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Showing 19501 to 19550 of 22070 works
Erosion saturation of mountain-basin system in response to rainfall variation
Changes in precipitation rate (a climate proxy) affect erosion rates in mountain belts, driving river profile adjustment and leading to fluctuations in sediment flux and downstrea…
A Domain-Specific Foundation Model for Mars: Self-Supervised Learning for New Science Discovery
Planetary science faces a growing challenge with an astronomical number of unanalyzed imagery data. While deep learning shows promise, the field confronts a major gap between data…
Comparative Analysis of Quasi-Periodic Oscillations in the X-Ray Light Curves of Blazars OJ 287 and BL Lacertae
This study presents a comparative analysis of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in the X-ray light curves of two blazars, OJ 287 and BL Lacertae, using long-term observational da…
An Intercomparison Study of Five Hydraulic and Terrain-Based Flood Inundation Models Across Different Flood Stages
Accurate and rapid flood inundation mapping is essential for early warning systems, risk assessment, and resource allocation. Flood mapping models vary in complexity—from fully hy…
On the upwelling-driven zonation of nitrogen, phytoplankton, and zooplankton in the eastern Great Australian Bight, Aus…
This study uses a fully coupled physical-biological model to study nutrient enrichment and plankton dynamics in a seasonal coastal upwelling system. This upwelling system, located…
A nutrient effect on the TEX86 TEX86 TEX86 TEX86 TEX86 paleotemperature proxy
The TEX86 TEX86 TEX86 TEX86 TEX86 paleotemperature proxy is widely used to reconstruct ocean surface temperatures over the past 100 million years. However, archaeal culture experi…
Role of Accretionary Wedge in the Dynamic Rupture of Tsunami Earthquakes
Tsunami earthquakes occur in the shallow part of subduction megathrust interfaces, which is often in contact with the accretionary wedge. Here, by conducting dynamic rupture simul…
Addition of macromolecular marine DOM cycling to the Marine Biogeochemistry Library (MARBL)
The differential cycling of marine macromolecules, such as dissolved carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids play a fundamental role in marine microbial metabolisms, ultimately regula…
Do ocean dynamics contribute to coastal floods? A case study of the Shelfbreak Jet and coastal sea level along Southern…
Ocean dynamics related to large-scale circulation, such as the Gulf Stream, and smaller local ocean currents are an important driver of coastal sea-level variability along the U.S…
Clustering Shows Four Distinct Subregions of Arctic Aerosol Seasonality
In situ observations of Arctic aerosols have long shown a pronounced seasonal cycle, with a characteristic peak during the springtime Arctic haze. Differences in daily insolation …
How Hydropower Operations Mitigate Flow Forecast Uncertainties to Maintain Grid Services in the Western U.S.
Hydropower facilities represent a key electricity generating resource in the U.S. Western Interconnection. These facilities may rely upon forecasts of inflow when scheduling relea…
Incorporating gas-phase chemistry into the Unified Forecast System (UFS) for global air quality applications
The Unified Forecast System (UFS) is a community-based Earth modeling system designed to support operational forecasts at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA…
Predictive Understanding of Wildfire Ignitions across the Western United States
11pt, fleqn, a4paper, ]LegrandOrangeBook Wildfires have increasingly affected human and natural systems across the western United States (WUS) in recent decades. Given that t…
Hourly Nitrogen Oxides Emissions Estimated From TEMPO and Comparison With Facility-Level Monitoring Data
We use the directional derivative approach (DDA) to estimate hourly NOx emissions from NO2 measured by the Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO) instrument. The …
Near-inertial wave trapping inside a fine-scale anticyclonic eddy during the BioSWOT-Med 2023 cruise: turbulence and en…
Near-inertial waves (NIWs) are an important source of turbulence for the ocean interior. Mesoscale anticyclonic eddies are known to facilitate their propagation at depth while tra…
Organic matter stoichiometry regulates the continental shelf carbon pump efficiency of the northwest European shelf seas
Variations in the elemental C:N:P ratios of organic matter (OM) influence carbon cycling and the coupling of carbon and nutrient cycles in the global coastal and open oceans. In t…
The sea surface height spectrum of internal waves
Internal waves and geostrophic motions contribute to sea surface height (SSH) variability at submesoscales. While geostrophic motions have a well-defined signature in SSH, the con…
Retrieving tropospheric Water Vapor and Temperature from Refractivity over Tropical Oceans: A deep learning approach fo…
Tropical tropospheric water vapor plays a critical role in Earth's energy balance by enhancing greenhouse effect, regulating cloud formation and precipitation, and amplifying c…
Revisiting the Relevance to Forecasting SEP Events for Space Exploration
The space radiation environment consists of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) and Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs). Human space missions beyond the Earth’s magnetosphere require effecti…
Incorporating image inpainting with machine learning for pollution source identification under spatial data sparsity an…
Pollution source identification (PSI) plays an important part in watershed environmental sensing for water resources management. Machine learning have been developed for PSI by di…
From Standard to Bayesian: Revisiting Ocean Color Model Evaluation
• We develop Bayesian ocean color algorithms that provide robust uncertainty estimates for chlorophyll-a predictions. • Bayesian model selection using BIC outperforms traditional …
From Gaps to Generalization: Predicting CO2 over European Urban Areas from Targeted Satellite Observations Using Machin…
This study presents a machine learning framework to predict CO2 over European urban regions using NO2 satellite observations, reanalysis meteorological variables, and vegetation i…
An unstructured Voronoi mesh framework for large scale hydrologic and land surface models
Accurate representation of river networks and land surface heterogeneity is crucial for improving the performance of continental-to-global hydrologic and land surface models (LSMs…
For all Humankind: Peaceful, Ethical, Cooperative, and Curiosity-Driven Space Science and Space Weather Research
Are we moving into a new reality where the next human stepping onto a different world will utter “ That’s one small step for me, a giant leap for my country” ? Is further tighte…
Predicting Minnesota lake ice phenology with deep learning, explainable methods, and a physically based benchmark, 1980…
Globally, lakes are losing ice cover, but our understanding of the rates and variability of change are biased towards few lakes with long-term records. Recent works have used remo…
CBC Variation in Hemp Cultivars
Abstract: Rationale Cannabichromene (CBC) is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid attracting significant interest for its potential therapeutic applications. However, the factors govern…
Size-Dependent Melting Behavior of Ultrafine Fault Rocks
Dynamic weakening during earthquake ruptures is essential for accommodating fault slip and controlling seismic energy release. This weakening is localized within narrow principal …
Inconsistencies in GRACE-based groundwater storage estimation - a call for a proper use of land surface models
Estimating groundwater storage (GWS) anomalies by subtracting model-derived components from GRACE terrestrial water storage (TWS) anomalies is a common practice in hydrology. Typi…
A comparative study of subsurface stormflow at three trenched hillslopes: sources, pathways and tracer behaviour
Subsurface stormflow (SSF) is a key runoff generation mechanism in small catchments, yet its dynamics and thresholds remain poorly understood due to the challenges of observing an…
Constraining greenhouse gas cycling and emissions in Africa's largest humic lake
Humic tropical lakes and wetlands are globally important sources of atmospheric greenhouse gases (GHGs). However, mechanistic insight into GHG cycling in such systems remains limi…
Soil buffers the impact of precipitation variability on ecosystem function
Water availability governs ecosystem productivity, yet estimates of vegetation sensitivity to water can differ greatly depending on whether the sensitivity is examined spatially o…
First measurements of CFC-12 in 1951 at Jungfraujoch and comparison to current measurements and atmospheric models
Abstract We prove results on unique continuation at the boundary for the solutions of real analytic elliptic partial differential equations of the form \begin{equation} \sum_{i,j=…
Multivariate Bias Correction of ERA5 Using in-situ Observations for Planning and Engineering
Climate risk analyses for infrastructure are typically performed using a point-based frame of reference. However, the atmospheric data that informs these decisions often comes fro…
Depth-dependent mantle fabrics and anisotropy beneath Alaska revealed by full-wave SKS splitting intensity tomography
Alaska’s tectonic complexity makes it ideal for probing upper mantle deformation. We present a 3D shear-wave anisotropy model obtained by inverting 7,985 SKS splitting intensities…
High-latitude Joule heating in TIE-GCM 3.0: impact of model version, convection forcing, and grid resolution evaluated …
We systematically evaluate the high-latitude Joule heating of the Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIE-GCM), especially the recently released mod…
The perfect storm: human influence on the loss potential of Eunice-like cyclones
Storm Eunice was a severe windstorm that impacted Central Europe in February 2022. The meteorology and synoptic dynamics of Eunice have been studied in depth in several studies ex…
DL4GAM: a multi-modal Deep Learning-based framework for Glacier Area Monitoring, trained and validated on the European …
Glaciers play a critical role in our society, impacting everything from sea-level rise and access to clean water to the tourism industry. Their accelerated melt represents a key i…
Structural accommodation as a coastal adaptation response to sea-level rise: lessons from Europe
Global sea-level rise is intensifying pressures on coastal regions, increasing the need for adaptation strategies (e.g., protect, retreat, accommodate). At the same time, decision…
A new orthogonal geomagnetic coordinate system : The Generalized Eccentric Dipole
The study of near-Earth’s plasma environment relies heavily on accurate geomagnetic coordinate systems. Dipole systems, like the Centered and Eccentric Dipole approximations, offe…
Rate effects and apparent time-dependent strength of landslide shear zones
Landslides, earthflows, and volcano slope failures often initiate along shear zones containing gouge layers similar to those in tectonic faults, yet their near-surface frictional …
Performance of an S-metolachlor capsule suspension for barnyardgrass control and crop tolerance in fenclorim-treated ri…
Barnyardgrass is the most problematic weed of delayed-flooded rice systems in the mid-southern U.S. Recent findings suggest that acetochlor can achieve effective barnyardgrass con…
Declines in conifer recovery and forest loss from four decades of wildfire in California
Wildfires in California are encroaching into dense forests and becoming more severe. Past research has tracked wildfires’ impact on these natural lands, yet there remains a critic…
Strong Fault Interaction in Double-Vergence Structure: Lessons from the 2022 Yuli Earthquake and the 2022 Chihshang Ear…
The Longitudinal Valley Fault (LVF) and the Central Range Fault (CRF) in eastern Taiwan consist of a head-to-head double-vergence structure hosting disastrous earthquakes. It was …
Evolution of ice tensile strength with grain size: Implications for future mass loss from Pine Island Glacier
Fracture development weakens glacier ice over decadal to century timescales, enabling more rapid flow and mass loss. Modeling this fracture evolution depends on the value of ice s…
Oxygenated Organosulfates Are an Effective Nucleation Precursor in Mixed Biogenic and Anthropogenic Environments
Aerosol nucleation accounts for the majority of secondary aerosols, yet it is unclear how biogenic and anthropogenic chemical precursors contribute to nucleation in mixed atmosphe…
Auroral Ionospheric Erosion at Jupiter
The generation of Jupiter’s main auroral oval is dominated by broadband-energy electron beams, in contrast with the dominance of peaked electron energy spectra at Earth. Wave-part…
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