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Mixed-phase clouds from two passive satellite sensors, a global climate model, and three storm-resolving models are compared between 60° North and South for different cloud types,…

Understanding and accurately predicting landfill emissions are critical for sustainable landfill management and environmental protection. This study introduces a novel approach us…

Due to the increased intensity and frequency of droughts under a warming world, agricultural irrigation demand (AID) is likely to increase in many regions of the world—not just in…

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) export from watersheds by streams is an important, changing component of the global carbon cycle. We examined the controls on DOC export by quantify…

Modeling heat transport in saturated porous media typically assumes local thermal equilibrium (LTE) conditions, though this assumption lacks justification. Recent work has reveale…

Responses of downdraft convective available potential energy (DCAPE) to global warming were investigated using the Community Earth System Model (CESM2) under a high-emissions scen…

Iceberg calving accounts for about half of Antarctic ice-shelf mass loss. We used satellite imagery to analyze annual ice-shelf front changes and major calving events over eight y…

We propose conducting a competition that enables participants to remotely design, test, and evaluate asteroid redirection and rendezvous strategies within a realistic physics envi…

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important crop in Ethiopia, especially in lowland areas where drought stress is a major issue. Despite its tolerance, sorghum is  susce…

Achieving greater productivity and ecological sustainability of agricultural soils requires moving beyond conventional management practices. No-till (NT) enhances soil health whil…

The Delaware Atmospheric Plasma Probe Experiment (DAPPEr) will be the first orbital spacecraft mission built and operated in the state of Delaware. The 3U spacecraft will feature …

Misrepresentation of warm-conveyor belts (WCBs) in weather forecasting models can impinge on the medium-range predictability of Rossby waves. Yet, the link between WCB errors and …

Estimates of ice-covered oceans are difficult to constrain using in situ observations, particularly if one needs broad spatiotemporal coverage of subsurface properties. Here we ex…

This paper presents an adaptation to the Aeolian Surface Model (ASM) framework, modified to account for variable surface properties and sediment transport limitations relevant in …

Earth's rotation responds to perturbations from the atmosphere, oceans, core, hydrosphere, and geotectonic processes, while conservation of angular momentum (CAM) provides the phy…

The Rio Grande Rise is a prominent bathymetric feature in the South Atlantic Ocean. While its formation was influenced by the Tristan–Gough mantle plume and the mid-ocean ridge, t…

Detecting seismic activity on Saturn's icy moon Titan during the Dragonfly mission could provide crucial information on its internal structure. The geological complexity of the mo…

NASA’s Lunar Trailblazer small sat mission lost ground contact one day after its launch in late February 2025. We describe radar observations conducted at Goldstone and Green Bank…

This study investigates the energetics underlying the abruptness of the South Asian summer monsoon (SASM) onset within the convection aggregation framework, using a 20-year simula…

Shoreline models underpin long-term coastal planning and hazard mitigation but are often limited by site-specific calibration and simplified process representations. While machine…

Slow‑slip events and their interactions with earthquakes remain poorly understood. To investigate such interactions, we examine a deep, two-year M7 slow slip event which started i…

This study proposes a novel process-oriented analysis method using a joint probability density function of the equivalent radar reflectivity factor ( Z e ) and Doppler velocity …

We introduce Rain over Africa (RoA), a public retrieval algorithm providing near real-time precipitation estimates over the African continent. The retrievals are based on Meteosat…

The study of the effect of statistically non-stationary turbulence in the Earth’s outer core on the effective turbulent electromotive force generated by the convectively driven fl…

Our study reviews the current status of global electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure development, emphasizing policy drivers, market dynamics, and technological advancemen…

Carbonate clumped-isotope (∆ 47 ) thermometry is a powerful tool to reconstruct paleotemperatures. However, episodes of heating or cooling can alter original ∆ 47 values through d…

Australia’s Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is emblematic of the beauty of coral reefs and the perils they face. Of primary concern is the increasing frequency of mass coral bleaching ev…

Short-duration intense rainstorms drive flash floods in urban watersheds, yet their spatiotemporal variability (STV) complicates multiscale severity assessment. While equal exceed…

Electric vehicles are prone to induce potential safety hazards such as thermal runaway, lifetime degradation and localized stress concentration during high rate fast charging. Thi…

Ammonia (NH3) is a short-lived atmospheric pollutant with significant environmental and health impacts. Monitoring NH3 remains challenging, as we lack information about diurnal va…

The spatial organization of deep convection in tropical regions is posited to play an important role in determining characteristics of the tropical climate such as the humidity di…

Repeat lidar precisely records how Earth’s surface topography changes over time. However, it is difficult to measure 3D change between lidar surveys on steep, curved surfaces due …

This research presents a robotic-centric digital construction workflow, in which a six-axis robotic system orchestrates the fabrication and assembly of puzzle-joined freeform arch…

Volcano deformation measured through InSAR is ideal for volcano monitoring in many regions due to its global coverage, characteristic spatio-temporal patterns, and modelling insig…

Electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves scatter electrons and ions into the atmosphere through gyro-resonant interactions, making them important for understanding planetary aur…

Efficient waste collection remains a critical challenge in rapidly urbanizing cities, where conventional fixed-route systems often result in redundant trips and overflow incidents…

This economic impact assessment (EIA) aims to quantify the value of the Smoke Watch App information service in improving health outcomes and fostering sustainable landscapes in Ch…

One of the major research questions on Venus is the manner in which it resurfaces itself, with a random distribution of a relatively few, large craters providing the only age cons…

Modelling of the upper atmosphere, namely the thermosphere and ionosphere, is becoming important for applications such as orbital propagation (including satellite collision avoida…

• Deep learning-XAI approach to predict daily nitrate concentrations in 8 catchments using streamflow and SMAP-Hydroblocks soil moisture maps. • Spatial patterns of soil moisture …

The North Atlantic phytoplankton bloom (NAB) forms the base of the food web upon which marine ecosystem services throughout the northern North Atlantic rely. The NAB’s nutrient su…

Mesoscale ocean eddies in \nicefrac{1}{4}$^\circ$ global ocean models lie near the grid scale and so are overdamped by viscous closures, resulting in excessive damping of eddy kin…

This study explores the use of relaxation experiments in machine learning-based weather prediction (MLWP) models to identify sources of subseasonal forecast errors and compares th…

Alpine regions are highly sensitive to climate change, and snow melt dynamics are crucial in their hydrological processes. A key variable is the snow water equivalent (SWE), but d…

Densely populated coastal areas face increasing flood risk as rising sea levels combine with storm surges and high tides. Much of the U.S. East Coast experiences extratropical cyc…

Equatorial upwelling plays a crucial role for regulating regional climate variability and biological productivity from seasonal to interannual time scales. Typically, sea surface …

Microplastics (MPs) are widespread contaminants in food, beverages, and drinking water, raising concerns over potential health risks. Accurate and standardized detection a signifi…

Estuarine hydrodynamics and morphodynamics are highly sensitive to both anthropogenic and climatic impacts. The Pearl River Delta, which encompasses several megacities, has experi…