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Rates of sea-level rise are increasing across the global ocean. Since $\sim 2008$, sea-level acceleration is particularly pronounced along the US Gulf of Mexico coastline. Here we…

Calculating meteoroid masses from photometric observations relies on prior knowledge of the luminous efficiency, a parameter that is not well characterized; reported values vary b…

Isotopic composition modelling is a key aspect in many environmental studies. This work presents an open source Python library that estimates isotopic compositions through machine…

1. Abstract The alteration of the natural nighttime environment due to artificial light at night (ALAN) can disrupt ecological systems and affect human health. Inefficiencies in l…

Slow slip events (SSEs) at subduction zone plate boundaries sometimes trigger earthquake swarms and megathrust earthquakes. The causal relationship between SSEs and seismicity has…

Rapidly shrinking Arctic sea ice has had significant impacts on the Arctic Ocean and many outer Arctic regions. It is therefore urgently needed to reliably estimate Arctic sea-ice…

Microbial methane (CH4) production varies among different cropping modes,which has important implications for how to reduce CH4 emissions from paddy fields.However,little is known…

Understanding plastic mobility in rivers is crucial in estimating plastic emissions into the oceans. Most studies have so far considered fluvial plastic transport as a uniform pro…

Sea surface temperatures (SSTs) vary not only due to heat exchange across the air-sea interface but also due to changes in effective heat capacity as primarily determined by mixed…

Stable water isotope signals in inland Antarctic ice cores have provided wealth of information about past climates. This study investigated atmospheric circulation processes that …

Climate change can potentially drive variations in the frequency and magnitude of hydrological extremes, and in turn the impact these events have on agriculture. Agricultural dama…

A high-altitude military UAV air-to-ground scenario model is established for the battlefield scenario without base station, the MIMO antenna array technology is used to improve th…

Irrigation is an important component of the terrestrial water cycle, but it is often poorly accounted for in models. Recent studies have attempted to integrate satellite data and …

The governing thermodynamics of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) are examined using sounding and reanalysis data. On the basis of four objective criteria, results suggest that …

Freeboardelevation of a structure above the base flood elevation (BFE)is a critical component in mitigating or avoiding flood losses. However, the unrevealed benefits and savings …

Remotely sensed evapotranspiration (ET RS ) is increasingly used for streamflow estimation. Earlier reports are conflicting as to whether ET RS is useful in improving streamflow e…

This research initiative utilizes established methods to ensure ongoing calibration of Landsat’s thermal instruments and to advance the development and validation of the associate…

Crater counts provide a rich source of information about the history of our solar system, including age estimates of many geologic terrains. In this work we present substantial im…

This is a comment on the Boone et al. (2022) article. The authors analyzed spaceborne observations of stratospheric aerosol in 2019-2020 . They concluded, the dominating aerosol t…

Recently, a growing number of studies have used machine learning (ML) models to parameterize computationally intensive subgrid-scale processes in ocean models. Such studies typica…

We present 3-D spontaneous dynamic rupture earthquake scenarios for the Húsavík–Flatey Fault Zone (HFFZ) in Northern Iceland. We construct three fault system models consisting of …

We present a comparison of the measured cosmic ray (CR) muon fluxes from two identical detectors at different geolocations and their sensitivity to space weather events in real ti…

We use observations from dual high-resolution mass spectrometers to characterize ecosystem-atmosphere fluxes of reactive carbon across an extensive range of volatile organic compo…

Waves which couple to energetic electrons are particularly important in space weather, as they drive rapid changes in the topology and intensity of Earth’s outer radiation belt du…

Future projections indicate the AMOC will weaken and shoal in response to global warming, but models disagree widely over the amount of weakening. We analyse projected AMOC weaken…

The triple-dip La Niña in 2020-22 is characterized by persisting easterly and southeasterly wind anomalies over the tropical central and southeastern Pacific. Our results show tha…

Earth System Models (ESMs) are complex systems used in weather and climate studies generally built from different independent components responsible for simulating a specific real…

Recent observations from Juno provided a detailed view of Jupiter’s magnetodisk, including its magnetic fields, waves, plasmas and energetic particles. Here, we contribute to Juno…

This manuscript presents the analysis of data from multiple ground- and space-based sensors in the North American region before, during, and after the 12 Oct. 2021 geomagnetic sto…

Constitutive laws relating fluid potentials and fluxes in a nonlinear manner are common in several porous media applications, including biological and reactive flows, poromechanic…

We introduce the Ensemble Earthquake Early Warning System (E3WS), a set of Machine Learning algorithms designed to detect, locate and estimate the magnitude of an earthquake using…

J. Schmidt and Cairns (2019) have recently claimed that they can predict Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) arrival times with an accuracy of 0.9+-1.9 hours for four separate events. The…

The atmospheric CO2 growth rate is a fundamental measure of climate forcing. NOAA's growth rate estimates, derived from in situ observations at the marine boundary layer (MBL), se…

We study the dynamic evolution of dayside magnetopause reconnection locations and their dependence on the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) cone angle via 3-D global-scale hybri…

Manganese (Mn) is an essential element for photosynthetic life, yet concentrations in Southern Ocean open waters are very low, resulting from biological uptake along with limited …

On the edge of our continents, oceanic crust meets continental crust. At passive margins, those where there is no active tectonics, subduction or transform faulting, these crustal…

Fluid dynamical systems are well described by discretized partial differential equations, but computational costs limit accuracy, duration and/or resolution in numerical integrati…

Impact craters that form on every planetary body provide a record of planetary surface evolution. On heavily-cratered surfaces, new craters that form often overlap older craters, …

Albeit slow and not without its challenges, lead (Pb) emissions and sources in the United States (U.S.) have decreased immensely over the past several decades. Despite the prevale…

Unfrozen water content (UWC) is a key parameter affecting a variety of soil physical-mechanical properties and processes in frozen soil systems. However, traditional estimation mo…

Snow megadunes cover 5×105 km2 of the East Antarctic plateau, biasing surface mass balance estimates and overprinting ice-core signals—yet their 2–5 km wavelength has lacked a qua…

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Fractured bedrock aquifers are a primary source of water supply for over a billion people worldwide, yet a foundational conceptual ambiguity exists in how these systems are charac…

Atmospheric tides are a substantial source of variability in the thermosphere and play a key role in coupling the lower and upper atmosphere. While gravity waves (GWs) are known t…

Subaqueous paleoseismology offers valuable insight into past earthquakes, yet quantitative links between ground motion and sedimentary shaking imprints remain limited. This study …

We present an open-source workflow for transforming paleogeothermal and magnetotelluric observations into georeferenced, simulation-ready three-dimensional models of the continent…