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Showing 19051 to 19100 of 22070 works

Bed Topography Controls and Triggering Threshold on Neck Cutoff Dynamics: Insights from a Highly Sinuous Meandering Riv…

Neck cutoffs regulate river's sinuosity by creating shorter flow paths, disrupting the channel stability while leaving geological features of meander scars and oxbow lakes. The pa…

Understanding the flow mechanism of rock glaciers of Mars through analogue modeling

Viscous Flow Features (VFFs) on Mars, predominantly composed of water ice and debris (analogous to terrestrial rock glaciers), provide crucial insights into the planet’s glacial h…

Statistical Analysis of Machine Learning-Derived Equatorial Plasma Bubble Characteristics from Airglow Observations in …

The EPB (equatorial plasma bubble) evolutionary behavior in the Chinese sector remains poorly understood due to insufficient long-term statistical characterization. Leveraging pri…

Global picture of lunar basalt chronology based on the automatic classification of craters

One major pathway for studying lunar volcanism evolution is to construct a timeline for the emplacement of basalts. The crater size-frequency distribution is a pivotal method for …

Anisotropic stress history effects in erodible sediment beds

Bedload transport occurs when the shear stress, or non-dimensional Shields stress, imparted by a fluid onto a sediment bed exceeds a critical value for sediment entrainment. The h…

A Unified Multi-Variable Spatiotemporal Downscaling Approach for High-Resolution Tropical Cyclone Detection Using Deep …

The spatiotemporal resolution of the model plays a crucial role in accurately simulating the impact range, path evolution, and duration of the lifecycle of tropical cyclones. In t…

Post-monsoon Pollution Events in the Indo-Gangetic Plain Using 18 years [2007-2024] of IASI Carbon Monoxide Satellite M…

In recent years, the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) has experienced recurring intense air pollution episodes during the post-monsoon season (October–November), posing significant healt…

Evaluating the Impact of Meteorological Forcing Data Uncertainty on Watershed Model Performance and Parameter Uncertain…

Meteorological forcing data uncertainty is a major source of uncertainty in hydrologic models, affecting watershed model performance and contributing to other model uncertainties.…

Hadley Cell Instability as a Driver of Tropical Depression-Type Waves

A recent theory proposes that tropical depression (TD)-type waves grow by flattening the mean meridional moisture gradient, consequently weakening the Hadley Cell. To evaluate thi…

Finger Millet in the Western Himalayas: A Novel Exploration of Adaptability and Sustainability in High-Altitude Agricul…

In the temperate Western Himalayan regions of Kashmir, this study systematically assessed the performance of finger millet under diverse establishment methods and fertility levels…

Physicochemical Constraints on the Abiotic Polymerization of Nucleotides into RNA

One of the key steps in the origin of life is the polymerization of nucleotides into nucleic acids like RNA. In this study, the energetic impact of temperature, pressure and compo…

Assimilation of All-sky Infrared and Microwave Radiances from Four 2017 Atlantic Season Tropical Cyclones

Satellite infrared (IR) and microwave (MW) radiances provide complementary information on tropical cyclones (TCs), with IR radiances informing on cloud locations, sizes, and cloud…

TP retrieval of Small Water Bodies Based on High-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery

Eutrophication, driven by increasing total phosphorus (TP) concentrations, poses a significant threat to water quality in the Yangtze River Delta. The rapid industrialization and …

Growing Up With Sea Level Rise - Perspectives on Marsh Adaptation in the Wadden Sea

This study examines the resilience of Wadden Sea salt marshes under accelerating sea level rise conditions. The Wadden Sea emerged through marine deposition following the Last Gla…

Exposing the Forcing of the Global and Nino 3.4 Temperatures to higher levels by the South East Asian Aerosol Plume usi…

The Historical Experiment (HE) assesses the CMIP6 climate models against the known climate (1850-2014) where carbon dioxide (CO2), the global temperature and aerosols have followe…

Interactive effect of staggered sowing and genotype on pearl millet productivity under semiarid Sub-Saharan climatic co…

In climate-change-vulnerable, food-insecure semiarid Sub-Saharan regions, limited studies compare the performance of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.)] landraces and improved …

Impact of Seasonality on Climate Outcomes for Mid Latitude Marine Cloud Brightening

Most previous studies on marine cloud brightening (MCB) have focused on deployment over the subtropical stratocumulus cloud decks which persistently result in non-uniform cooling …

Humidity-Determined Distributions of Surface Oxygen

Previous studies of atmospheric oxygen (O2) have commonly analyzed dry air after eliminating water vapor, neglecting the discarded fraction of (anoxic) air. Under such conditions,…

The NCAR-TIEGCM Version 3.0

A new version of the US National Science Foundation National Center for Atmospheric Research (NSF NCAR) thermosphere-ionosphere-electrodynamics general circulation model (TIEGCM) …

Origin of intense plasma depletions after midnight over the Korean Peninsula during the geomagnetic storm on 11 May 2024

A band of total electron content (TEC) depletions of about 15 TEC unit passed over the Korean Peninsula after midnight during the geomagnetic storm on 11 May 2024. This magnitude …

Racial Disparities in Weather-Related Mortality in Virginia

Objectives: To examine racially driven disparities in weather-related mortality in Virginia from 2005-2020. Study Design: An ecological and policy-based descriptive study using da…

Probabilistic Data Assimilation for Ensemble Distribution Projections with Generative Machine Learning: A Lorenz '96 Pr…

• A probabilistic data assimilation framework targeting not trajectories but distributions, including uncertainty quantification, is presented. • A probability density function em…

DL4GAM: a multi-modal Deep Learning-based framework for Glacier Area Monitoring, trained and validated on the European …

Glaciers play a critical role in our society, impacting everything from our access to clean water to the tourism industry. Their accelerated melt represents a key indicator of the…

On the Sensitivity of Climate Sensitivity in a coupled climate model

• Cloud feedbacks, particularly the cloud shortwave radiation term, dominate the climate sensitivity of GISS-E2.1-G. • We have set the stage to eliminate some of the climate sensi…

Quality Control Measures for Enhancing Confidence in Nanoscale IR spectroscopy

Photo-induced Force Microscopy (PiFM) is a nanoanalytical, surface-sensitive new-frontier technique that provides infrared spectroscopy for molecular imaging at a spatial resoluti…

Benefit of MAGIC and multi-pair quantum satellite gravity missions in Earth science applications

We evaluate simulations for single-, double-and multiple-pair satellite gravimetry missions with respect to applications in hydrology, sea level budgeting, and solid Earth science…

Controls on brGDGT production in the seasonally anoxic water column and sediments of Rotsee

\sout\sout Reliable paleotemperature proxies are essential for reconstructing past climate. To better understand the temperature sensitivity of the MBT’5ME index—based on bacteria…

Near-term forecasts of dissolved organic matter exhibit consistent patterns of accuracy across multiple freshwater rese…

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays an important role in aquatic carbon cycling and is a valuable metric of ecosystem functioning and water quality in freshwater ecosystems. Desp…

Impacts of Urbanization and Ecological Engineering on Water Availability and Terrestrial Water Cycle in Arid Regions: A…

Over recent decades, rapid societal development and global population growth have driven urbanization and ecological engineering measures to significantly alter the material and e…

Dynamics of downdrafts around a growing convective cloud: A numerical study

We examine the dynamics of cloud-edge downdrafts over the growth phase of isolated cumuli, combining Eulerian and Lagrangian analyses. As in previous studies, our results show tha…

Sky View Factor Analysis for a Compact Self-Contained Urban University Campus: A Case Study of IIT Gandhinagar

Climate change has led to increasing incidences of heat waves in urban India over the past decade. Despite this, many residents need to walk from one area to another to meet their…

Mapping Flood Susceptibility Using Random Forest Exploiting Satellite Observations and Geomorphic Features

Flood events rank among the most destructive natural hazards, necessitating comprehensive risk management strategies to mitigate their impact on society and the environment. Vario…

Spatial Variability and Health Risk Assessment of Fluoride Contaminated Groundwater in Eastern India Using Machine Lear…

Higher fluoride (F −) concentration in groundwater is a major environmental and public health risk worldwide. This study explores the possible sources viz. geological, and anthrop…

Differentiable river routing for end-to-end learning of hydrological processes

Deep Learning (DL) approaches have shown high accuracy in rainfall runoff modeling. Currently, however, large-scale DL hydrological simulations at national and global scales still…

Season-Net: A Deep Learning Framework Bias Correction of Seasonal Forecasting Models

Seasonal climate forecasts play a crucial role in decision-making across sectors like agriculture, energy, and disaster management. However, these forecasts often exhibit spatiall…

Multiple cloud feedbacks from a single perturbation experiment

We document the large range of cloud feedback that can be obtained from a single perturbation experiment run by a single atmospheric global climate model. The wide range of feedba…

Deriving WMO cloud classes from ground-based RGB pictures with a residual neural network ensemble

Clouds of various kinds play a substantial role in a wide variety of atmospheric processes. They are directly linked to the formation of precipitation, and significantly affect th…

Python implementation of Bézier surfaces for 3D modeling and visualization of geological structures

For the first time, interactive 3D HTML modeling and visualization of geological structures derived from classic surface geological information have been developed in a Python env…

A long-term study of the variability of polar-cap patches using Advanced Modular Incoherent Scatter Radars (AMISRs)

The polar cap ionosphere is a dynamic and intricately structured environment that plays host to polar cap patches and other mesoscale density formations. These phenomena can lead …

Exploring geothermal potential in the southern Vienna Basin (Austria) using probabilistic ambient-noise tomography

Surface-wave ambient noise tomography (ANT) has proven to be a cost-effective and reliable tool for imaging sedimentary basins when coupled with dense nodal seismic arrays. Here, …

Whose weather is it? A fairness framework for data-driven weather forecasting

As data-driven weather forecasting models increasingly come in operational use, questions of fairness and equitable access to forecast improvements are gaining urgency. This paper…

Will assimilating VIIRS AOD data improve New Delhi's air pollution forecasts as much as assimilating MODIS AOD?

This study examines whether fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air quality forecasts in New Delhi will benefit from assimilation of Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) …

Seasonal variability of nitrate concentrations below the root zone: A monthly predictive modelling approach

NLES5 is an empirical model extensively used for estimating annual nitrate leaching from the root zone. The model is based on leaching data obtained by multiplying the measured ni…

Machine Learning Approach to Pore-Proxy in Benthic Foraminifera for Paleo- Reconstruction of Dissolved Oxygen in a Lago…

Although pore morphometrics in benthic foraminifera serve as a proxy for dissolved oxygen (DO) and nitrate (NO3-) reconstruction in oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), their applicabilit…

Spatial-temporal Characteristics of Soil Water Deficits in Precipitation-Abundant Heterogeneous Karst Hillslopes

Under global climate change, the uncertainty of soil drought stress risks is increasing. However, existing research still lacks sufficient assessment of drought impacts on soils i…

Global Diversity of Marine Heatwave Evolutions

Marine heatwaves (MHWs) – discrete and prolonged warm ocean temperature extremes–have been widely investigated based on satellite sea surface temperature observations. However, mo…

Modeling Non-Tidal Surface Fluid Loading Signatures in Global Vertical GNSS Displacements with a Deep Learning Framework

Daily Global Navigation Satellite Systems' (GNSS) displacement time series are commonly used to study the deformation of the Earth's surface. Deformations result from tectonic a…

Seismic Characterization of Lahars on Volcán de Fuego Toward the Development of a Machine Learning-Based Detection Algo…

Lahars are among the most frequent hazards associated with Volcán de Fuego, Guatemala. Despite their recurrence, early detection and automated alerts remain challenging since they…

Multitaper magnitude-squared coherence for time series with missing data: Understanding oscillatory processes traced by…

• Haley (2021) extended the multitaper method for estimating magnitude-squared coherence (MSC) to accommodate time series with missing data • We demonstrate missing-data multitape…

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