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Showing 16701 to 16750 of 22070 works
Hemispheric asymmetry in stratospheric trends of HCl and ozone: Impact of chemical feedback on ozone recovery
We use trace gas profiles from Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment - Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) satellite measurements and the TOMCAT three-dimensional chemical transpo…
Tectono-magmatic evolution of the southern Reykjanes Ridge, North Atlantic, from ~11 M.y. to present
The geology of the Reykjanes Ridge reflects variations in the style of crustal accretion related to mantle plume processes and tectonic reconfigurations. Following a ~30° change i…
Modelling Hydrogen Uptake in Soil: Exploring the Role of Microbial Activity
Hydrogen (H2) gas acts as a secondary greenhouse gas, indirectly increasing the lifetime of methane in the atmosphere by competing for hydroxyl radicals that would otherwise react…
Hydrodynamic processes of incipient meander chute cutoffs- implications for morphodynamics and depth-averaged modeling
Meander chute cutoffs are a common and geomorphically important feature of meandering rivers. They exhibit complex dynamics and distinctive morphologic features. To date, however,…
WUS324: Full Waveform Inversion Approaching Convergence Improves Waveform Fits While Imaging Seismic Structure of the W…
We report a new model of radially anisotropic crustal and upper mantle structure of the western United States (WUS324) obtained from full waveform inversion of earthquake data. We…
Analytical Model for the Higher Order Moments of Midlatitude Atmospheric Temperature Distributions
Observed distributions of atmospheric temperature are non-Gaussian. Therefore, moments beyond variance are necessary in determining the frequency of extreme temperature events. He…
Light limitation of poleward coral reef expansion during past warm climates
The latitudinal range of modern shallow-water tropical corals is controlled by temperature, and presently limited to waters warmer than 16-18 °C year-round. However, even during C…
Machine learning predicts the slip duration and friction drop of laboratory earthquakes in sheared granular fault
Predicting laboratory earthquakes using machine learning has progressed markedly recently. Previous related studies mainly focus on predicting the occurrence time and shear stress…
Imaging the May 2024 Extreme Aurora with Ionospheric Total Electron Content
The continental United States is well instrumented with facilities for mid-latitude upper atmosphere research that operate on a continuous basis. In addition, citizen scientists p…
Reply to Comment by Chang on "Using the Curvature of the Local Wind to Separate Energetics Contributions from Cyclones …
Chang (2024) challenged the methodology proposed recently by Okajima et al. for evaluating cyclonic and anticyclonic contributions to Eulerian eddy statistics and atmospheric ener…
Increasing large precipitation events and low available water holding capacity create the conditions for dry land-atmos…
As a warmer climate enables an increase in atmospheric humidity, extreme precipitation events have become more frequent in the northeastern United States. Understanding the impact…
Formation of “White Pocket” in The Surface Exposure of Jurassic Navajo Sandstone in Arizona
Based on outcrop observations in the National and State Parks, the present study demonstrates that the white mass in “White Pocket” is a thick blanket of weathering crust develope…
Future freshwater fluxes from the Antarctic ice sheet
Surface freshening of the Southern Ocean driven by meltwater discharge from the Antarctic ice sheet has been shown to influence global climate dynamics. However, most climate mode…
The Fast Borealis Ionosphere: High Time-resolution Mapping of Polar Ionospheric Flows with SuperDARN
Recent improvements to hardware for the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network systems operated by the University of Saskatchewan (named Borealis) have allowed for greater control of ra…
Relativistic electron flux decay and recovery: relative roles of EMIC waves, chorus waves, and electron injections
We investigate the dynamics of relativistic electrons in the Earth’s outer radiation belt by analyzing the interplay of several key physical processes: electron losses due to pitc…
Estimate of water and hydroxyl abundance on asteroid (16) Psyche from JWST data
Our understanding of Solar System evolution is closely tied to interpretations of asteroid composition, particularly the M-class asteroids. These asteroids were initially thought …
Contribution of tangential CMB-mantle flow between hot mantle plumes and cold downwellings to ULVZ formation and morpho…
Ultra-low velocity zones (ULVZs) above the core-mantle boundary (CMB) are observed structures that may be related to the liquid outer-core. As ”thin patches” of dramatically low s…
Parameterization of the Arctic sea ice microwave emissivity between 1.4 and 36~GHz, for large scale applications
Modeling sea ice microwave emissivities at large scales presents challenges, due to complex interactions between the microwave signal and the sea ice environment. For the preparat…
Testing Cloud Adjustment Hypotheses for the Maintenance of Earth's Hemispheric Albedo Symmetry with Observed Trends and…
Earth’s Northern and Southern Hemispheres reflect essentially equal amounts of sunlight. How—and whether—this hemispheric albedo symmetry is maintained remains a mystery. We decom…
Beyond The Average: Computation of Vertical Profiles in Dilute Pyroclastic Density Currents and Their Use in Shallow-Wa…
Dilute pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) present significant hazards due to their high temperatures and dynamic pressures. Accurate estimation of dynamic pressure—- vital for as…
Exploring the physics of thermodynamic lake ice models
Thermodynamic lake ice models are valuable tools in the simulation of ice formation, growth, and decay. Appropriate application of these models necessitates a thorough understandi…
On the ongoing ocean desertification as seen from space
Previous satellite-based studies have suggested an expansion of subtropical gyres concomitant with decreasing chlorophyll concentrations over time due to ocean warming, raising ma…
The Probability of the May 2024 Geomagnetic Superstorm
In May 2024, a series of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) resulted in the first ’severe’ (G4-level) geomagnetic storm watch in nearly 20 years. This event evolved into a significant …
Unsupervised Coherent Noise Removal from Seismological Distributed Acoustic Sensing Data
Recent advances in sensing technologies, particularly Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS), have significantly improved the collection and analysis of seismological data. DAS is a p…
Trace element emissions vary with lava flow age and thermal evolution during the Fagradalsfjall 2021-2023 eruptions, Ic…
Basaltic fissure eruptions emit an array of volatile and environmentally reactive gases and particulate matter (PM) into the lower troposphere (e.g., SO2, HCl, and HF in the gas p…
Separation timescales of vertically migrating zooplankton and other (a)biotic materials in the Benguela system
Plankton, plastics, nutrients, and other materials in the ocean can exhibit different dispersion patterns depending on their individual drifting properties. These dispersion patte…
The Effects of Biogeochemistry and Water Mass Mixing on the Distribution of Nitrous Oxide in the Tropical South Pacific
Understanding the oceanic cycling and transport of the climatically relevant greenhouse gas, nitrous oxide (N2O), is imperative for interpreting how it could change with environme…
Inferring parameters in a complex land surface model by combining data assimilation and machine learning
Complex Land Surface Models (LSMs) rely on a plethora of parameters. These parameters and the associated process formulations are often poorly constrained, which hampers reliable …
Ocean surface gravity waves excited by the 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Volcano
On 15 January 2022, a massive underwater eruption occurred at the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai Volcano. The plume reached the mesosphere, and the eruption excited a significant atmos…
Segmented trapdoor fault in Kita-Ioto Caldera, Japan: Insights from milli-meter tsunami waves captured by an array netw…
Submarine calderas with active magma supply have recently been identified as potential sources of volcanic tsunamis due to sudden meter-scale uplift by trapdoor faulting, occurrin…
Space-Time Causal Discovery in Climate Science: A Local Stencil Learning Approach
Causal discovery tools enable scientists to infer meaningful relationships from observational data, spurring advances in fields as diverse as biology, economics, and climate scien…
A Multi-Layer Perceptron Approach for SIF Retrieval in the O 2 -A Absorption band from Hyperspectral Imagery of the HyP…
Accurate estimation of solar-induced fluorescence (SIF) from passively sensed hyperspectral remote sensing data has been identified as instrumental in assessing the photosynthetic…
Basic physics predicts stronger high cloud radiative heating with warming
Radiative heating of clouds, particularly those in the upper troposphere, alters temperature gradients in the atmosphere, affecting circulation and precipitation in today's and fu…
A synoptic scale perspective of solar forcing on extreme precipitation and floods over Europe during summer
The relationship between total solar irradiance (TSI) forcing and summer extreme precipitation and flood frequency over western Europe is investigated from a synoptic-scale perspe…
The life cycle of the low salinity lenses at the surface of the Arctic Ocean
In the Arctic Ocean, coherent low salinity anomalies, known as lenses, and often observed at the surface and are thought to result from the input of large amount of freshwater by …
Earth Observation Data to Support Environmental Justice: Linking Non-permitted Poultry Operations to Social Vulnerabili…
Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) apply massive amounts of untreated waste to nearby farmlands, with severe environmental health impacts of swine CAFOs and proximity …
River mouth hydrodynamics: the role of the outlet geometry and transient tidal and river discharge conditions on the je…
The hydrodynamics of river mouths are the result of a complex interaction between river flow, tidal conditions and outlet geometry. This complex interaction of factors shapes the …
Connecting Science to Sustained Impact: SERVIR’s Journey in Earth Observations for Water Resources Management and Futur…
Effective management of water resources and mitigation of water-related disasters are essential for human well-being, ecosystem health, and socio-economic development. However, th…
Experimental Study on Hysteresis During Cyclic Injection in Hierarchical Porous Media
Cycle injection schemes are often encountered in underground gas storage, and the involved hysteresis directly impacts storage and extraction efficiency. The geological formation …
Diurnal Vegetation Moisture Cycle in the Amazon and Response to Water Stress
Water stress in the Amazon is exacerbated by rising temperatures and reduced moisture levels. However, understanding forest responses to increased aridity is hindered by limited i…
A minimal model illuminates the physics behind pulse-like seismic rupture and oscillatory slip rates in damaged faults
Fault zones are often surrounded by a damage zone that exhibits lower seismic velocities than the wall-rock, influencing earthquake propagation and arrest. We present a one-dimens…
Sustainable Waste Management and Energy Recovery using Bio-methanation in India: Current Status and Challenges
Bio-methanation offers a safe, effective, and efficient avenue for the environmentally sound disposal of urban organic waste, while concurrently facilitating the recuperation of v…
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