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Showing 17501 to 17550 of 22070 works
Methane Emissions to the Atmosphere from the Scotia and Weddell Seas
The Southern Ocean’s role in the global methane (CH4) cycle remains uncertain due to limited measurement data from this remote region. It is unclear if the Southern Ocean acts as …
The Utility of a Hyperspectral Infrared Imager for Crewed Exploration of Planetary Bodies
Planetary analog simulations are a powerful exercise for understanding the utility of deployable instruments, their operational protocols, and the visualization of data products d…
Ice-nucleating particles are emitted by raindrop impact
Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) play a key role in ice formation and cloud microphysics and thus significantly impact the water cycle and the climate. However, our understanding o…
Widespread and thick weathering layer promotes rapid infiltration beneath steep topography in the Nepal Himalayas
Groundwater flow paths in mountainous regions dictate how water is transferred from the surface, through the weathering zone, and into the bedrock aquifer system. Previous studies…
Ensemble-based data assimilation improves hyperresolution snowpack simulations in forests.
Snowpack dynamics play a key role in controlling hydrological and ecological processes at various scales, but snow monitoring remains problematic. Data assimilation techniques are…
Harmonizing aerosol model parameters with retrieval property assumptions: BrC as a case study
Brown carbon (BrC) is an absorbing organic aerosol, primarily emitted through biomass burning (BB), with a large degree of variability in observed chemical and microphysical prope…
A machine learning-based dissolved organic carbon climatology
Marine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is a major carbon reservoir influencing climate, but is poorly quantified. The lack of a comprehensive DOC climatology hinders model validati…
Reduced winter-time Clear Air Turbulence in the trans-Atlantic region under Stratospheric Aerosol Injection
Clear air turbulence (CAT) is a safety threat within the aviation sector and is projected to worsen under global warming. Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) is a climate interv…
Impact of climate change on cost and cost efficiency of solar irrigation in Sub-Saharan Africa
Irrigation is considered a promising option for improving agricultural productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa. To support irrigation expansion in the region, solar-powered irrigation …
An Explainable Machine Learning model for Large-Scale Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances forecasting
Large-Scale Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances (LSTIDs) are wave-like ionospheric fluctuations, often triggered by geomagnetic storms, which play a critical role in Space Weather…
Geothermal Heat Flow Mapping of Germany Through Integration of Multi-Geophysical and Geological Data with Uncertainty Q…
Geothermal heat flow (GHF) is a critical parameter for understanding the thermal structure and dynamics of the lithosphere, offering key insights into geophysical processes and ge…
Real-time ionospheric tomography using GNSS-TEC
High-resolution ionospheric structure estimation with low latency is essential for the stable maintenance of various future services. However, no papers have yet addressed this is…
NEWTON'S LAW OF UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION IS ONLY ONE OF THE THREE LAWS OF GRAVITATIONAL INTERACTION IN THE UNIVERSE
It is shown that Newton's law of gravity is not the only law of gravitational interaction in the Universe. Newton's law of universal gravitation (FN=GmM/r^2) is only one of three …
Properties and Dispersal of a Hydrothermal Plume in a Weakly Stratified Under-Ice Environment
The Aurora vent field (82°53.83’ N, 6°15.32’ W) is located in the weakly stratified Arctic Ocean under perennial ice cover at the western edge of the ultraslow-spreading Gakkel Ri…
Bridge Clogging in Belgium and Germany during the 2021 Floods
In the summer of 2021, devastating river floods occurred in Western Europe as a result of extreme rainfall. At numerous bridges, debris accumulations were observed, exacerbating f…
An exploratory bottom-up resilience assessment framework for integrated water systems
Resilience is the ability of a system to withstand stressors while preserving its structure and functions. Various performance- and attribute-based resilience assessment framework…
Cloud feedback uncertainty in the equatorial Pacific across CMIP6 models
Cloud feedback is the largest uncertainty in estimating Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity. In this study we focus on the equatorial Pacific, where CMIP6 model cloud feedback spread …
Simple model for injection related anthropic mechanism triggering distant clusters during the 2019-2020 seismicity cris…
Deep geothermal energy is a sustainable energy source. As any activity associated to deep well injections, geothermal projects require to mitigate properly risks of triggered seis…
Can Biogeochemical Tracer Observations Constrain Southern Ocean Diapycnal Mixing Rates?
Direct observations of background diapycnal mixing rates in the Southern Ocean (SO) are limited spatially and temporally, making the choice of an appropriate value to parameterise…
Reconciling seismic and thermo-chemical models of cratonic lithosphere
Most published shear-wave (VS) velocity models of cratons include a VS increase with depth below the Moho, with a maximum at 100-150 km depth. This feature is seen in regional and…
Automatic Detection and Classification of Aurora in THEMIS All-Sky Images
We propose a novel machine learning algorithm for automatically detecting and classifying aurora in all–sky images (ASI). Our algorithm is largely trained without requiring ground…
The Journey of Sediment-Rich Mélanges in Subduction Zones
Sediment-rich mélange diapirs have been suggested to transport key chemical slab signatures and volatiles to arc magma sources. Here, we assess the phase equilibria, buoyancy and …
Optimal soil and vegetation cover estimation for global imaging spectroscopy using spectral mixture analysis
The Earth surface Mineral dust source InvesTigation (EMIT) is a visible-to- shortwave infrared imaging spectrometer currently aboard the International Space Station. Derivations o…
Global carbon monoxide retrieval from the Hyperspectral Infrared Atmospheric Sounder-II onboard FengYun-3E in a dawn-du…
This study presents an information content analysis of the retrieval of global carbon monoxide (CO) from the 2 nd generation of Hyperspectral Infrared Atmospheric Sounder on board…
Predicting Geomagnetic Activity Cycles
The vast majority of solar cycle predictions focus on predicting the 11-year sunspot cycle, while space weather and geomagnetic activity predictions are largely made for short tim…
Measurements of water-film thickness on cave walls and speleothems
A confocal optical sensor is used to quantitatively measure on-site the thickness of thin water-films on cave walls and speleothems. Results obtained from a sample of 4 prehistori…
Observations of mode-one nonlinear internal waves (NLIW) of opposite polarity in changing background conditions.
The transformation of internal waves on continental shelves is important to processes such as mass transfer, nutrient replenishment and heat transfer. We present one month of in s…
Mixing accounts for more than half of biogeochemical changes along Mode Water ventilation pathways
Mode waters are critical for ocean ventilation and carbon sequestration. Using observations, we trace their subduction pathways and biogeochemical evolution. Solving modified mixi…
In Situ Calculation of Spaceflight Magnetometer Coupling Coefficients for Interference Removal using the Reduction Algo…
Space-based in situ magnetic field measurements are often limited by spacecraft-generated interference, known as stray magnetic fields. These fields, generated by currents from sp…
CMIP6-Based Assessment of Heat Wave Characteristics in Khulna Division, Bangladesh
Heatwave (HW) events are expected to worsen due to climate change, resulting in increased societal impacts such as human illness, crop failures, wildfires, power outages, infrastr…
On AI-based large-sample emulators for land/hydrology model calibration and regionalization
AI-based model emulators have emerged as a pragmatic strategy for calibrating Earth System models or their components (e.g., land, atmosphere, ocean), circumventing the previously…
Imaging thermocline microstructure in 2D with swaths traced by wave-pumped χpods
Quasi-two-dimensional visualizations of microstructure in the thermocline are created by processing χpod signals in a non-standard way. As the moored instrument is pumped by surfa…
Comparison of Modelled Atmospheric Angular Momentum Data with Derived Geodetic Momentum
In the ongoing effort to improve Earth orientation parameter (EOP) prediction accuracy, the effect of various atmospheric models on EOP forecasts is explored. The first derivative…
Global Distribution of Ionospheric Topside Diffusive Flux and Midlatitude Electron Density Enhancement in Winter Nightt…
Ionospheric topside O + diffusive flux is derived using Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) radio occultation data, to investigate its…
Frictional Properties and Healing Behavior of Tectonic Mélanges: Implications for the Evolution of Subduction Fault Zon…
The frictional velocity dependence and healing behavior of subduction fault zones play key roles in the nucleation of stick-slip instabilities at convergent margins. Diagenetic to…
Computationally Efficient Hybrid Downscaling of Surf Zone Hydrodynamics: Methodology and Evaluation
We present a hybrid surf-zone model that combines numerical simulations and statistical/machine learning techniques, enabling accurate calculations of nearshore wave and hydrodyna…
Coupling between the subantarctic seasonal iron cycle and productivity at the Southern Ocean Time Series (SOTS)
In the Subantarctic Southern Ocean, primary productivity is predominantly limited by seasonal changes in light and iron availability, impacting the magnitude of the biological car…
A legacy of submarine slope failure in seismic reflection data along the active Hikurangi Margin, Aotearoa New Zealand
Documenting and characterising past submarine landslides is fundamental to understanding their distribution and frequency through time, and critical to assessing the associated ha…
Dual-Transformer Deep Learning Framework for Seasonal Forecasting of Great Lakes Water Levels
The Great Lakes of North America form one of the largest freshwater systems on Earth, exhibiting seasonal water level fluctuations that exceed 0.5 meters. These fluctuations pose …
Reconstructing the early flow and deposition geometry through the accretion surfaces on the Jezero Western Delta Fan, M…
The western delta fan in Jezero crater hosts one of Mars’s best-preserved examples of fluvial accretion surfaces, recently investigated by NASA’s Perseverance Rover. Erosional win…
Transformer-based joint-station seismological analysis applied to focal-mechanism determination.
Deep learning models have been widely applied in seismological signal processing, including phase picking, signal denoising, polarity determination, and phase association. But whe…
TEMPO at Night
The NASA Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO) instrument is hosted on a geostationary commercial communications satellite. TEMPO is an imaging spectrometer with…
A single tropical rainbelt in global storm-resolving models: the role of surface heat fluxes over the warm pool
Global uncoupled storm-resolving simulations using the ICOsahedral Non-hydrostatic (ICON) model with prescribed sea surface temperature show a double band of precipitation in the …
MODIS Aerosol and Low-Cloud Retrievals: Orographic Effects in the Wake of Macquarie Island
Visible/infrared imagery from passive satellites is commonly relied upon to study low cloud microphysics over ocean, including for the Southern Ocean (SO), but relatively little v…
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