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Showing 18601 to 18650 of 22070 works
Implications of Using Spheroidal CMEs in Solar-wind Models
Space-weather forecasting requires advanced prediction of the arrival time and properties of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in near-Earth space. Kinematic properties of CMEs close …
Spatial attribution of temporal variability in global land-atmosphere CO 2 exchange using a model-data integration fram…
• We spatially attribute the variability of global CO 2 fluxes using estimates from SINDBAD, a simple process-based model with data fusion • SINDBAD simulates CO 2 fluxes reasonab…
Direct cooling of the atmosphere by heat transfer
Global warming is currently one of the greatest challenges to humanity. So far, the attempts to mitigate global warming have been based exclusively on the reduction of carbon diox…
Year-round 13C-CH4 reveals seasonal transition in methane-related processes in a boreal mire
While boreal mires are known to be significant natural source of methane (CH4), the seasonal variation of the processes involved in emission and their controls are still poorly un…
Effects of Europa Surface Desiccation Processes on Infrared Reflectance Spectra of Hydrated Salts
Europa’s leading hemisphere is composed of water-ice and hydrated salts, indicated by near-IR water-related spectral features. NaCl also exists on Europa’s surface [1], which has …
Detection of annual-scale interplate coupling variations using intraplate earthquakes and geodetic data: Application to…
We propose a method to infer detailed spatiotemporal variations in inter-plate coupling by integrating geodetic and seismic data. It examines whether focal mechanisms of intraplat…
Instantaneous radiative effect of surface long wave spectral emissivity in a Snowball Earth simulation
Spectrally dependent emission by the surface (i.e., surface spectral emissivity) is commonly ignored by current climate models. Surface spectral emissivity matters more in cold an…
Parametric study of the performance of an electrostatic analyzer with an hemispheric field-of-view based on the donut t…
• A parametric study of electrostatic analyzers based on the donut topology with a 0-20keV energy range was conducted • A set of 3 construction parameters can be used to carefully…
Rethinking the Filling Process of Mega-dam Cascades
The filling process of large hydropower reservoirs is an often-overlooked process that can attract most of the attention and criticisms of a dam’s lifetime. Understanding what dro…
Analysis of South Atlantic Anomaly Influence on Low-Earth Orbit Lightning Observations
The low-Earth orbit Optical Transient Detector (OTD) and Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) instruments, spanning 1995-2023, have spatiotemporal patterns within their metadata that ar…
What low-cost sensors can tell us about urban micro-climates: a case study around London's Olympic Park
Urban sensor deserts call for a densification of weather sensor networks to provide climate information to local residents and decision-makers. In this study, we evaluate the usab…
Fourier Neural Operators for Accelerating Earthquake Dynamic Rupture Simulations
Dynamic rupture modeling plays a crucial role in unraveling earthquake source processes. However, the multiscale nature of rupture propagation pose significant challenges, and cla…
Assessing the productivity and forage potential of spring-planted cover crops in semiarid western Nebraska
Integrating cover crops (CCs) into cropping systems offers multiple benefits, including soil erosion control, nitrogen cycling, organic matter buildup, weed suppression, and lives…
Using Magnesium Hydroxide for Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement: Elucidating the Role of Formation Conditions on Material Pr…
Mg(OH)2 holds potential as an alkalinity source for Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (OAE). It is a current byproduct of desalination treatment through the alkalinity exchange of elec…
A Universal Solution to Prairie Pothole Hydrology: Enhancing Generality and Implementation Across Hydrological Models
Modelling the streamflow of low-lying, flat, and pothole-dominated prairie or arctic regions poses challenges due to variable non-contributing areas that influence the translation…
Deep Neural Networks for SS Wave Database Construction: Refining the Iceland Mantle Plume Location in the Deep Mantle
SS precursors are crucial for probing mantle discontinuities and thermal structure but constructing high-quality SS datasets—essential for precursor analysis—remains labor-intensi…
Improved high resolution heat exposure assessment with personal weather stations and spatiotemporal Bayesian models
Most of the United States (US) population resides in cities, where they are subjected to the urban heat island (UHI) effect. In this study, we develop a method to estimate hourly …
War under the Sun: exploring the plausible connection between solar storms and unexplained terrestrial events during WW…
Understanding the impact of space weather on Earth’s systems is essential not only for revisiting historical events but also for assessing its potential influence on technological…
Local wind speed forecasting at short time horizons based on Numerical Weather Prediction and observations from surroun…
This study presents a hybrid neural network model for short-term (1-6 hours ahead) surface wind speed forecasting, combining Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) with observational …
Morphodynamic Foundations of Sumer
Economic mechanisms behind the emergence of state structures in ancient Sumer remain unavoidably speculative and should benefit from a better understanding of their environmental …
Dynamic Evolution of Large-scale Ionospheric Convection Observed by SuperDARN during the 10-11 May 2024 Super Geomagnet…
The newly-built Chinese Dual Auroral Radar Network (CN-DARN) enhances the ability of the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) to image instantaneous large-scale ionospheri…
Probabilistic, Multi-sensor Eruption Forecasting
We developed an eruption forecasting model using data from multiple sensors or data streams with the Bayesian Network method. The model generates probabilistic forecasts that are …
The Impacts of Zonal and Meridional Winds on the Observed Occurrence Rate of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles
Equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) are regions of irregular ionospheric plasma densities that typically form during the post-sunset hours. EPB formation is believed to be influenced…
Effects of Proton Precipitation in Global Ionosphere Thermosphere Model During the 17 March 2013 Geomagnetic Storm
Auroral precipitation plays a crucial role as an energy source for the lower thermosphere in high-latitude regions. In this study, we have implemented proton precipitation in the …
The Origins of Africa's Upper Mantle Discontinuities
Enigmatic discontinuities in the upper mantle beneath Africa, such as the mid-lithosphere and X-discontinuities, have prompted various ideas regarding their causes. However, most …
Observation and simulation of methane plumes during the morning boundary layer transition
Methane (CH 4 ) contributes significantly to global warming. However, accurate identification of CH 4 sources for reducing CH 4 emissions is often hampered by inadequate accuracy …
Unusual Phase Alignment of Nighttime Medium-Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbance During Recovery Phase of a Magnetic…
We observed a nighttime medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbance (MSTID) over Japan on 17 March 2003, during the recovery phase of a moderate geomagnetic storm. Unlike typic…
Interpreting ice anisotropy of Greenland's fastest outlet glacier using basal icequakes
• We infer anisotropic ice fabric inside the ice stream of Greenland's fastest flowing outlet glacier using seismic shear wave splitting • The measured horizontal cone fabric indi…
Stratospheric Injection Lifetimes
not-yet-known not-yet-known not-yet-known unknown Material injected to the stratosphere by volcanoes and pyrocumu…
On the Swarm satellite thermosphere density observations during the 2015 St Patrick's Day geomagnetic storm
Drag affecting satellites in low Earth orbit varies significantly during geomagnetic storms due to changes in thermospheric density. While neutral density can be inferred from sat…
Pressure gauges and satellite altimetry ensure the continuity of the Florida Current transport observations
The Florida Current (FC) is the beginning of the Gulf Stream and a key contributor to the meridional overturning and horizontal gyre circulations in the subtropical North Atlantic…
Deep Learning Supports Cross-Regional Debris Flow Warning: A Case Study of Two Regions
Debris flows pose significant threats to human life, property, and socioeconomic development. While deep learning combined with seismic signals shows promise for warning systems…
Differences in Regional Home Heating Behavior in Three U.S. Cities Revealed by Ground-Based Sensor Network
Home heating preferences vary dramatically with regional climate. The temperature at which residents turn on natural gas home heating systems (critical temperature) varies by as m…
Sedimentation and growth of volcanic aerosols within the Hunga plume: Insights from unique tropical in situ and satelli…
The Hunga eruption was an unprecedented event which influenced stratospheric aerosols. This study analyzes the unique dynamics of aerosol plumes using balloon measurements from th…
Defining the agricultural wet season over Africa using satellite soil moisture
The wet season is typically defined based on daily precipitation accumulation, which represents water inputs but does not account for losses from evaporation, infiltration, and ru…
Impact of Airborne Radio Occultation Observations on Short Term Precipitation Forecasts of an Atmospheric River
Atmospheric River Reconnaissance (AR Recon) collects targeted observations during major winter weather events associated with heavy precipitation and flooding on the US West Coast…
GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION MAPPING OF RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT AND DEOXYNIVALENOL ACCUMULATION AND HAPLOTYPE ANA…
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is an economically damaging fungal disease of barley. Improving host resistance to FHB and the resultant accumulation of mycotoxins produced by Fusarium…
Drought limits foliar water uptake in C3 perennial grasses
Rain, fog, and dew can all provide the conditions necessary to induce direct uptake of water into the foliage of plants. Although grasslands are known to have frequent leaf-wettin…
Empirical Quantification of Topobathymetric LiDAR System Resolution using Modulation Transfer Function
Topobathymetric scanning lidar deployed on unmanned aerial systems (UAS) is a powerful tool for high-resolution mapping of the dynamic interface between topography and bathymetry.…
Shoreline Prediction Models: A Review of the Evolution from Empirical to AI Machine Learning Approaches
The dynamic nature of coastal zones is characterized by continuous change in shoreline position due to natural and anthropogenic processes. These changes present challenges for co…
Development of 1D Hybrid Hydromechanical Models for Real-Time Forecasting of Induced Seismicity Rate
Hydraulic stimulations play an important role in Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) by increasing the permeability of the host rock and facilitating more efficient fluid circulatio…
The Energy Exascale Earth System Model Version 3. Part I: Overview of the Atmospheric Component
This paper describes the atmospheric component of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) version 3. Significant updates have been made to the at…
Magma storage below Sabancaya volcano (Southern Peru) imaged by broad band magnetotellurics
• First comprehensive magnetotelluric survey of the high-risk Sabancaya volcano, providing new insights • A conceptual model for the plumbing system is derived from a 3D resistivi…
Seismic Source Mechanism of the Tsunami near the Sofu Seamount on October 8, 2023
On October 8, 2023, between 18:50 and 22:00, a cluster of earthquakes occurred near Torishima Island, and a tsunami advisory was issued for the surrounding areas. Previous studies…
An Observation of Medium-scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances by Mid-latitude SuperDARN Radars in Asia
Medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) are wave-like perturbations in the ionosphere. Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) radars are powerful tools for …
Submesoscale air-sea interactions as revealed by SWOT
At midlatitudes, air-sea interactions have been documented in numerical models, in situ campaigns and satellite observations down to the ocean mesoscales. However little is known …
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