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Showing 18751 to 18800 of 22070 works
Milankovitch's dilemma and the case for Earth Orbit Eccentricity as the primary parameter pacing the Ice Ages
The Milankovitch astronomical theory of the ice ages postulates variations in obliquity (Earth axis tilt) paces the formation of glaciers/ice sheets. His dilemma was whether decre…
Unveiling Critical Upper-Tropospheric Dynamics Conducive to Extreme Precipitation: A Diagnostic Example from the North …
Upper-tropospheric systems demonstrate greater persistence, stability, and predictability than those at middle-to-lower troposphere, making the understanding of upper-tropospheric…
Automatic earthquake catalogs from a permanent DAS offshore network
Applying Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) to sense offshore telecom cables offers a unique opportunity to expand permanent seismological networks far offshore with an unpreceden…
Impact of planting density on sunflower yield in Eastern Ukraine
• Sunflower is a key crop in Ukraine, accounting for over 30% of global sunflower oil production. Recent studies emphasize optimizing cultivation technologies, particularly planti…
Mesoscale Ocean Processes: The Critical Role of Stratification in the Icelandic Region
The oceanic region around Iceland, a key component of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, plays a critical role in global climate through its complex system of surfac…
What Happens Below? Contrasting Subsurface Water and Dissolved Carbon Dynamics Beneath Young and Old Forests
Forest plantations have occurred prevalently across the globe to meet timber demand. Young forest plantations (young forests) differ from naturally regenerated old-growth forests …
Anthropogenic climate change worsened recent declines in freshwater availability in India
Despite formidable evidence of the role of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions in the Earth’s climate system, detection of anthropogenic climate change in Indian freshwater res…
The role of synoptic circulations in lower-tropospheric DSE variability over a South Asian heatwave hotspot
We examine the role of the synoptic-scale circulation in the distribution of day-day changes of 600-900 hPa dry static energy (DSE) in a heatwave hotspot in northwest South Asia. …
Comparison of Deep-Learning Versus Manual Seismic Arrival-Time Picks Based on Quality of High-Precision Earthquake Loca…
Earthquake locations and catalogs from routine earthquake monitoring are typically based on manually reviewed arrival-time picks from classical, rule-based automatic pickers. High…
Hybrid-Modeling of Land-Atmosphere Fluxes Using Integrated Machine Learning in the ICON-ESM Modeling Framework
The water and carbon exchange between the land surface and the atmosphere is regulated by meteorological conditions and plant physiological processes. Traditional mechanistic mode…
Low- and High-temperature Alteration in Fractured Rock Impacts the Habitability of the Continental Deep Biosphere
not-yet-known not-yet-known not-yet-known unknown Rock fracture surfaces in the crust serve as essential habitat …
Modeling the Air Quality Impacts of Future Energy Scenarios
Despite significant improvements in U.S. air quality in recent decades, many areas still experience exceedances of air quality standards. As some states mitigate climate change im…
Seasonal Variations of Methane Emissions from a Urumqi Landfill in China and its driving factors using Hyperspectral Sa…
Methane emissions from landfills represent a crucial yet inadequately quantified component of the global methane budget. Hyperspectral satellites offer advanced monitoring capabil…
A Deep-Learning Based Parameter Inversion Framework for Large-Scale Groundwater Models
Hydrogeologic models generally require gridded subsurface properties, however these inputs are often difficult to obtain and highly uncertain. Parametrizing computationally-expens…
Predicting of future frictional behaviors on experiment fault surfaces: A Transformer Architecture approach
Friction governs fault mechanics, including earthquake initiation, energy dissipation during slip events, and the evolution of fault strength. Predicting future frictional behavio…
Extreme Sahelian Rainfall Continues to Rise Despite Stable Storm Frequency
We investigate trends in strong Sahelian mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) and extreme precipitation over the last 40+ years using observational and reanalysis datasets. We show…
Coeval Holocene stalagmites record linkages between ENSO and Rocky Mountain hydroclimate for the past 2800 years
The El Niño Southern Oscillation and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) are key drivers of cool-season precipitation variability in the western United States, including the Rocky M…
In-Situ Measurements of Sensible Heat Fluxes in a Tropical Cyclone
Sensible heat fluxes play a major role in the formation and dynamics of Tropical Cyclones, however in-situ measurements of these fluxes have been impeded by the challenging and ex…
Exploiting multi-objective reinforcement learning and explainable artificial intelligence to navigate robust regional w…
Urban water utilities are adopting more advanced dynamic and adaptive infrastructure investment frameworks in the face of hydrologic extremes, accelerating demand, and financial c…
The Impact of CO₂-Driven Vegetation Changes on the Future of Flash Drought
Vegetation plays a crucial role in soil moisture regulation and the development of rapid-onset droughts known as flash droughts. We use climate model experiments with the Communit…
Flood Inundation Modelling using the Surface Water Ocean Topography Mission
Flood risk management and mapping require detailed river bathymetry information. However, these data are difficult to obtain for most rivers. Methods have been proposed to estimat…
The Remarkable 2024 North Atlantic Mid-Season Hurricane Lull
\papertype Original Article The 2024 North Atlantic (hereafter Atlantic) hurricane season started quickly, with the earliest Category 5 on record (Beryl) and three hurricanes for…
A Comparative Analysis of SPAD-based Leaf Transmittance and Spectral Reflectance for Rice Crop Nitrogen Management
Achieving global food security and Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2 (Zero Hunger) necessitates proper management of nitrogen (N) content in agriculture. Monitoring crop nitrog…
A model study exploring the decision loop between unilateral stratospheric aerosol injection scenario design and Earth …
Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) is being discussed as a possible approach to reduce future global warming in addition to emission cuts, and various scenarios and Earth syste…
Sustainable Development Key to Limiting Climate Change-Driven Wildfire Damages
Climate change is causing wildfires to become more frequent and intense. While predicting burned areas using bioclimatic and anthropogenic factors is an active research area, few …
Using Nighttime Light Satellite Imagery to Identify Power Outages and Affected Communities After the 2021 Western Kentu…
Accurately estimating power outage duration and extent from natural disasters is essential for prioritizing resources to protect socially and medically vulnerable communities. Tor…
SOIL TEXTURE AND FERTILIZERS AFFECT NUTRIENT LEACHING
Fertilizer applications are essential for agricultural productivity, but proper management is required to prevent nutrient leaching. This study evaluated potassium and phosphorus …
LITHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE OF MAGNETIC BEHAVIOR AND FIDELITY
The strength of Earth's magnetic field and how it has changed through time yields information about the evolution of our planet. Igneous rocks are the only record from which the a…
Genus-specific calcification dynamics in coralline algae: insights into Mg incorporation as response to Ocean Alkalinit…
The potential impacts of ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) by Ca(OH)₂ treatments were tested on coralline algae in mesocosm experiments in Vigo, Spain and Crete, Greece. Although…
RadSCape: Radiative Transfer Simulation and Validation of the Dynamic Structural and Spectral Properties of the Veget
The Greater Cape Floristic Region (GCFR), a global biodiversity hotspot, faces numerous ecological threats, including habitat loss, fragmentation, and altered fire regimes. Monito…
Impact of the NCEP TKE-based Eddy-Diffusivity Mass-Flux Boundary Layer Scheme on the Climatology and Warming Response o…
NCEP turbulent kinetic energy (TKE)-based eddy-diffusivity mass-flux (EDMF) scheme is implemented in GFDL atmospheric model (AM4.0) for improving the physical consistency of its s…
Frictional Stability and Permeability Enhancement of a Natural Granite Fracture under Monotonic and Cyclic Fluid Inject…
Cyclic fluid injection is a promising hydraulic stimulation strategy for balancing seismicity control and permeability enhancement in low-permeability underground formations. Howe…
Statistical Study on the Lower Mesospheric and Upper Stratospheric Ozone Changes Observed by Aura MLS Satellite During …
Solar eclipse events (SEs) provide an excellent natural experiment for the response of the middle atmosphere to short-term changes in solar radiation. Using Aura MLS satellite obs…
CV-GAN - A Generative Model to Simulate Global Climate Variability
Earth System Models like atmosphere-ocean coupled climate models (AOGCMs) attempt to simulate the worldwide climate for both historical periods and the future, under various forci…
Mesoscale induced vertical fluxes over the Iceland-Faroe Ridge
Mesoscale eddies play a crucial role in ocean dynamics, yet their impact on vertical heat fluxes over topographic features remains poorly understood. This study investigates the I…
Implementation and evaluation of emission-driven land-atmosphere coupled simulation in E3SMv2.1
Emissions-driven simulations, which prognostically simulate atmospheric CO₂ concentrations, are crucial for capturing the dynamic carbon-climate interactions. We implement an emis…
Three Drivers of 21st-Century Changes in Ocean Tides
Numerical model simulations are conducted to study the response of barotropic ocean tides to 21st-century climate change, as manifested by sea level rise, increasing ocean strat…
Stratospheric impact of the anomalous 2023 Canadian wildfires
The climate-altering potential of wildfires through their emissions into the stratosphere has only recently been realized following the major wildfire outbreaks in Canada and Aust…
Hydrothermal field and lava flow emplacement revealed by near-seafloor magnetic data on the East Pacific Rise
We analyze a dense near-seafloor magnetic survey on the eastern slope of the East Pacific Rise axial dome at 2°13’S and detect a basalt-hosted hydrothermal site with magnetization…
Enhancing Strong Solar Flare Prediction Using Convolutional Autoencoders for Anomaly Detection on HMI Magnetograms
This work attempt to address the challenge of predicting \(\ge X\)-class solar flares, which are highly destructive but rare, leading to imbalanced datasets that restrict effectiv…
Exploiting Machine Learning to Develop Ocean Color Retrievals from the Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution …
• The TEMPO instrument is an ideal proxy to explore future capabilities of planned geostationary ocean color instruments GLIMR and GeoXO OCX • Machine learning can be utilized to …
Impacts of the 2023 Marine Heatwave in the Florida Keys: Detection and Analysis of a Mass Coral Bleaching Event Using S…
Coral reefs are facing several stressors, such as increases in sea surface temperature, eutrophication, hurricanes, and increased sedimentation, resulting in reef-decline worldwid…
Magnetization of oceanic lithosphere from modelling of satellite observations
Satellite magnetic observations map linear anomalies related to remanent magnetization within oceanic lithosphere-Forward models informed by plate tectonic reconstructions show br…
Flood Damage Evaluation for Buildings in a Small Island Developing State
Flooding poses significant social and economic challenges for Small Island Developing States (SIDS). Despite frequent and damaging flood events, SIDS are underrepresented among gl…
Computationally efficient subglacial drainage modeling using Gaussian Process emulators: GlaDS-GP v1.0
Subglacial drainage models represent water flow at the ice–bed interface through coupled distributed and channelized systems to determine water pressure, discharge and drainage sy…
Global structure of the cislunar magnetotail and its evolution during substorms
So far, the structure and dynamics of the terrestrial magnetotail have largely been investigated within $31R_E$ ($R_E$ is the Earth’s radius) because of the lack of in-situ observ…
Quantifying the Modes of Natural Climate Variability over North America
Precipitation and temperature anomalies in North America are influenced by multiple climate patterns depending on region and season. Here we present an observational analysis of f…
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