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While waves propagating over a uniform current are simply subject to a Doppler shift of their phase, inhomogeneous flows can modify the wavenumber, direction, and amplitude of the…

Biodiversity governance is the backbone to ensure biodiversity livelihood. The Government of Pakistan considered biodiversity as a major component by following the signing of the …

Soil respiration represents one of the dominant fluxes of CO2 from terrestrial ecosystems to the atmosphere, therefore, it is important to understand how it is controlled across a…

Radio occultation (RO) can provide high vertical resolution thermodynamic soundings of the planetary boundary layer (PBL). However, sharp moisture gradients and strong temperature…

The holy grail of ExoPlanet research is finding and characterizing terrestrial planets orbiting in the habitable zones of a neighboring stars. The first question to be answered is…

The greenhouse gas footprint of oilfield flares comprises carbon dioxide and uncombusted hydrocarbons. It has been broadly assumed that oilfield flares are 98% efficient, and that…

The impacts of heat waves in a warming climate depend not just on changing temperatures but also on changing humidity. Using 35 simulations from the Community Earth System Model L…

From inside the stemflow research community, the past decade’s progress might look great: 1) the number of papers published on stemflow per year has doubled; 2) citations of stemf…

Microbursts are an impulsive increase of electrons from the radiation belts into the atmosphere and have been directly observed in low Earth orbit and the upper atmosphere. Prior …

This work addresses the relationship between major dynamical forcings and variability in NO column measurements. The dominating impact on Siberia is due to El Niño, on Indonesia, …

The formation of strong sporadic E-layers (Es) is frequently observed during the recovery phase of the magnetic storms over Boa Vista (BV, 2.8°N, 60.7°W), a low latitude region ov…

In this study, the changes in the occurrence of marine fog over the summer North Pacific in warmer sea surface temperature (SST) or increased CO2 climates were investigated based …

Mountainous landscape evolution under tropical and alpine environments is mainly dictated by climatic forcing which influences underlying mechanisms of geomorphic transport (e.g.,…

The Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) mission data contain significant quantitative information about the aurora on a global scale. Here we present techniques …

Most previous efforts to characterize the size and composition of the upper mantle, the source of mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORBs), have assumed that this MORB source is the residu…

Partial melting of the asthenospheric mantle generates the magma that supplies volcanic systems. The timescale of melt extraction from the mantle has been hotly debated. Microstru…

Specialized spectral library measured under controlled planetary surface conditions is important to accurately derive the chemical and physical properties from remote observations…

Ocean circulation is dominated by turbulent geostrophic eddy fields with typical scales ranging from 10 km to 300 km. At mesoscales (> 50 km), the size of eddy structures varies r…

We present simulations of the outer radiation belt electron flux during the March 2015 and March 2013 storms using a radial diffusion model. Despite differences in Dst intensity b…

Earthquakes in seismological catalogs and acoustic emission events in lab experiments can be statistically described as a linear Hawkes point process, where the spatio-temporal ra…

The Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model (DHSVM) code was parallelized for distributed memory computers using the Global Arrays (GA) programming model. To analyze parallel …

Surface tension controls all aspects of fluid flow in porous media. Through measurements of surface tension interaction under multiphase conditions, a relative permeability relati…

The downward flux of organic carbon exported from the surface ocean is of great importance to the Earth’s climate because it represents the major pathway for transporting CO from …

Two-station surface-wave analysis was used to measure Rayleigh-wave phase velocities between 105 station pairs in western Canada, straddling the boundary between the tectonically …

We present shear-wave splitting analyses of SKS and SKKS waves recorded at sixteen Superior Province Rifting Earthscope Experiment (SPREE) seismic stations on the north shore of L…

Brinicles are self-assembling tubular ice membrane structures, centimeters to meters in length, formed by the downward migration of supercooled brine rejected from ice sheets, and…

Sedimentary basins strongly affect earthquake ground motions of both body and surface waves that propagate through them. Yet to characterize seismic hazards at a specific site, it…

The mid-Piacenzian (Pliocene) climate represents the most geologically recent interval of long-term average warmth, relative to the last million years, sharing similarities with t…

By conservation of mass, the mass of wildland fuel that is pyrolyzed and combusted must equal the mass of smoke emissions, residual char and ash. For a given set of conditions, th…

The ability to access time series data with one API would significantly enhance science data interoperability. The Heliophysics Application Programmers Interface (HAPI) is a simpl…

To assess the tectonic response of near-field and far-field deformation in the upper plate of a subduction/collision system, we present here a thermochronological study on the sub…

During the mid-Holocene (MH, 6,000 years BP), precessional forcing drove enhanced monsoon rainfall, expanded vegetation cover, and reduced dust emissions throughout the African Sa…

Interaction of magma with ground or surface water can lead to explosive phreatomagmatic eruptions. Poorly understood questions of this process center on effects of system geometry…

Tides influence the allocation of river discharge to distributary channels interconnected by tidal junctions. Geometrical properties of distributary channels and nearshore coastal…

We have developed improved seismic hazard maps with the effect of local geology for the Washington, DC area. The input ground motion prediction equations, source model, and logic …

The Rochester and Adna 7.5 minute quadrangles in the Washington forearc of the Cascadia subduction zone encompass the Doty fault, a large forearc fault crossing the I-5 corridor s…

We report palaeomagnetic and K-Ar geochronologic results of two volcanic sections from Ethiopia. One section, dated around 29-30 Ma and spanning ~1 km in thickness, is related to …

The objective of this joint field and laboratory study is to characterize the delivery and infiltration of nutrient loads from roadway runoff within roadway shoulders. Roadway run…

Urban population in sub Saharan Africa (SSA) is rapidly growing. While only 30% of its population lived in urban centers in 2000, this figure will reach 60% by year 2050. Urban en…

Researcher Ridge (RR) is a 400km long, WNW-ESE oriented chain of volcanic seamounts, located on ~20 to 40 Ma old oceanic crust on the western flank of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR)…

Multi-plume convection schemes based on discretized size densities can be easily made scale-aware by size filtering the parametrized plumes to fit the model resolution. Combined w…

The Lower Mekong is facing an increasing impact of droughts and at the regional level, the Mekong River Commission (MRC) is mandated to work with government agencies on creating a…

Coastal risks are increasing due to the warming of the climate, resulting in rising mean sea levels and changes in storminess. Projections of future coastal flooding rely on globa…

In the SIP ““Next-generation Ocean Resource Exploration Techniques” project, various types of geophysical surveys, such as time-domain electromagnetic (TDEM), DC resistivity, self…

In a warmer world, the hydrological cycle will change in intensity and in its geographic behaviour. This, in turn, will change patterns of river flood and the risk associated with…

Unsaturated fractured aquifer systems offer a domain for complex gravity-driven flow dynamics leading to the development of preferential flow along fracture networks that often st…

Transmission muography is an expanding technique based on the attenuation of the natural-occurring cosmic muons flux due to the opacity of the medium to obtain the distribution of…

Random and small-scale subsurface heterogeneities in velocity and/or density scatter the seismic wavefield when they have scale lengths on the order of the seismic wavelength. Sei…

The Campi Flegrei caldera is well known for being one of the most volcanically risky areas in the world. Notably, it has an extension of about 120 square km, and 40% of its area i…

i) Within the framework of 3D resistive MHD, we simulate the formation of a plasma jet with the morphology, upward velocity and timescale formation similar to those expected for T…