitude, Mmax. A great deal of effort has been invested in developing approach…

This research unpacks some of the complexities and interactions among multiple drivers of climate change by examining the role of radionuclides in the Arctic, where abnormally hig…

The Recharge Oscillator (RO) is a simple mathematical model of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). In its original form, it is based on two ordinary differential equations th…

In the sub-polar North Atlantic, the accumulation of fresh meltwaters from Greenland and the Arctic can impact the strength of the climatically important Atlantic Meridional Overt…

Dating young lava flows is essential for understanding volcano’s eruption frequency, yet challenging due to methodological limitations of commonly used dating techniques. Ruapehu …

The timing of biological events, known as phenology, plays a key role in shaping ecosystem dynamics, and climate change can significantly alter these timings. However, few studies…

Synoptic climatology, which connects atmospheric circulation with regional environmental conditions, is pivotal to understanding climate dynamics. While regional climate models (R…

Predictive modelling of subsurface CO2 flow is used for optimising the design of geological CO2 storage projects e.g. with respect to mass stored and long term security. However s…

Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events are a dominant mode of millennial-scale climate variability during the last glacial period with most pronounced impacts in the North Atlantic region…

Fog, a weather phenomenon near the Earth’s surface, poses significant visibility challenges, critically impacting all modes of transportation. Accurate fog prediction models are c…

Kelvin-Helmholtz Instabilities (KHI) are known to be significant drivers of atmospheric turbulence. Recent observations show KHI forming with misaligned or angled billow segments …

We describe internal, low-frequency variability in a 21-year simulation with a cloud-resolving model. The model domain is the length of the equatorial Pacific and includes a mixed…

We examine the geostrophic pathways of Pacific and Atlantic Waters along isopycnal surfaces of the Arctic Ocean from Montgomery potentials using two observation-based climatologie…

Recently, a widespread and densely continuous-recording ocean-bottom seismograph network has been deployed in the Japan Trench subduction zone. Utilizing the offshore network data…

The impact of the model-output vertical resolution on the moist static energy (MSE) budget associated with the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is examined. To achieve this objecti…

Ionospheric electron density plays a significant role in long-distance communications and sky-wave propagation. Prediction of the accurate state of the ionosphere is necessary to …

Quantifying connectivity patterns in dryland ecosystems is crucial for understanding how water and sediments flow across the landscape, crucial for mitigating the impacts of clima…

In this paper, dayside magnetopause energy transport (energy transport across the separatrix surface to the magnetopause boundary layer and energy transport inside the magnetopaus…

Dynamic triggering of earthquakes is when seismic waves from earthquakes induce seismic activity at a distance. The observability of the seismic wave stresses and their results pr…

Using an automated novel approach we conduct a reproducible systematic survey of electromagnetic ion cyclotron wave activity detected by Van Allen Probe B during the time period 2…

While power outages caused by tropical cyclones (TCs) already pose a great threat to coastal communities, how—and why—these risks will change in a warming climate is poorly unders…

Long-term analysis of climate trends and patterns relies on continuous and high-frequency observation data sets. Still, due to limitations in historical meteorological observation…

Snow plays a crucial role in regulating water availability in eco-hydrological systems. Its spatial distribution is key for understanding melting dynamics, particularly in forests…

The expansion of shrubs into the Arctic tundra fundamentally modifies land-atmosphere interactions. However, it remains unclear how shrub distribution and expansion differ across …

As global temperatures continue to rise, the impact of heatwaves (HWs) becomes increasingly striking. The increasing frequency and intensity of these events underscore the critica…

This study showcases a global, heterogeneously coupled total water level system wherein salinity and temperature outputs from a coarse-resolution ($\sim$12 km) ocean general circu…

Soil moisture drydown patterns encode signatures of plant water use. Previous characterizations of the drydown patterns assume a static linear relationship between water-limited t…

The Cauca region is the only documented site in the world where extensive intermediate depth seismicity occurs over multiple decades above a subducting slab. Here, the subducting …

The January 15, 2022, eruption at Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai (HTHH) volcano started shortly after 4:00UTC. There had been noted unconfirmed precursory events. We analyzed seismomet…

Iron (Fe) availability impacts marine primary productivity, influencing the efficiency of the biological pump. Stable Fe isotope analysis has emerged as a tool to understand how F…

Kilometer grid-length simulations over a variety of different locations worldwide are used as training data for a deep-learning model designed to predict clouds in a global climat…