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Showing 21701 to 21750 of 22070 works
Daily Calibration of the Fluxgate Magnetometer Onboard the Cluster Spacecraft
During their 24 years mission of investigating the Earth's magnetosphere the four Cluster satellites delivered high quality magnetic field data measured by the onboard fluxgate ma…
Global Reconstruction of Marine Particle Size Distributions and Quantification of Remineralization Rates: A Bayesian Pr…
The ocean biological carbon pump regulates global carbon cycling and climate, yet the spatial and temporal dynamics of Particulate Organic Matter (POM) remain poorly constrained d…
Attributing Marginal Contribution of Biophysical Differences to Neighborhood-Scale Heat Island Disparities with Explain…
Numerous local to national scale studies have demonstrated that different population groups in the U.S. have distinct burdens of urban heat. However, these studies have primarily …
GIC-Related Observations During the May 2024 Geomagnetic Storm in the United States
The May 2024 geomagnetic storm was one of the most severe in the past 20 years. Understanding how large geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs) impact geomagnetically induced currents (GI…
Evaluation of Three Sampling Technologies for Measuring Sand Suspension in Rivers
Suspended-sand concentration and grain size are essential parameters for understanding sediment transport and river geomorphology. They are often measured using direct physical sa…
Ion Cyclotron Waves Associated with Ionospheric Outflow at Jupiter
The mechanism driving ion outflow from Jupiter’s auroras remains to be determined. H+ outflow has been observed with highly field-aligned pitch angles consistent with acceleration…
Evaluation of WRF Microphysics Schemes for Simulating Lightning and Rainfall over the Complex Terrain of the Western Hi…
Lightning causes substantial loss of life and infrastructure damage each year. This study presents the first numerical simulation of a severe pre-monsoon thunderstorm that occurre…
Temporal Evolution of Greenland Ice Sheet Retreat Since the Little Ice Age
The Greenland Ice Sheet’s response to post-Little Ice Age (LIA) climate forcing remains poorly constrained due to limited historical baseline data. We present the first comprehens…
Interseasonal Hysteresis and Linearity among Surface Energy Fluxes and Soil Water Content in Observations, Reanalyses, …
Understanding how surface energy partitioning varies with soil water content (SWC) is crucial to land–atmosphere (LA) coupling. This study evaluates monthly variations of SWC and …
Mapping from Space: Using the EMIT satellite to predict Geologic Units in the McDermitt caldera, USA
Data collected from NASA’s Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation (EMIT) provides one of the first opportunities to use imaging spectroscopy for mapping geologic units fr…
Coincident ENA and narrowband radio emissions as diagnostics of inward plasma transport at Saturn
Saturn’s kilometric radiation (SKR) and Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) emissions are important diagnostics of the planet's magnetospheric dynamics, intensifying during global plas…
On Unease and Discomfort about the Anthropocene
The proposal for a formal inclusion of the Anthropocene as a new unit of the Geologic Time Scale (GTS) was rejected in part on the grounds that it would sit uncomfortably in the G…
Air Quality Impacts of Biomass Burning Transport during 2019 CAMP2Ex using MUSICAv0 with Regional Refinement over South…
The NASA Cloud, Aerosol and Monsoon Processes Philippines Experiment (CAMP2Ex) field campaign captured significant transport of biomass burning emissions from Maritime Continent (…
Metabolic Dynamics of an Offshore Coral Reef in the Central Red Sea: Observations from Autonomous Sensors
Coral reefs are increasingly threatened by local and global stressors. Traditional visual reef monitoring methods are time-intensive and provide only a snapshot of reef condition.…
Influence of river incision on landslides triggered in Nepal by the Gorkha earthquake: Results from a pixel-based susce…
This study presents a comprehensive Bayesian framework for modelling earthquake-induced landslide (EQILs) susceptibility applied to the Gorkha earthquake, using the computationall…
Bayesian TRGB Calibration and the Hubble Tension
We present a novel Bayesian hierarchical framework for calibrating the Tip of the Red Giant Branch (TRGB) absolute magnitude using Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3) parallaxes, propagatin…
Improving earthquake forecasting for Europe using elliptic ETAS aftershock distribution kernels
In the standard Epidemic-Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model, widely used for earthquake forecasting, aftershocks are distributed isotropically in space – in circular symmetry a…
The influence of ENSO on the winter North Atlantic Oscillation is mostly unpredictable noise
Seasonal forecast systems are able to skilfully predict the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) a season ahead, but the source of this skill remains unclear. Some studies have…
Global ocean beaching pathways of surface drifters
While millions of metric tons of plastic enter the ocean each year, substantial amounts also continuously wash ashore. In this study we use observations from NOAA's Global Drifter…
GOES-R Series X-Ray Sensor (XRS): 2. On-orbit measurements and calibrations
An X-Ray Sensor (XRS) has been onboard each of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) since 1975. XRS…
The Phenology-Climate Feedback Loop: Current Understanding and Future Directions
Land surface phenology–the seasonal rhythm of leaf emergence and senescence–is shifting in response to climatic changes. These shifts modify how the land and atmosphere exchange e…
Lithosphere-asthenosphere interactions across the Indo-Burma subduction zone from Sp receiver functions
In the Indo-Burma subduction zone the subducted and hanging-wall lithospheres interact strongly with the asthenosphere due to India-Asia plate convergence. Imaging the lithosphere…
Dynamics of shear instabilities near the ice shelf ocean interface
The melting of ice shelves into the ocean plays a major role, and is a key source of uncertainty, on sea level rise projections. Under ice shelves, meltwater moves upslope, settin…
Silicate weathering in marine sediments: processes, governing factors, and role in global elemental cycles
not-yet-known not-yet-known not-yet-known unknown Silicate weathering occurs across marine sediments with a spect…
High permeability, meteoric influx, and biomass promote microbial signatures in upper km of sedimentary basins
The few studies of modern or ancient microbial communities beyond ~100 m depth in the crust limit our view into the complex deep terrestrial biosphere. In sedimentary systems, iso…
On the Freeze-in Distance of Solar Wind Fluid Entropy Variability in the Corona
The strong correlation between solar wind entropy and the frozen-in ion charge state ratio O 7+ /O 6+ indicates that entropy variability on timescales of hours or longer is preser…
A conceptual model to represent phytoplankton size in oceans
Size is a fundamental trait in marine phytoplankton, linking physiological responses to ecosystem functioning and services. Modelling size diversity presents the challenge of stri…
Vertical triggering of layered faults during the 2024 MW 7.4 Hualien, Taiwan earthquake
Earthquakes have the potential to dynamically trigger other seismic events and cause a cascading effect. Most documented triggered events were laterally triggered, while verticall…
AN OVERVIEW OF OCEAN DATA THROUGH THE LENS OF THE DATA ECOSYSTEM
The oceans, covering approximately 70% of Earth's surface, play a pivotal role in climate regulation, biodiversity, and biogeochemical processes. The large and growing volume and …
Statistical Model of Subsurface Scattering Bias in ICESat-2's ATL06 Product
ICESat-2 uses visible laser pulses and photon-counting detectors to range the Earth's surface, providing precision altimetry for the cryosphere, vegetation, and bathymetry. Since …
The Coriolis effects in parameterization of atmospheric turbulence and convection
Earth’s rotation can deflect turbulent momentum flux and anisotropy of turbulent kinetic energy. This Coriolis turbulent deflection is usually omitted in parameterization of atmos…
A Comprehensive Analysis of Ice Nucleating Particles in a Subarctic Urban Environment During the ALPACA Campaign
Ice nucleating particles (INPs) influence cloud properties, precipitation, and radiative forcing, yet knowledge regarding their sources and characteristics remains incomplete, esp…
Impact of continental configuration on the climate response to greenhouse-gas forcing in an idealized GCM
The influence of continental configuration on the climate response to greenhouse-gas forcing remains poorly understood. Here, we use an idealized model with varying land-ocean cov…
Insights from an ensemble inverse method to quantify basal friction uncertainties for ice-sheet models - Part 1: Greenl…
Basal friction is one of the most uncertain processes in ice-sheet models used to project future sea level rise, yet friction parameters remain poorly constrained by observations.…
Snow what? Comparing snow products to reveal what works, where, and why
Reported values of average annual peak snow water equivalent (SWE) in the mountains of the western United States differ by more than a factor of five, from not enough water to fil…
Extended grain fill stabilizes malt quality across variable environments and nitrogen inputs
Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) intended for malting must meet strict quality standards to qualify for premium prices. However, producers often struggle to meet these standards in se…
Interval Data Assimilation: A Data Assimilation Scheme Where All Observations Are Intervals
With the proliferation of non-conventional observations from low-cost sensors, citizen science networks, and binary detection systems, data assimilation increasingly confronts obs…
Seasonal dynamics of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide (CO2) over the Arabian Peninsula using High-Resolution WRF-GHG simulati…
This study presents an analysis of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) variations over the Arabian Peninsula (AP), a region characterized by intense anthropogenic emissions. Atmosphe…
Spatial Scales of Sea Surface Salinity and Temperature Variability in the Beaufort Sea
As part of the SASSIE (Salinity and Stratification at the Sea Ice Edge) program in the Beaufort Sea, we examined scale-dependent spatial differences of surface temperature (SST) a…
The impact of subpolar salinity on AMOC remains masked when forcing is weak
Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is suggested to be in a bi-stable regime and might already be at the brink of a irreversible trajectory towards a complete shutd…
The Quartz Kerfuffle: A closed system test of the multiple proposed Ti-in-quartz diffusivities
Ti-in-quartz diffusion chronometry is widely used to constrain the timescales of late-stage silicic magma mobilization, yet published experimental calibrations of Ti diffusivity i…
Recrystallization softens the shear margins of Rutford Ice Stream, West Antarctica
The crystal orientation fabric of glaciers informs about their past deformation and affects their large-scale flow evolution. Yet, fabric development in ice streams remains poorly…
Relationship between Foreshock Structures and Magnetosheath Jets
Plasma structures with enhanced dynamic pressure know as jets are frequently observed in the magnetosheath. We examine a possible connection of these jets with structures reported…
Minimal Perturbation of the Global Mercury Cycle by the Paraná-Etendeka Large Igneous Province (PE-LIP) during the Onse…
The Valanginian positive carbon isotope excursion (Weissert Event, ca. 135 million years ago) documents a major global carbon cycle and climate perturbation. Radioisotopic dating …
Geomorphological Analysis of Martian Chloride Salt-Bearing Deposits
Remote sensing data have identified numerous chloride salt-bearing deposits across the Martian southern highlands. Due to the high solubility of chloride salts, these deposits may…
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