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Showing 21951 to 22000 of 22070 works
Evaluation of a Decade of Methane Observations from a Tower Network in Indianapolis, Indiana
Methane (CH₄) is a critical near-term climate mitigation target, yet urban sources remain poorly constrained. Indianapolis hosts one of the world’s longest and densest urban CH₄ d…
Physics-informed machine learning framework to retroactively estimate mantle thermal convection from partial geophysica…
Mantle convection drives the solid Earth, powering plate motions, volcanism, and earthquakes while regulating planetary heat loss. Reconstructing its history is hampered by sparse…
Baroclinic submesoscale eddies in the Ross Ice Shelf cavity alter heat pathways to the ice base
The influence of baroclinic submesoscale eddies on basal melting beneath the Ross Ice Shelf remains poorly understood. We analyzed a 4.5-year mooring record from the central cavit…
Geometry-controlled Kelvin-wave dispersion and Kelvin-Rossby coupling under tropical-cyclone forcing
• Closed-form Kelvin projections map post-storm thermocline geometry to Kelvin speed and weak dispersion without tuning. • An even-odd parity rule: even meridional structure sets …
Vulnerability of U.S. Power Generation to Extreme Weather: A Data-Driven Analysis
Extreme weather poses significant threats to the reliability of diversified electricity generation portfolios across the United States. For example, ice accumulation disables wind…
A likelihood-free framework for seismic forecasting models: application to incomplete ETAS model via simulation-based i…
Recent advances in deep-learning-based earthquake detection have revolutionized seismology, producing high-resolution catalogs complete down to very low magnitudes. While these da…
A Lagrangian Time-Series Machine Learning Framework for Predicting Concentrations and Exploring Drivers of Atmospheric …
Atmospheric aerosols play critical roles in climate and air quality. Accurately assessing their environmental impacts requires understanding aerosol abundance, distribution, and t…
Thermal gradient and thermal wave propagation depth recovered using thermoluminescence of the Apollo 17 Deep Drill Core.
We measured the natural thermoluminescence (TL) levels of Apollo 17 deep drill core samples between depths of 95 and 291 cm, and derived the temperatures at which the TL signal ha…
Water percolation threshold in porous media modulated by geometry and interfacial physics
Water percolation threshold in porous media marks the critical saturation where fluid transitions from isolated ganglia to a full-scale cluster, essential for understanding transp…
Role of future climate change, air pollution control and methane mitigation in driving hydroxyl radical (OH) and methan…
The hydroxyl radical (OH) determines the atmospheric lifetime of many pollutants like methane (CH4). This study isolates climate change, air pollution control and CH4 mitigation e…
First Quantitative Results on the Response of Green and Red Line Dayglow Emissions to Solar Flares of Different Magnitu…
Flares originate from the impulsive release of magnetic energy in the solar atmosphere. The rise in X-ray flux enhances ionization/electron content in the upper atmosphere, modify…
Subduction Zone Magnetism: The Effect of Petrofabrics on Mantle Wedge Magnetisation and Apparent Curie Point Depths
Subduction zone magnetic anomalies have previously been used to infer their thermal structure assuming a uniformly serpentinised mantle carries a homogeneous, isotropic magnetis…
Global seismic energy release of large megathrust earthquakes since 1900: insights from the revised SubQuake catalog an…
Subduction zone interfaces (SZI) release 72% of the seismic energy worldwide. Building on the original SubQuake catalog, we present an updated and revised compilation of SZI earth…
Projected Degradation of Weather Satellite Observations and Forecasting under 5G Expansion
Passive microwave observations near 23.8 GHz are central to numerical weather prediction but lie adjacent to frequencies increasingly used for fifth-generation (5G) telecommunicat…
Ensemble-Based Parameter Estimation for an Unconfined Groundwater Model of a Small Island Considering Tidal Overheight
Tidal influences are rarely considered in parameter estimation procedures for coastal groundwater flow models. Yet, considering tides adds to the already high computational burden…
Variations of the magnetic flux content in the inner magnetosphere during an intense storm
During the intense storm in December 2015, triggered by a coronal mass ejection (CME), we benefited from an exceptional configuration of several spacecraft and constellations in t…
Geostatistical Modelling with Multispectral Imaging Data
Geostatistics is primarily concerned with the understanding of the spatial continuity of a variable and the simulation of values using sample values at known locations to build mo…
Influence of Solar Sails on Magnetic Field Measurements in Space Plasmas
Solar sail technology is ready to be deployed in a satellite mission carrying a science-grade magnetometer. In preparation for such a mission, it is essential to characterize the …
One Source to Fit Them All: Versatile Surrogate Inversion of Diverse Surface Deformation Sources
Blindly identifying deformation sources from observed surface deformation fields remains challenging due to the reliance on computationally expensive repeated forward evaluations …
Recent salinification in the Southern Adriatic: remote drivers and local impact
We investigate the remote drivers and local impact of the recent anomalous high salinity values observed in the Southern Adriatic by using a multi-platform data approach that comb…
Seasonal preconditioning and triggering of alpine mass movements at an active rock slope from machine-learning seismic …
Rock slopes in high-mountain environments are increasingly affected by climate-driven changes in thermal and hydrological conditions, yet links between environmental forcing, deep…
Scaling of River Meander Skewing and Fattening Modulated by Environmental Conditions
Finite-amplitude meander growth is accompanied by higher-order planform distortions, including fore–aft asymmetry (skewing) and internal curvature redistribution (fattening and …
Wind energy futures: Which locations across the western U.S. are most resilient to environmental change?
Wind energy is central to the energy transition, but its reliance on atmospheric conditions makes long-term resources planning vulnerable to environmental change. Earth System Mod…
Climate Intervention through Stratospheric Aerosol Injection may partially mitigate marine heatwaves
Marine heatwaves (MHWs) cause significant harm to marine life and ecosystem services, and can intensify hurricanes. Global warming has increased the duration and intensity of M…
Evaluating TEMPO formaldehyde retrievals with co-located ground-based FTIR and Pandora observations
Formaldehyde (HCHO) is an important proxy for volatile organic compounds and photochemical activity, with significant implications for air quality and atmospheric chemistry. The r…
Simultaneous Multi-Point In-Situ Plasma Density Measurements of a Mid-Latitude Sporadic E Layer
We present the first spatially distributed, simultaneous multi-point \textit{in-situ} observations of a mid-latitude sporadic E layer obtained from the Sporadic E Electrodynamics …
The influence of overdeepenings on sediment flux from an Alpine glacier
Overdeepenings, closed topographic depressions in glacier beds with reversed slopes at their down valley end, could play a key role in controlling the connection of glacially erod…
Formation and arrest of a surface density front via strain-driven frontogenesis
Ocean fronts play a key role in the vertical transport of heat, energy and biogeochemical tracers, but their behaviour and life cycle is not well-understood, especially at smaller…
Morphological Characteristics of Tropical Precipitation Features Producing Extreme Instantaneous Rain Rates in Observat…
As global warming may influence convective organization, it is important to observationally constrain the effects of convective organization on the production of extreme instantan…
Shear Wave Velocity Anomalies in the Lowermost Mantle beneath the Asia-Pacific Region
Lowermost mantle is a critical region for understanding Earth’s deep material circulation and thermal evolution. The Asia-Pacific region, characterized by a complex history of p…
Early solar wind and dynamo magnetic field topology predictions for (16) Psyche and other asteroids
Asteroid (16) Psyche is a metal-rich body that might record an ancient coherent magnetization if some relict crust or mantle is preserved. Herein, we use magnetohydrodynamic simul…
Observations and Modeling of Gravity Wave-Kelvin Helmholtz Instability (GW-KHI) Interactions in the Mesosphere and Lowe…
High frequency Gravity waves (GWs) promote mixing in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) via energy transport and momentum deposition. Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities (KHI)…
Snowpack trends across Canada's largest river basin using three decades of manual snow surveys and ERA5-Land data
In the Mackenzie River basin (MRB), end-of-season snowpack volume is an essential indicator for spring flood potential, wildfire risk, and hydroelectric power generation, and it…
FOOD-ENERGY-WATER NEXUS POLICIES CONSIDERING MULTISCALE WATER INFRASTRUCTURE AND IRRIGATION DECISIONS UNDER CLIMATE CHA…
Water storage infrastructure is needed to manage temporal water imbalances. Locally, small-scale storage is a common strategy to improve water access. However, storage expansion s…
Maintaining momentum to increase FAIRness of UK marine data
The Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) is the hub for United Kingdom (UK) marine data. MEDIN supports the UK marine community from data collection to public…
Investigating the impact of IERS and IVS data as input for ultra-short-term prediction of UT1-UTC
The Earth’s rotation phase, expressed as UT1-UTC, is the most crucial geodetic parameter that can only be precisely measured using Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), althou…
Physical drivers of seasonal sea surface temperature variability off Northwest Africa: upwelling and beyond
The upwelling region off Northwest Africa exhibits pronounced seasonal variability and high productivity, playing a critical role in supporting regional fisheries. However, the ph…
Democratizing Hydroclimate Science for Just and Resilient Futures
Hydroclimatic extremes are intensifying, escalating risks to ecosystems, infrastructure, and vulnerable communities. Rapid technological innovation and scientific discovery offer …
A New 3D Urban Building Community Model for Earth System Modeling: Data and Comprehensive Evaluation
The urban building community model is an urban component of the Common Land Model (CoLM-UBCM) designed for weather and Earth system modeling, supporting high-resolution simulation…
Deep Learning for Automated Posture Annotation in Tall Grass Genotypes Using Multi-View UAV Imagery
Accurate measurement of posture traits, such as curvature and droop, can provide critical insight into the structural phenotype and stress response of tall grasses, including key …
Electron Backscatter in Energetic Particle Precipitation: Data Analysis and Simulation
When particles from the radiation belts impinge on the atmosphere, they can be absorbed into the atmosphere or deflected back into the magnetosphere. The deflection of particles b…
A Standardized Framework for n-Alkane Compound-Specific Isotope Analysis: Refinements and Analytical Platform for Data …
The isotopic composition of n-alkanes is widely used in paleoclimate and biogeochemical studies to reconstruct past hydrological and ecological conditions. However, inconsistent a…
State of the Early Career Profession in Space Physics and Aeronomy: Climatological Survey Results
The American Geophysical Union (AGU) Space Physics & Aeronomy (SPA) section comprises scientists who study the Sun, solar wind, and planetary magnetospheres, ionospheres, and ther…
Tropical impacts of the Southern Ocean underestimated by mean-state biases
The observed sea-surface temperature (SST) trends over recent decades feature cooling in the tropical eastern Pacific and the Southern Ocean (SO). Growing evidence suggests that t…
Geometrical attributes and shape characterization of pits and pit chains in Noctis Labyrinthus (Mars)
This study examines the relationships among faults, grabens, and pits in Noctis Labyrinthus to provide additional constraints on the formation model proposed for this region of Ma…
Quantifying the Role of 3D Fault Geometry Complexities on Slow and Fast Earthquakes
Traditional models of slow slip events (SSEs) oversimplify fault geometry, although imaging shows subduction faults are segmented and complex. We examine how fault interactions co…
Revolutionizing Atmospheric Data Discovery and Access Through AI-Driven Innovations at the ARM Data Center
The Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Data Center (ADC), at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), is a central hub of the U.S. Department of Energy’s ARM user facility and s…
Manipulation of phylloplane pH suppresses dollar spot on creeping bentgrass
Dollar spot, caused by Clarireedia spp., is one of the most destructive diseases of amenity turfgrass worldwide and is increasingly difficult to manage due to fungicide resistance…
A subgrid correction scheme for accurate km-scale coastal inundation in the Energy Exascale Earth System Model
Global Earth system models describe many large-scale processes, such as sea level changes, that affect the evolution of risk in local-scale coastal flooding due to extreme events …
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