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The 1755 Lisbon earthquake triggered the largest historical tsunami ever registered in Western Europe. Despite the recent efforts to better understand this event, there are still …

In the subsurface, water content, gas solubility, adsorption on minerals and chemical reactions control gas fluxes between soil and the atmosphere. Because these processes vary in…

Agriculture sector is a major consumer of available fresh water. Increasing demand for fresh water in the various sectors has necessitated the use of treated waste water for irrig…

Climate variability, in terms of the climatic fluctuations in precipitation and potential evapotranspiration, impacts the variability of runoff at different timescales. This paper…

Iron is the fourth most common element found in the earth crust. Although it may not be as important for soil fertility as, e.g., phosphorus, nitrogen and organic matter, its abse…

Climate models generally require that results between runs are bit-for-bit reproducible. This becomes impossible when switching the computational platform or compiler that the mod…

Useful to Usable (U2U) was a 6-year USDA-funded research and extension project focused on improving the uptake of climate information by Midwestern U.S. farmers and agricultural a…

Microbial processing of fresh carbon inputs is recognized as a key step in the formation of mineral-associated organic matter. Low molecular weight (LMW) compounds comprise a nota…

While flagship missions such as CHAMP and GOCE have shown us with accelerometer measurements that the thermospheric density in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) can increase by more than 200%…

Forest biodiversity has been declining across the globe due to anthropogenic activities. Losses of biodiversity have led to reduced forest health and ecosystem services. Therefore…

This study discusses the role of the aridity index in controlling the long-term fluxes of direct (Qd) and baseflow (Qd). Here we present an analytical derivation starting from sim…

Seismological models of the mantle are routinely developed using a range of techniques applied to different data types. For quite some time, it has been recognised that on long wa…

NASA’s Capacity Building Program (CBP) works to empower communities around the globe to use Earth observation data and products in their decision making. Working through program a…

Terrestrial-aquatic interfaces such as salt marshes, mangroves, and similar wetlands provide an optimum natural environment for the sequestration and long-term storage of carbon (…

Soils of mountain regions are estimated to contain large amounts of organic matter (OM), equivalent to stocks found in high-latitude boreal and tundra soils. Mountain environments…

Riparian forests are critical ecotones linking aquatic and terrestrial habitats, providing important ecosystem services such as sediment control and nutrient regulation. The funct…

Western U.S. conifer forests harbor diverse ecological strategies that enable species to persist across a wide range of hydroclimate conditions, along with wildfire and eruptive i…

We explore the effects of changing heating parameters in closed coronal loops on the intensity of Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) observations. Using EBTEL (Enthalpy-Based Ther…

For more than 20 years, the work of academic climate scientists and those at groups like the Union of Concerned Scientists has been to analyze, synthesize, and convey the projecte…

We are developing a fully automated Structure from Motion (SfM) processing pipeline to generate high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) from archives of historical aerial …

Satellite remote sensing is becoming an increasingly essential component of volcano monitoring, especially at little-known and remote volcanoes where in-situ measurements are unav…

Black ash (Fraxinus nigra Marsh) is the dominant hardwood species in many northern forested wetlands, especially in the Great Lakes Region. Black ash is subject to extremely high …

We present our results on the second year of TOTO-Cheyenne (TGFs On Top Of Cheyenne), a continuing collaboration of the US Air Force Academy and the Naval Research Laboratory. The…

Soft x-ray and EUV radiation from the Sun is absorbed by and ionizes the atmosphere, creating both the ionosphere and thermosphere. Temporal changes in irradiance energy and spect…

The National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) is a long-term ecological observatory focused on collecting and providing open, continental-scale data that characterize and qua…

Recent activity has provided new insights into the causes of surface deformation in and around the Yellowstone Caldera, a topic that has been debated since the discovery of calder…

We present an intercomparison and consistency study of aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrievals from the 1625 nm channel that has recently been added to the SURFRAD’s Multi-Filter R…

A physically based model is formulated for the active layer depth of permafrost under changing boundary condition instead of constant boundary condition considered in the traditio…

Recent advancement of computational linguistics, machine learning, including a variety of toolboxes for Natural Language Processing (NLP), help facilitate analysis of vast electro…

The Calhoun Critical Zone Observatory (CCZO) has been collecting above and below canopy water, energy and carbon fluxes and other hydro-meteorological processes since 2016. The ob…

Rubble pile asteroids such as (162173) Ryugu have large bulk porosities, which are believed to result from void spaces in between the constituent boulders (macroporosity) as well …

Streamers are millimeter-diameter cold plasma discharges that can extend, branch, and interact with complex collective dynamics to form meter-scale systems. Such streamer systems …

Stochastic parameterizations are used in numerical weather prediction and climate modeling to help capture the uncertainty in the simulations and improve their statistical propert…

It is increasingly recognized that light-absorbing impurities deposited on a surface can reduce its albedo and lead to increased absorption of solar radiation. Natural dust can tr…

Kepler-411 is a K2V-type star with an average rotation period of 10.52 days, radius of 0.79 Rsun and mass of 0.83 Msun. This active star has at least four planets, three of them e…

Atmospheric drag describes the main perturbing force of the atmosphere on the orbital trajectories of near-Earth orbiting satellites. The ability to accurately model atmospheric d…

Polar topside total electron content (TEC) enhancement (PTTE) above 1336 km altitude is reported for the first time. The results are based on measurements from 2008 to 2018 made u…

We present a Bayesian geospatial modeling framework developed for the synthesis of point prevalence and health facility catchment data of mixed types: Plasmodium parasite prevalen…

Many of the world’s major aquifers are under severe stress as a result of intensive pumping in support of irrigated agriculture. The question of what the future holds for these aq…

To characterize how moderately large impactors might alter the differentiation and internal structure of Mars, we examine the fractional crystallization of intermediate depth magm…

Recent research has demonstrated the existence of a new type of solar event, the “terminator”. Unlike the Sun’s signature events, flares and Coronal Mass Ejections, the terminator…

Two traverses have been conducted for validation of the NASA Ice, Cloud, and land Satellite 2 on the flat interiors of the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets. GNSS data collected …

We use a newly developed global Hall MHD code to investigate how reconnection drives magnetotail asymmetries in small magnetospheres. Here, we consider a scaled-down, Earth-like m…

The current technology used by the Extratropical Surge and Tide Operational Forecast System (ESTOFS) on the East of the US and Gulf of Mexico coasts uses a sub-optimal unstructure…

The distributions of mosquito vectors are expected to shift with rising temperatures due to climate change. But other global change patterns, like land cover change and human popu…

Lightning and transient luminous events (TLEs) emit a short burst (~1 ms) of broadband electromagnetic waves, whose frequencies can range from a few Hz to the optical band, but th…

The magnetosphere of the Earth presents a large scale plasma physics laboratory in which the complex interacting plasma phenomena are involved: global convecting plasma dynamics, …

The California Council on Science and Technology (CCST) is a non-partisan, nonprofit, boundary organization with the mission of bringing science to decisionmakers. We focus on bui…

The ocean covers 70% of the surface of the planet, yet absorbs a remarkable 93% of the additional heat trapped by anthropogenic greenhouse gases due to its large size, the omnipre…

Image cross-correlation techniques, such as Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), can estimate water surface velocity (vsurf) of streams. However, discharge estimation requires water …